메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 106-123

Psychosocial stress and cardiovascular disease part 2: Effectiveness of the transcendental meditation program in treatment and prevention

Author keywords

Cardiovascular disease; Psychosocial stress; Review; Transcendental Meditation

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL TRIAL; HUMAN; MENTAL STRESS; META ANALYSIS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOSOCIAL CARE; RISK FACTOR; TRANSCENDENTAL MEDITATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0038630874     PISSN: 08964289     EISSN: 19404026     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08964280209596049     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (58)

References (74)
  • 2
    • 0035135007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life stress and hypertension
    • Tennant, C C. 2001. Life stress and hypertension. J Cardiovasc Risk, 8:51–56.
    • (2001) J Cardiovasc Risk , vol.8 , pp. 51-56
    • Tennant, C.C.1
  • 3
    • 0035092630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depression and cardiac mortality: Results from a community based longitudinal study
    • Penninx, B W, Beekman, A T, Honig, A. 2001. Depression and cardiac mortality:Results from a community based longitudinal study. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 58:221–227.
    • (2001) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.58 , pp. 221-227
    • Penninx, B.W.1    Beekman, A.T.2    Honig, A.3
  • 4
    • 0034696232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mood disturbances and coronary heart disease: Progress in the past decade
    • Tennant, C C, and McLean, L., 2000. Mood disturbances and coronary heart disease:Progress in the past decade. Med J Aust, 172:151–152.
    • (2000) Med J Aust , vol.172 , pp. 151-152
    • Tennant, C.C.1    McLean, L.2
  • 5
    • 0033608949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of psychological factors on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and implications for therapy
    • Rozanski, A, Blumenthal, J A, and Kaplan, J., 1999. Impact of psychological factors on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and implications for therapy. Circulation, 99:2192–2217.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 2192-2217
    • Rozanski, A.1    Blumenthal, J.A.2    Kaplan, J.3
  • 6
    • 0005858719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of psychosocial interventions and stress management for reduction of coronary artery disease events
    • Bairey Merz, C, and Subramanian, R., 1999. Efficacy of psychosocial interventions and stress management for reduction of coronary artery disease events. Preventive Cardiology, 1:1–6.
    • (1999) Preventive Cardiology , vol.1 , pp. 1-6
    • Bairey Merz, C.1    Subramanian, R.2
  • 7
    • 0029986693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychosocial interventions for patients with coronary artery disease
    • Linden, W, Stossel, C, and Maurice, J., 1996. Psychosocial interventions for patients with coronary artery disease. Arch Intern Med, 156:745–752.
    • (1996) Arch Intern Med , vol.156 , pp. 745-752
    • Linden, W.1    Stossel, C.2    Maurice, J.3
  • 8
    • 0023126220 scopus 로고
    • Psychologic treatment for Type A behavior pattern and for coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis of the literature
    • Nunes, E, Frank, K, and Kornfeld, D., 1987. Psychologic treatment for Type A behavior pattern and for coronary artery disease:A meta-analysis of the literature. Psychosom Med, 49:159–173.
    • (1987) Psychosom Med , vol.49 , pp. 159-173
    • Nunes, E.1    Frank, K.2    Kornfeld, D.3
  • 10
    • 18544412975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of home-based psychosocial nursing intervention for patients recovering from myocardial infarction
    • Frasure-Smith, N, Lesperance, F, Prince, R H. 1997. Randomized trial of home-based psychosocial nursing intervention for patients recovering from myocardial infarction. Lancet, 350:473–479.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.350 , pp. 473-479
    • Frasure-Smith, N.1    Lesperance, F.2    Prince, R.H.3
  • 11
    • 0030462540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological rehabilitation after myocardial infarction: Multicentre randomised controlled trial
    • Jones, D A, and West, R R. 1996. Psychological rehabilitation after myocardial infarction:Multicentre randomised controlled trial. BMJ, 313:1517–1521.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.313 , pp. 1517-1521
    • Jones, D.A.1    West, R.R.2
  • 12
    • 0032463138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All approaches to preventing or reversing effects of stress are not the same
    • Orme-Johnson, D W, and Walton, K G. 1998. All approaches to preventing or reversing effects of stress are not the same. American Journal of Health Promotion, 12:297–299.
