Deterministic Plio-Pleistocene extinctions in the European cool-temperate tree flora

Ecology Letters

Volumn 6, Issue 7, 2003, Pages 646-653

  Svenning, Jens Christian ^a  

^a AARHUS UNIVERSITY   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Climatic change; Cold tolerance; Diversity loss; Drought tolerance; Evolutionary stasis; Extinction pattern; Forest refugia; Macroecology; Neogene; Temperate trees

Indexed keywords

COLD TOLERANCE; DROUGHT RESISTANCE; EXTINCTION; PLEISTOCENE; TREE;

ASIA; NORTH AMERICA;

EID: 0038496900     PISSN: 1461023X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1461-0248.2003.00477.x     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Birks, H.J.B. & Line, J.M. (1993). Glacial refugia of European trees - a matter of chance? Diss. Bot., 196, 283-291.
2. Breckle, S.-W. (2002). Walter's Vegetation of the Earth. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
3. Brown, J.H. (1995). Macroecology. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
4. Campbell, J.J.N. (1982). Pears and persimmons: a comparison of temperate forests in Europe and eastern North America. Vegetatio, 49, 85-101.
5. Chuine, I. & Beaubien, E.G. (2001). Phenology is a major determinant of tree species range. Ecol. Lett., 4, 500-510.
6. Davis, M.B. & Shaw, R.G. (2001). Range shifts and adaptive responses to Quaternary climate change. Science, 292, 673-679.
7. Follieri, M., Magri, D. & Sadori, L. (1986). Late Pleistocene Zelkova extinction in central Italy. New Phytol., 103, 269-273.
8. Grubb, P.J. (1987). Global trends in species-richness in terrestrial vegetation: a view from the Northern Hemisphere. In: Organization of Communities Past and Present: the 27th Symposium of the British Ecological Society, Aberystwyth 1986 (eds Gee, J.H.R. & Giller, P.S.). Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp. 99-118.
9. Huntley, B. (1993). Species-richness in north-temperate zone forests. J. Biogeogr., 20, 163-180.
10. Huntley, B., Bartlein, P.J. & Prentice, I.C. (1989). Climatic control of the distribution and abundance of beech (Fagus L.) in Europe and North America. J. Biogeogr., 16, 551-560.
11. Judd, W.S., Campbell, C.S., Kellogg, E.A. & Stevens, P.F. (1999). Plant Systematics: a Phylogenetic Approach. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, USA.
12. Kornas, J. (1972). Corresponding taxa and their ecological background in the forests of temperate Eurasia and North America. In: Taxonomy, Phytogeography and Evolution (ed. Valentine, D.H.). Academic Press, London, pp. 37-59.
13. Krössmann, G. (1968). Die Bäume Europas. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin.
14. Lang, G. (1994). Quartäre Vegetationsgeschichte Europas: Methoden und Ergebnisse. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena.
15. Latham, R.E. & Ricklefs, R.E. (1993a). Continental comparison of temperate-zone tree species richness. In: Species Diversity in Ecological Communities: Historical and Geographical Perspectives (eds Ricklefs, R.E. & Schluter, D. ). The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 294-314.
16. Latham, R.E. & Ricklefs, R.E. (1993b). Global patterns of tree species richness in moist forests: energy-diversity theory does not account for variation in species richness. OIKOS, 67, 325-333.
17. Mabberley, D.Y. (2000). The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants. Cambridge University press, Cambridge.
18. Mai, D.H. (1995). Tertiäre Vegetationsgeschichte Europas - Metoden und Ergebnisse. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena.
19. Manos, P.S. & Stanford, A.M. (2001). The historical biogeography of Fagaceae: tracking the Tertiary history of temperate and subtropical forest of the Northern Hemisphere. Int. J. Plant Sci., 162, 77-S93.
20. Martinetto, E. (2001). The role of central Italy as a centre of refuge for thermophilous plants in the late Cenozoic. Acta Palaeobot., 41, 299-319.
21. Michaux, J., Suc, J.-P. & Vernet, J.-L (1979). Climatic inference from the history of the Taxodiaceae during the Pliocene and the Early Pleistocene in Western Europe. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol., 27, 185-191.
22. Morley, R.J. (2000). Origin and Evolution of Tropical Rain Forests. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
23. Møller, A.P. & Birkhead, T.R. (1992). A pairwise comparative method as illustrated by copulation frequency in birds. Am. Nat., 139, 644-656.
