Depression and Trail Making test scores in a sample of cocaine abusers

International Journal of Neuroscience

Volumn 113, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 595-604

  Horton Jr , Arthur MacNeill ^a,b   Roberts, Charles ^a  

^a Center for Mental Health Services   (United States)

^b NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Cocaine abuse; Depression; Derived indices; Trail Making Test

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; ARTICLE; COCAINE DEPENDENCE; COHORT ANALYSIS; DEMOGRAPHY; DEPRESSION; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; EDUCATION; ETHNOLOGY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PSYCHOLOGIC TEST; SCORING SYSTEM; SELF REPORT; SEX RATIO; UNITED STATES;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; COCAINE; COCAINE-RELATED DISORDERS; COGNITION DISORDERS; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; TRAIL MAKING TEST;

EID: 0038405317     PISSN: 00207454     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00207450390162317     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Adams, R., Boake, C., & Crain, C. (1982). Bias in a neuropsychological test classification related to education, age, and ethnicity. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 50, 143-145.
2. Amante, D., VanHouten, V., Grieve, J., Bader, C., & Margules, P. (1977). Neuropsychological deficit, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45(4), 524-535.
3. Army Individual Test battery. (1944). Manual of directions and scoring. Washington, DC: War Department, Adjutant General's Office.
4. Bernard, L. C. (1989) Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological test performance of Black, Hispanic, and White young adult males from poor academic backgrounds. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 4, 267-274.
5. Butler, M., Retzlaff, H. P., & Van der Ploeg, R. (1991). Neuropsychological test usage. Professional Psychology: Theory, Research and Practice, 22, 510-512.
6. Campbell, A. L., Rorie, K. D., Dennis, G., Wood, D., Combs, S., Hearn, L., Davis, H., & Brown, A. (1996). Neuropsychological assessment of African Americans: Conceptual and methodological considerations. In R. Jones (Ed.), Handbook of tests and measurements for black populations. Berkeley: Cobb & Henry.
7. Corrigan, J. D., & Hinkeldey, N. S. (1987). Relationships between parts A and B of the Trail Making Test. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43, 402-409.
8. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2nd ed., Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
9. Davies, A. D. M. (1968). The influence of age on the Trail Making Test performance. Consulting Psychology, 24, 96-98.
10. Etheridge, R. M., Hubbard, R. L., Anderson, J. Craddock, S. G., & Flynn, P. M. (1997). Treatment structure and program services in the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 11, 244-260.
11. Fletcher, B. W., Tims, F., M., & Brown, B. S. (1997). Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study (DATOS): Treatment evaluation research in the United States. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 11, 216-229.
12. Flynn, P. M., Craddock, S. G., Hubbard, R. L., Anderson, J., & Etheridge, R. M. (1997). Methodological overview and research design for the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study (DATOS). Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 11, 230-243.
13. Goul, W. R., & Brown, M. (1970). Effects of age and intelligence on Trail Making Test performance and validity. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 30, 319-326.
14. Heaton, R., Grant, I., & Matthews, C. (1991). Comprehensive norms for an expanded Halstead-Reitan battery. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
15. Heaton, R. K., Nelson, L. M., Thompson, D. S., Burks, J. S., & Franklin, G. M. (1985). Neuropsychological findings in relapsing-remitting and chronic-progressive multiple sclerosis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53, 103-110.
16. Horton, A. M., Jr. (1979). Some suggestions regarding the clinical interpretation of the Trail Making Test. Clinical Neuropsychology, 1, 20-23.
17. Horton, A. M., Jr. (1993). Future directions in the development of addiction assessment instruments. In B. J. Rounsaville, F. M. Tims, A. M. Horton Jr., and B. J. Sowder (Eds.), Diagnostic source book on drug abuse research and treatment (pp. 87-92). Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