    • (1998) American Journal of Health Promotion , vol.12 , pp. 297-299
    • Orme-Johnson, D.W.1    Walton, K.G.2
  • 13
    • 0029850830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress management in work settings: A critical review of the health effects
    • Murphy, L R. 1996. Stress management in work settings:A critical review of the health effects. American Journal of Health Promotion, 11:112–135.
    • (1996) American Journal of Health Promotion , vol.11 , pp. 112-135
    • Murphy, L.R.1
  • 15
    • 0005674735 scopus 로고
    • Growth of higher stages of consciousness: Maharishi's Vedic psychology of human development
    • Alexander C.N., Langer E.J., (eds), New York: Oxford University Press
    • Alexander, C N, Davies, J L, Dixon, C A. 1990. “ Growth of higher stages of consciousness:Maharishi's Vedic psychology of human development. ”. In Higher Stages of Human Development:Perspectives on Adult Growth, Edited by:Alexander, C N, and Langer, E J. 286–341. New York:Oxford University Press.
    • (1990) Higher Stages of Human Development: Perspectives on Adult Growth , pp. 286-341
    • Alexander, C.N.1    Davies, J.L.2    Dixon, C.A.3
  • 16
    • 0036137250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease prevention and health promotion in the aging with a traditional system of natural medicine: Maharishi Vedic Medicine (MVM)
    • Schneider, R H, Alexander, C N, Salerno, J, Robinson, D, Fields, J, and Nidich, S., 2002. Disease prevention and health promotion in the aging with a traditional system of natural medicine:Maharishi Vedic Medicine (MVM). The Journal of Aging and Health, 14:57–78.
    • (2002) The Journal of Aging and Health , vol.14 , pp. 57-78
    • Schneider, R.H.1    Alexander, C.N.2    Salerno, J.3    Robinson, D.4    Fields, J.5    Nidich, S.6
  • 17
    • 0033873098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvements in chronic diseases with a comprehensive natural medicine approach: A review and case studies
    • Nader, T, Rothenberg, S, Averbach, R, Charles, B, Fields, J, and Schneider, R., 2000. Improvements in chronic diseases with a comprehensive natural medicine approach:A review and case studies. Behav Med, 26:34–46.
    • (2000) Behav Med , vol.26 , pp. 34-46
    • Nader, T.1    Rothenberg, S.2    Averbach, R.3    Charles, B.4    Fields, J.5    Schneider, R.6
  • 18
    • 0028814290 scopus 로고
    • Stress, steroids, and “ojas”: Neuroendocrine mechanisms and current promise of ancient approaches to disease prevention
    • Walton, K, and Pugh, N., 1995. Stress, steroids, and “ojas”:Neuroendocrine mechanisms and current promise of ancient approaches to disease prevention. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol, 39:3–36.
    • (1995) Indian J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.39 , pp. 3-36
    • Walton, K.1    Pugh, N.2
  • 22
    • 0026775293 scopus 로고
    • The physiology of meditation: A review. A wakeful hypometabolic integrated response
    • Jevning, R, Wallace, R K, and Biedebach, M., 1992. The physiology of meditation:A review. A wakeful hypometabolic integrated response. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 16:415–424.
    • (1992) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.16 , pp. 415-424
    • Jevning, R.1    Wallace, R.K.2    Biedebach, M.3
  • 23
    • 85009636952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of the Transcendental Meditation program in criminal rehabilitation and substance abuse recovery: A review of the research
    • Hawkins, M A. 2002. Effectiveness of the Transcendental Meditation program in criminal rehabilitation and substance abuse recovery:A review of the research. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 36:47–65.