24. Qian, H. & Ricklefs, R.E. (2000). Large-scale processes and the Asian bias in species diversity of temperate plants. Nature, 407, 180-182.
25. Quinn, G.P. & Keough, M.J. (2002). Experimental Design and Data Analysis for Biologists. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
26. Reid, E.M. (1935). British floras antecedent to the Great Ice Age. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B, 118, 197-202.
27. Ricklefs, R.E. & Latham, R.E. (1992). Intercontinental correlation of geographical ranges suggests stasis in ecological traits of relict genera of temperate perennial herbs. Am. Nat., 139, 1305-1321.
28. Ricklefs, R.E. & Latham, R.E. (1999). Global patterns of tree species richness in moist forests: distinguishing ecological influences and historical contingency. OIKOS, 86, 369-373.
29. Sakai, A. & Weiser, C.J. (1973) Freezing resistance of trees in North America with reference to tree regions. Ecology, 54, 118-126.
30. Schönwiese, C.-D. & Rapp, J. (1997). Climate Trend Atlas of Europe Based on Observations 1891-1990. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
31. Stewart, J.R. & Lister, A.M. (2001). Cryptic northern refugia and the origins of the modern biota. Trends Ecol. Evol., 16, 608-613.
32. Suc, J.P. (1984). Origin and evolution of the Mediterranean vegetation and climate in Europe. Nature, 307, 429-432.
33. Sykes, M.T., Prentice, I.C. & Cramer, W. (1996). A bioclimatic model for the potential distributions of north European tree species under present and future climates. J. Biogeogr., 23, 203-233.
34. Taberlet, P. & Cheddadi, R. (2002). Quaternary refugia and persistence of biodiversity. Science, 297, 2009-2010.
35. 14C yr cBP. J. Biogeogr., 27, 665-683.
36. Tallis, J.H. (1991). Plant Community History - Long-term Changes in Plant Distribution and Diversity. Chapman and Hall, London.
37. The European Garden Flora Editorial Committee (1986-2000). The European Garden Flora. A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated in Europe, Both Out-of-doors and Under Glass, vols I-VI. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
38. The Flora Europaea Editorial Committee (eds) (1964-1993). Flora Europaea, vols 1-5. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
39. Thompson, R.S., Anderson, K.H. & Bartlein, P.J. (1999-2000). Atlas of Relations between Climatic Parameters and Distributions of Important Trees and Shrubs in North America. US Geological Survey Professional Papers 1650-A,-B,-C. US Department of Interior, US Geological Survey, Reston, VA.
40. Tzedakis, P.C. (1993). Long-term tree populations in northwest Greece through multiple Quaternary climatic cycles. Nature, 364, 437-440.
41. Utescher, T. & Mosbrugger, V. (2001). Palaeoflora Database (WWW document). URL http://www.geologie.uni-bonn.de/Palaeoflora/
42. Utescher, T., Mosbrugger, V. & Ashraf, A.R. (2000). Terrestrial climate evolution in northwest Germany over the last 25 million years. Palaios, 15, 430-449.
43. Van der Hammen, T., Wijmstra, T.A. & Zagwijn, W.H. (1971). The floral record of the Late Cenozoic of Europe. In: The Late Cenozoic Glacial Ages (ed. Turekian, K.K. ). Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, pp. 391-424.
44. Wang, C.-W. (1961). The Forests of China with a Survey of Grassland and Desert Vegetation. Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
45. Watts, W.A. (1988). Europe. In: Vegetation History (eds Huntley, B. & Webb, T. III). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 155-192.
46. Wen, J. (1999). Evolution of eastern Asian and eastern North American disjunct distributions in flowering plants. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 30, 421-455.
47. Williams, J.W., Webb, T., III, Richard, P.H. & Newby, P. (2000). Late Quaternary biomes of Canada and the eastern United States. J. Biogeogr., 27, 585-607.
48. Willis, K.J. (1996). Where did all the flowers go? The fate of the temperate European flora during glacial periods. Endeavour, 20, 110-114.
49. Willis, K.J. & McElwain, J.C. (2002). The Evolution of Plants. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
50. Willis, K.J., Rudner, E. & Sömegi, P. (2000). The full-glacial forests of central and southeastern Europe. Quatern. Res., 53, 203-213.
51. Woodward, F.I. (1988). Climate and Plant Distribution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
52. Yu, G., Chen, X., Ni, J., Cheddadi, R., Guiot, J., Han, H. et al. (2000). Palaeovegetation of China: a pollen data-based synthesis for the mid-Holocene and last glacial maximum. J. Biogeogr., 27, 635-664.