18. Horton, A. M., Jr. (1996). Neuropsychology of drug abuse. In R. J. Sbordone and C.J. Long (Eds.), Ecological validity of neuropsychological testing (pp. 357-368). Delray Beach, FL: GR Press/St. Lucie Press.
19. Horton, A. M., Jr., & Wedding, D. (1984). Clinical and behavioral neuropsychology. New York: Praeger.
20. Kennedy, K. J. (1981). Age effects on Trail Making Test performance. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 52, 671-675.
21. Knuckle, E., & Campbell, A. (1984). Suitability of neuropsychological test norms with Black adolescents. Paper presented at the International Neuropsychological Society Meeting, Houston, TX.
22. Lamberty, G. J., Putnam, S. H., Chatel, D. M., Bieliauskas, L. A., & Adams, K. A. (1994). Derived Trail Making Test indices: A preliminary report. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, and Behavioral Neurology, 2, 230-234.
23. Lex, B. W. (1991). Some gender differences in alcohol and polysubstance abusers. Health Psychology, 10(2), 121-132.
24. McCaffrey, R. J., Krahula, M. M., Heimberg, R. G., Keller, K. E., & Purcell, M. J. (1988). A comparison of the Trail Making Test, Symbol Digit Modalities Test and the Hooper Visual Organization Test in an inpatient substance abuse population. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 3, 181-187.
25. Mezzich, J. E., & Moses, J. A. (1980). Efficient screening for brain-dysfunction. Biological Psychiatry, 15, 333-337.
26. Miller, L. (1985). Neuropsychological assessment of substance abusers: Review and recommendations. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 2, 5-17.
27. Nails, G., Disher, A., Dariabagi, J., Zant, Z., & Eisenman, J. (1989). Subcortical cerebral hemorrhages associated with cocaine abuse: CT and MR findings. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, 13, 1-5.
28. O'Mailey, S. S., & Gawin, F. H. (1990). Abstinence symptomatology and neuropsychological deficits in chronic cocaine abusers. In J. W. Spencer and J. J. Boren (Eds.), Residual effects of abused drugs on behavior (pp. 179-190). National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Monograph 101, DHHS Pub. No (ADM) 90-1719. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office.
29. Newman, P. J., & Sweet, J. J. (1992). Depressive disorders. In A. Puente and R. J. McCaffrey (Eds.), Handbook of neuropsychological assessment (pp. 263-307). New York: Plenum Press.
30. Piazza, D. M. (1980). The influence of sex and handedness in the hemispheric specialization of verbal and nonverbal tasks. Neuropsychologia, 18, 163-175.
31. Reitan, R. M. (1955). The relation of the Trail Making Test to organic brain damage. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 19, 393-394.
32. Reitan, R. M. (1958). Validity of the Trail Making Test as an indicator of organic brain damage. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 8, 271-276.
33. Reitan, R. M., & Wolfson, D. (1992). The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery: Theory and clinical interpretation (2nd ed.). Tucson, AZ: Neuropsychology Press.
34. SAS Institute. (1989). SAS/STAT User's Guide (version 6, 4th ed.). Cary, NC: SAS Institute, Inc.
35. Schwartz, K. A., & Cohen, J. A. (1984). Subarachnoid hemorrhage precipitated by cocaine snorting. Archives of Neurology, 41, 705.
36. Sherman, E. M. S., Strauss, E. Slick, D. J., & Spellacy, F. (2000) Effect of depression on neuropsychological functioning in head injury: Measurable but minimal. Brain Injury, 7, 621-632.
37. Soukup, V. M., Ingram, F., Grady, J. J., & Schiess, M. C. (1998). Trail Making Test: Issues in normative data selection. Applied Neuropsychology, 5(2), 65-73.
38. Strickland, T. L., Mena, I., Villanueva-Meyer, J., Miller, B. L., Cummings, J., Mehringer, C. M., et al. (1993). Cerebral perfusion and neuropsychological consequences of chronic cocaine use. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 5, 419-427.
39. Struss, D. T., Bisschop, S. M., Alexander, M. P., Levine, B., Katz, D., & Izukawa, D. (2001). The Trail Making Test: A study in focal lesion patients. Psychological Assessment, 13(2), 230-239.
40. Wojak, J. C., & Flamm, E. S. (1987). Intracranial hemorrhage and cocaine abuse. Stroke, 18, 712-715.
41. Volkow, N. D., Mullani, N., Gould, K. L., Adler, S., & Krajewski, K. (1988). Cerebral blood flow in chronic cocaine users: A study with positron emission tomography. British Journal of Psychiatry, 152, 641-648.