    • (2002) Journal of Offender Rehabilitation , vol.36 , pp. 47-65
    • Hawkins, M.A.1
  • 25
    • 0026567704 scopus 로고
    • Prognostic importance of social and economic resources among medically treated patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease
    • Williams, R, Barefoot, J, and Califf, R., 1992. Prognostic importance of social and economic resources among medically treated patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease. JAMA, 267
    • (1992) JAMA , vol.267
    • Williams, R.1    Barefoot, J.2    Califf, R.3
  • 28
    • 0029114417 scopus 로고
    • Job strain and the prevalence and outcome of coronary artery disease
    • Hlatky, M A, Lam, L C, Lee, K L. 1995. Job strain and the prevalence and outcome of coronary artery disease. Circulation, 92:327–333.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , pp. 327-333
    • Hlatky, M.A.1    Lam, L.C.2    Lee, K.L.3
  • 29
    • 0033210739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AHA/ACC scientific statement: Assessment of cardiovascular risk by use of multiple-risk-factor assessment equations: A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology
    • Grundy, S M, Pasternak, R, Greenland, P, Smith, S J, and Fuster, V., 1999. AHA/ACC scientific statement:Assessment of cardiovascular risk by use of multiple-risk-factor assessment equations:A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol, 34:1348–1359.
    • (1999) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.34 , pp. 1348-1359
    • Grundy, S.M.1    Pasternak, R.2    Greenland, P.3    Smith, S.J.4    Fuster, V.5
  • 30
    • 0028971009 scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled trial of stress reduction for hypertension in older African Americans
    • Schneider, R H, Staggers, F., Alexander, C. 1995. A randomized controlled trial of stress reduction for hypertension in older African Americans. Hypertension, 26:820–827.
    • (1995) Hypertension , vol.26 , pp. 820-827
    • Schneider, R.H.1    Staggers, F.2    Alexander, C.3
  • 31
    • 10144241044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A trial of stress reduction for hypertension in older African Americans (Part II): Sex and risk factor subgroup analysis
    • Alexander, C, Schneider, R, Staggers, F. 1996. A trial of stress reduction for hypertension in older African Americans (Part II):Sex and risk factor subgroup analysis. Hypertension, 28:228–237.
    • (1996) Hypertension , vol.28 , pp. 228-237
    • Alexander, C.1    Schneider, R.2    Staggers, F.3
  • 32
    • 0024802079 scopus 로고
    • Transcendental Meditation, mindfulness, and longevity: An experimental study with the elderly
    • Alexander, C N, Langer, E J, Newman, R I, Chandler, H M, and Davies, J L. 1989. Transcendental Meditation, mindfulness, and longevity:an experimental study with the elderly. J Person Soc Psychol, 57:950–964.
    • (1989) J Person Soc Psychol , vol.57 , pp. 950-964
    • Alexander, C.N.1    Langer, E.J.2    Newman, R.I.3    Chandler, H.M.4    Davies, J.L.5
  • 33
    • 8244250130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A controlled study of the effects of the Transcendental Meditation program on cardiovascular reactivity and ambulatory blood pressure
    • Wenneberg, S, Schneider, R, Walton, K. 1997. A controlled study of the effects of the Transcendental Meditation program on cardiovascular reactivity and ambulatory blood pressure. Int J Neurosci, 89:15–28.
    • (1997) Int J Neurosci , vol.89 , pp. 15-28
    • Wenneberg, S.1    Schneider, R.2    Walton, K.3
  • 34
    • 0035152588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of Transcendental Meditation on cardiovascular function at rest and during acute stress in adolescents with high normal blood pressure
    • Barnes, V A, Treiber, F A, and Davis, H., 2001. Impact of Transcendental Meditation on cardiovascular function at rest and during acute stress in adolescents with high normal blood pressure. J Psychosom Res, 51:597–605.
    • (2001) J Psychosom Res , vol.51 , pp. 597-605
    • Barnes, V.A.1    Treiber, F.A.2    Davis, H.3
  • 36
    • 0031893312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower lipid peroxide levels in practitioners of the Transcendental Meditation program
    • Schneider, R, Nidich, S, Salerno, J. 1998. Lower lipid peroxide levels in practitioners of the Transcendental Meditation program. Psychosom Med, 60:38–41.
