The role of nutrient availability in regulating root architecture

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

Volumn 6, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 280-287

  López Bucio, José ^a   Cruz Ramírez, Alfredo ^a   Herrera Estrella, Luis ^a  

^a DEPARTAMENTO DE FÍSICA   (Mexico)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0038472440     PISSN: 13695266     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1369-5266(03)00035-9     Document Type: Review

References (37)

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5. Ma Z, Bielenberg DG, Brown KM, Lynch JP: Regulation of root hair density by phosphorus availability in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Environ 2001, 24:459-467. The authors studied the effects of phosphate availability on root-hair formation. They showed that, in Arabidopsis, root-hair density decreases logarithmically in response to increasing P concentrations. The addition of exogenous auxin or 1-aminocyclopropane-carboxylic acid (ACC), an ethylene precursor, to roots grown in high concentrations of P induced the formation of extra root hairs. These treatments had very little effect on plants grown under low P concentrations.
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14. Linkohr BI, Williamson LC, Fitter AH, Leyser O: Nitrate and phosphate availability and distribution have different effects on root system architecture of Arabidopsis. Plant J 2002, 29:751-760. The authors compare the responses of Arabidopsis root architecture to nitrate and phosphate availability. They show that changes in the availability and distribution of these two nutrients have contrasting effects on primary root length and lateral root density, but similar effects on lateral root growth. This work highlights the coordinated root responses that are induced by changing nutrient supply.
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16. Signora L, De Smet I, Foyer CH, Zhang H: ABA plays a central role in mediating the regulatory effects of nitrate on root branching in Arabidopsis. Plant J 2001, 28:655-662. This work provides evidence that ABA plays an important role in mediating the effects of high nitrate accumulation on the systemic inhibition of lateral root growth. The analysis of ABA-related mutants also showed that ABA may play a role in mediating the stimulation of lateral root elongation by local nitrate availability.
17. Krusell L, Madsen HL, Sato S, Aubert G, Genua A, Szczyglowsky K, Duc G, Kaneko T, Tabata S, de Bruijn F et al.: Shoot control of root development and nodulation is mediated by a receptor-like kinase. Nature 2002, 420:422-425. The authors of this paper describe the cloning and expression analysis of the hypernodulation aberrant root (har1) locus of Lotus japonicus. HAR1 encodes a putative serine/threonine receptor kinase that is homologous to the Arabidopsis protein CLAVATA1. Grafting and expression studies support a role for this protein in root-to-shoot signaling and in balancing cell proliferation and differentiation in the root system of Lotus japonicus.
18. Nishimura R, Hayashi M, Guo-Jiang W, Hiroshi K, Haruko IA, Murakami Y, Kawasaki S, Akao S, Ohmori M, Nagasawa M et al.: HAR1 mediates systemic regulation of symbiotic organ development. Nature 2002, 420:426-429. These authors, along with those of [17**], report the cloning and characterization of the HAR1 gene. This gene encodes a putative serine/threonine receptor kinase that is homologous to the Arabidopsis protein CLAVATA1. HAR1 regulates root architecture and nodule formation in Lotus japonicus through a shoot-to-root signalling mechanism that integrates environmental signals into developmental responses.
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23. Williamson L, Ribrioux S, Fitter A, Leyser O: Phosphate availability regulates root system architecture in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 2001, 126:1-8. This study provides new evidence that phosphate availability influences the architecture of the root system. Low P concentration was found to stimulate lateral root growth and to inhibit primary root length. Analysis of the root system of an Arabidopsis mutant that over-accumulates P (pho2) provided evidence that internal P concentration may play a role in the regulation of root growth.
24. López-Bucio J, Hernández-Abreu E, Sánchez-Calderón L, Nieto-Jacobo MF, Simpson J, Herrera-Estrella L: Phosphate availability alters architecture and causes changes in hormone sensitivity in the Arabidopsis root system. Plant Physiol 2002, 129:244-256. The authors analyzed root system architecture under a wide range of P concentrations. They found that P concentrations lower than 50 μM have a dramatic effect on root architecture by stimulating lateral root growth and arresting primary root growth. This work also shows that P deficiency alters root architecture by changing hormone sensitivity and that auxins may have an essential role in this response.
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29. Athikkattuvalasu SK, Varadarajan DK, Mukatira UT, Paino D'Urzo M, Damsz B, Raghothama KG: Regulated expression of Arabidopsis phosphate transporters. Plant Physiol 2002, 130:221-233.
30. Rubio V, Linhares F, Solano R, Martin AC, Iglesias J, Leyva A, Paz-Ares J: A conserved MYB transcription factor involved in phosphate starvation signaling both in vascular plants and in unicellular algae. Genes Dev 2001, 15:2122-2133. The authors report the cloning of the Arabidopsis PHR1 gene, which encodes a transcription factor that is related to the PHOSPHORUS STARVATION RESPONSE1 (PSR1) protein from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PHR1 is able to recognize DNA sequences that are present in low-P-regulated promoters, consistent with its putative role in the Arabidopsis response to P starvation.
31. Kutz A, Muller A, Henning P, Kaiser WM, Piotrowsky M, Weiler EW: A role for nitrilase 3 in the regulation of root morphology in sulphur-starving Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 2002, 30:95-106. The authors report on the effects of sulphate limitation on the Arabidopsis root system. Sulphate deprivation caused an increase in root branching that correlated with the accumulation of NITRILASE3 (NIT3) and glucobrassicin turnover. Expression analysis of the NIT3 promoter fused to the uidA reporter gene (NIT3p::uidA) showed that sulphate deprivation activates NIT3 transcription in both shoots and roots. These results suggest that nitrilase3 could be involved in changes in root architecture that occur in response to sulphate limitation.
32. Himanen K, Boucheron E, Vanneste S, De Almeida Engler J, Inzé D, Beeckman T: Auxin mediated cell cycle activation during early lateral root initiation. Plant Cell 2002, 14:2339-2351.
33. Lynch JP, Brown K: Ethylene and nutritional stress. Physiol Plant 1997, 100:613-619.
34. Gilbert G, Knight JD, Vance CP, Allan DL: Proteoid root development of phosphorus deficient lupin is mimicked by auxin and phosphonate. Annals Bot 2000, 85:921-928.
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36. Chen DL, Delatorre CA, Bakker B, Abel S: Conditional identification of phosphate starvation response mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana. Planta 2000, 211:13-22.
37. Malamy JE, Ryan KS: Environmental regulation of lateral root initiation in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 2001, 127:899-909.