    • (1998) Psychosom Med , vol.60 , pp. 38-41
    • Schneider, R.1    Nidich, S.2    Salerno, J.3
  • 38
    • 0028144047 scopus 로고
    • Treating and preventing alcohol, nicotine and drug abuse through Transcendental Meditation Technique: A review and statistical analysis
    • O'Connell D.F., Alexander C.N., (eds), New York: Haworth Press
    • Alexander, C N, Robinson, P, and Rainforth, M., 1994. “ Treating and preventing alcohol, nicotine and drug abuse through Transcendental Meditation Technique:A review and statistical analysis ”. In Self Recovery—Treating Addictions Using Transcendental Meditation and Maharishi Ayur-Veda, Edited by:O'Connell, D F, and Alexander, C N. 13–88. New York:Haworth Press.
    • (1994) Self Recovery—Treating Addictions Using Transcendental Meditation and Maharishi Ayur-Veda , pp. 13-88
    • Alexander, C.N.1    Robinson, P.2    Rainforth, M.3
  • 39
    • 0025347391 scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease, part 2, Short-term reductions in blood pressure: Overview of randomized drug trials in their epidemiological context
    • Collins, R, Petro, R, MacMahone, S. 1990. Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease, part 2, Short-term reductions in blood pressure:Overview of randomized drug trials in their epidemiological context. Lancet, 335:827–838.
    • (1990) Lancet , vol.335 , pp. 827-838
    • Collins, R.1    Petro, R.2    MacMahone, S.3
  • 40
    • 0025157241 scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of angina
    • Collins, P, and Fox, K., 1990. Pathophysiology of angina. Lancet, 335:94–96.
    • (1990) Lancet , vol.335 , pp. 94-96
    • Collins, P.1    Fox, K.2
  • 41
    • 84953611146 scopus 로고
    • Transcendental Meditation in the management of hypercholesterolemia
    • Cooper, M J, and Aygen, M M. 1979. Transcendental Meditation in the management of hypercholesterolemia. Journal of Human Stress, 5:24–27.
    • (1979) Journal of Human Stress , vol.5 , pp. 24-27
    • Cooper, M.J.1    Aygen, M.M.2
  • 42
    • 0026586813 scopus 로고
    • Autoantibody against oxidized LDL and progression of carotid atherosclerosis
    • Salonen, J T, Yla-Herttuala, S, Yamamoto, R. 1992. Autoantibody against oxidized LDL and progression of carotid atherosclerosis. Lancet, 339:883–887.
    • (1992) Lancet , vol.339 , pp. 883-887
    • Salonen, J.T.1    Yla-Herttuala, S.2    Yamamoto, R.3
  • 43
    • 0027318196 scopus 로고
    • Lipid peroxides as the initiating factor of atherosclerosis
    • Naito, C, Kawamura, M, and Yamamoto, Y., 1990. Lipid peroxides as the initiating factor of atherosclerosis. Ann N Y Academ Sci,:27–45.
    • (1990) Ann N Y Academ Sci , pp. 27-45
    • Naito, C.1    Kawamura, M.2    Yamamoto, Y.3
  • 44
    • 0028925078 scopus 로고
    • Atherosclerosis: Basic mechanisms. Oxidation, inflammation and genetics
    • Berliner, J, Navab, M, Fogelman, A. 1995. Atherosclerosis:Basic mechanisms. Oxidation, inflammation and genetics. Circulation, 91:2488–2496.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.91 , pp. 2488-2496
    • Berliner, J.1    Navab, M.2    Fogelman, A.3
  • 45
    • 0027522026 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular reactivity to stress predicts future blood pressure status
    • Matthews, K A, Woodall, K L, and Allen, M T. 1993. Cardiovascular reactivity to stress predicts future blood pressure status. Hypertension, 22:479–485.
    • (1993) Hypertension , vol.22 , pp. 479-485
    • Matthews, K.A.1    Woodall, K.L.2    Allen, M.T.3
  • 46
    • 0028544719 scopus 로고
    • A multidimensional measurement model for cardiovascular reactivity: Stability and cross-validation in two adult samples
    • Kamarck, T W, Jennings, J R, Pogue-Geile, M, and Manuck, S B. 1994. A multidimensional measurement model for cardiovascular reactivity:Stability and cross-validation in two adult samples. Health Psychol, 13:471–478.
    • (1994) Health Psychol , vol.13 , pp. 471-478
    • Kamarck, T.W.1    Jennings, J.R.2    Pogue-Geile, M.3    Manuck, S.B.4
  • 47
    • 0024828263 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of relaxation techniques on trait anxiety: A meta-analysis
    • Eppley, K, Abrams, A I, and Shear, J., 1989. Differential effects of relaxation techniques on trait anxiety:A meta-analysis. J Clin Psychol, 45:957–974.
    • (1989) J Clin Psychol , vol.45 , pp. 957-974
    • Eppley, K.1    Abrams, A.I.2    Shear, J.3
  • 48
    • 0024661771 scopus 로고
    • The effects of the Transcendental Meditation technique and progressive muscle relaxation on EEG coherence, stress reactivity, and mental health in black adults
    • Gaylord, C, Orme-Johnson, D, and Travis, F., 1989. The effects of the Transcendental Meditation technique and progressive muscle relaxation on EEG coherence, stress reactivity, and mental health in black adults. Intern J Neurosci, 46:77–86.
    • (1989) Intern J Neurosci , vol.46 , pp. 77-86
    • Gaylord, C.1    Orme-Johnson, D.2    Travis, F.3
  • 49
    • 0000587592 scopus 로고
    • Transcendental Meditation, self actualization, and psychological health: A conceptual overview and statistical meta-analysis
    • Alexander, C N, Rainforth, M V, and Gelderloos, P., 1991. Transcendental Meditation, self actualization, and psychological health:A conceptual overview and statistical meta-analysis. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 6:189–247.
    • (1991) Journal of Social Behavior and Personality , vol.6 , pp. 189-247
    • Alexander, C.N.1    Rainforth, M.V.2    Gelderloos, P.3
  • 50
    • 0038077935 scopus 로고
    • An integrative meta-analysis of psychological studies investigating the treatment outcomes of meditation techniques
    • Chalmers R., Clements G., Schenkluhn H., Weinless M., (eds), Vlodrop, Holland: Maharishi European Research University, MVU Press
    • Ferguson, P C. 1991. “ An integrative meta-analysis of psychological studies investigating the treatment outcomes of meditation techniques ”. In Scientific Research on Maharishi's Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi Programme:Collected Papers, Edited by:Chalmers, R, Clements, G, Schenkluhn, H, and Weinless, M. Vol 4, 2039–2048. Vlodrop, Holland:Maharishi European Research University, MVU Press.
    • (1991) Scientific Research on Maharishi's Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi Programme: Collected Papers , pp. 2039-2048
    • Ferguson, P.C.1
  • 52
    • 0001563135 scopus 로고
    • Physiological differences between Transcendental Meditation and rest
    • Dillbeck, M C, and Orme-Johnson, D W. 1987. Physiological differences between Transcendental Meditation and rest. American Psychologist, 42:879–881.
    • (1987) American Psychologist , vol.42 , pp. 879-881
    • Dillbeck, M.C.1    Orme-Johnson, D.W.2
  • 53
    • 0017156963 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of Transcendental Meditation as a method of reducing stress
    • Michaels, R R, Huber, M J, and McCann, D S. 1976. Evaluation of Transcendental Meditation as a method of reducing stress. Science, 192:1242–1244.
    • (1976) Science , vol.192 , pp. 1242-1244
    • Michaels, R.R.1    Huber, M.J.2    McCann, D.S.3
  • 54
    • 0025253671 scopus 로고
    • Beta-adrenergic receptor sensitivity in subjects practicing transcendental meditation
    • Mills, P J, Schneider, R H, Hill, D, Walton, K G, and Wallace, R K. 1990. Beta-adrenergic receptor sensitivity in subjects practicing transcendental meditation. J Psychosom Res, 34:29–33.
    • (1990) J Psychosom Res , vol.34 , pp. 29-33
    • Mills, P.J.1    Schneider, R.H.2    Hill, D.3    Walton, K.G.4    Wallace, R.K.5
  • 56
  • 58
    • 0030837540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the Transcendental Meditation program on adaptive mechanisms: Changes in hormone levels and responses to stress after 4 months of practice
    • MacLean, C, Walton, K, Wenneberg, S. 1997. Effects of the Transcendental Meditation program on adaptive mechanisms:Changes in hormone levels and responses to stress after 4 months of practice. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 22:277–295.
    • (1997) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.22 , pp. 277-295
    • MacLean, C.1    Walton, K.2    Wenneberg, S.3
  • 59
    • 0032098528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACTH and beta-endor-phin in Transcendental Meditation
    • Infante, J R, Peran, F, Martinez, M. 1998. ACTH and beta-endor-phin in Transcendental Meditation. Physiol Behav, 64:311–315.
    • (1998) Physiol Behav , vol.64 , pp. 311-315
    • Infante, J.R.1    Peran, F.2    Martinez, M.3
  • 60
    • 0035123911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catecholamines in practitioners of the Transcendental Meditation technique
    • Infante, J R, Torres-Avisbal, M, Pinel, P. 2001. Catecholamines in practitioners of the Transcendental Meditation technique. Physio Behav, 72:141–146.
    • (2001) Physio Behav , vol.72 , pp. 141-146
    • Infante, J.R.1    Torres-Avisbal, M.2    Pinel, P.3
  • 61
    • 0032769346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute effects of Transcendental Meditation on hemodynamic functioning in middle-aged adults
    • Barnes, V A, Treiber, F A, Turner, J R, Davis, H, and Strong, W B. 1999. Acute effects of Transcendental Meditation on hemodynamic functioning in middle-aged adults. Psychosom Med, 61:525–531.
    • (1999) Psychosom Med , vol.61 , pp. 525-531
    • Barnes, V.A.1    Treiber, F.A.2    Turner, J.R.3    Davis, H.4    Strong, W.B.5
  • 62
    • 85009545981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Walpole study of the TM program in maximum security prisoners I: Cross-sectional differences in development and psychopathology
    • Alexander, C, Walton, K, and Goodman, R., 2002. Walpole study of the TM program in maximum security prisoners I:Cross-sectional differences in development and psychopathology. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 36:97–125.
    • (2002) Journal of Offender Rehabilitation , vol.36 , pp. 97-125
    • Alexander, C.1    Walton, K.2    Goodman, R.3
  • 63
    • 0034012095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of stress reduction on carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive African Americans
    • Castillo-Richmond, A, Schneider, R, Alexander, C. 2000. Effects of stress reduction on carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive African Americans. Stroke, 31:568–573.
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , pp. 568-573
    • Castillo-Richmond, A.1    Schneider, R.2    Alexander, C.3
  • 64
    • 0037090567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of a multimodality natural medicine program on carotid atherosclerosis in older subjects: A pilot trial of Maharishi Vedic Medicine
    • Fields, J Z, Walton, K G, Schneider, R H. 2002. Effect of a multimodality natural medicine program on carotid atherosclerosis in older subjects:A pilot trial of Maharishi Vedic Medicine. Am J Cardiol, 89:952–958.
    • (2002) Am J Cardiol , vol.89 , pp. 952-958
    • Fields, J.Z.1    Walton, K.G.2    Schneider, R.H.3
  • 65
    • 0028369367 scopus 로고
    • Arterial imaging and atherosclerosis reversal. George Lyman Duff Memorial Lecture
    • Blankenhorn, D H, and Hodis, H N. 1994. Arterial imaging and atherosclerosis reversal. George Lyman Duff Memorial Lecture. Arteriosclerosis & Thrombosis, 14:177–192.
    • (1994) Arteriosclerosis & Thrombosis , vol.14 , pp. 177-192
    • Blankenhorn, D.H.1    Hodis, H.N.2
  • 66
    • 0038416494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonpharmacologic treatment of hypertension and hypertensive heart disease in African Americans: A trial of the Transcendental Meditation program and a health education program
    • Fairfield, Iowa: Maharishi University of Management
    • Kondwani, K A. 1998. “ Nonpharmacologic treatment of hypertension and hypertensive heart disease in African Americans:A trial of the Transcendental Meditation program and a health education program ”. In Psychology, 130Fairfield, Iowa:Maharishi University of Management.
    • (1998) Psychology , pp. 130
    • Kondwani, K.A.1
  • 67
    • 0029989681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of the Transcendental Meditation program in the treatment of patients with coronary artery disease
    • Zamarra, J W, Schneider, R H, Besseghini, I, Robinson, D K, and Salerno, J W. 1996. Usefulness of the Transcendental Meditation program in the treatment of patients with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardio, 78:77–80.
    • (1996) Am J Cardio , vol.78 , pp. 77-80
    • Zamarra, J.W.1    Schneider, R.H.2    Besseghini, I.3    Robinson, D.K.4    Salerno, J.W.5
  • 68
    • 4244087040 scopus 로고
    • Ultrasound B-mode imaging in observational studies of atherosclerotic progression
    • Salonen, J T, and Salonen, R., 1993. Ultrasound B-mode imaging in observational studies of atherosclerotic progression. Circulation, 87 (Suppl 2):56–65.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.87 , pp. 56-65
    • Salonen, J.T.1    Salonen, R.2
  • 69
    • 0026092229 scopus 로고
    • Relation of left ventricular mass and geometry to morbidity and mortality in uncomplicated essential hypertension
    • Koren, M J, Devereux, R B, Casale, P N, Savage, D D, and Laragh, J H. 1991. Relation of left ventricular mass and geometry to morbidity and mortality in uncomplicated essential hypertension. Ann Intern Med, 114:345–352.
    • (1991) Ann Intern Med , vol.114 , pp. 345-352
    • Koren, M.J.1    Devereux, R.B.2    Casale, P.N.3    Savage, D.D.4    Laragh, J.H.5
  • 70
    • 0038077939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular mass regression with the Transcendental Meditation technique and a health education program in hypertensive African Americans
    • press
    • Kondwani, K, Schneider, R H, Alexander, C N. Left ventricular mass regression with the Transcendental Meditation technique and a health education program in hypertensive African Americans. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, In press
    • Journal of Social Behavior and Personality
    • Kondwani, K.1    Schneider, R.H.2    Alexander, C.N.3
  • 71
    • 0031604413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-clinical cardiovascular disease and surrogate end-points in hypertension: Does race influence target organ damage independent of blood pressure?
    • Devereux, R B, Okin, P M, and Roman, M J. 1998. Pre-clinical cardiovascular disease and surrogate end-points in hypertension:Does race influence target organ damage independent of blood pressure?. Ethnicity and Disease, 8:138–148.
    • (1998) Ethnicity and Disease , vol.8 , pp. 138-148
    • Devereux, R.B.1    Okin, P.M.2    Roman, M.J.3
  • 73
    • 0026753558 scopus 로고
    • Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy: Pathogenesis, prognostic importance and treatment
    • August
    • Devereux, R, and Roman, M., 1992. Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy:Pathogenesis, prognostic importance and treatment. CVR & R, August:24–33.
    • (1992) CVR & R , pp. 24-33
    • Devereux, R.1    Roman, M.2
  • 74
    • 0344600942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled trial of stress reduction on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in the elderly: Results of 8 and 15 year follow-ups
    • Alexander, C N, Barnes, V A, Schneider, R H. 1996. A randomized controlled trial of stress reduction on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in the elderly:Results of 8 and 15 year follow-ups. Circulation [abstract], 93:629
    • (1996) Circulation [abstract] , vol.93 , pp. 629
    • Alexander, C.N.1    Barnes, V.A.2    Schneider, R.H.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.