Higher-order organization by mesoscale self-assembly and transformation of hybrid nanostructures

Angewandte Chemie - International Edition

Volumn 42, Issue 21, 2003, Pages 2350-2365

  Cölfen, Helmut ^b   Mann, Stephen ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^b MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE OF COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES   (Germany)

Author keywords

Biomineralization; Crystal growth; Materials science; Self assembly; Solid state chemistry

Indexed keywords

AGGLOMERATION; CRYSTALLIZATION; SELF ASSEMBLY; SINGLE CRYSTALS;

BIOMINERALIZATION;

NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS;

BIOMINERALIZATION; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL; CRYSTALLIZATION; MOLECULAR INTERACTION; NANOTECHNOLOGY; REVIEW; SOLID STATE; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS; SYNTHESIS;

EID: 0038343607     PISSN: 14337851     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/anie.200200562     Document Type: Review

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127. The loose translation of biomineralization concepts has inspired the synthesis-with-construction of organized nanostructures, oriented crystal arrays, microarchitectures with complex form, and hierarchical materials with structure and form extending across many length scales (A. H. Heuer, D. J. Fink, V. J. Laraia, J. L. Arias, P. D. Calvert, K. Kendall, G. L. Messing, J. Blackwell, P. C. Rieke, D. H. Thompson, A. P. Wheeler, A. Veis, A. I. Caplan, Science 1992, 255, 1098-1105; S. Mann, G. A. Ozin, Nature 1996, 382, 313-318; S. Mann, Nature 1993, 365, 499-505; S. Mann, S. L. Burkett, S. A. Davis, C. E. Fowler, N. H. Mendelson, S. D. Sims, D. Walsh, N. T. Whilton, Chem. Mater. 1997, 9, 2300-2310).
128. The loose translation of biomineralization concepts has inspired the synthesis-with-construction of organized nanostructures, oriented crystal arrays, microarchitectures with complex form, and hierarchical materials with structure and form extending across many length scales (A. H. Heuer, D. J. Fink, V. J. Laraia, J. L. Arias, P. D. Calvert, K. Kendall, G. L. Messing, J. Blackwell, P. C. Rieke, D. H. Thompson, A. P. Wheeler, A. Veis, A. I. Caplan, Science 1992, 255, 1098-1105; S. Mann, G. A. Ozin, Nature 1996, 382, 313-318; S. Mann, Nature 1993, 365, 499-505; S. Mann, S. L. Burkett, S. A. Davis, C. E. Fowler, N. H. Mendelson, S. D. Sims, D. Walsh, N. T. Whilton, Chem. Mater. 1997, 9, 2300-2310).
129. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
130. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
131. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
132. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
133. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
134. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
135. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
136. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
137. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
138. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
139. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
140. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
141. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
142. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
143. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
144. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
145. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new
146. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
147. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).
148. Potential spin-offs from biomineral-inspired research include; a) oriented nucleation of inorganic crystals and thin films using functionalied organic surfaces ((B. R. Heywood, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 9-20; I. A. Aksay, M. Trau, S. Manne, I. Honma, N. Yao, L. Zhou, P. Fenter, P. M. Eisenberger, S. M. Gruner, Science 1996, 273, 892-898; J. Yang, F. C. Meldrum, J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 5500-5504; J. Aizenberg, A. J. Black, G. M. Whitesides, Nature 1999, 398, 495-498), b) use of bioorganic supramolecular structures, such as vesicles and lipid tubules, to direct the nucleation and growth of shaped inorganic materials (D. D. Archibald, S. Mann, Nature 1993, 364, 430-433; P. T. Tanev, T. J. Pinnavaia, Science 1996, 271, 1267-1269; J. D. Hartgerink, E. Beniash, S. I. Stupp, Science 2001, 294, 1684-1688; A. M. Seddon, H. M. Patel, S. L. Burkett, S. Mann, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 3114-3117; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2988-2991), c) new developments in the design of additives, such as block copolymers and dendrimers for control of crystal habit (ref. [57] and H. Cölfen, L. M. Qi, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 106-116; H. Cölfen, M. Antonietti, Langmuir 1998, 14, 582-589; J. J. J. M. Donners, B. R. Heywood, E. W. Meijer, R. J. M. Nolte, C. Roman, A. P. H. J. Schenning, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1937-1938; K. Naka, Y. Tanaka, Y. Chujo, Y. Ito, Chem. Commun. 1999, 1931-1932; J. M. Marentette, J. Norwig, E. Stockelmann, W. H. Meyer, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 647-651; K. L. Robinson, J. W. V. M. Weaver, S. P. Armes, E. D. Marti, F. C. Meldrum, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 890-896), and d) developments in the laboratory synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form by using organized reaction systems (D. Walsh, S. Mann, Nature 1995, 377, 320-323; D. Walsh, J. D. Hopwood, S. Mann, Science 1994, 264, 1576-1578; D. Walsh, B. Lebeau, S. Mann, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 324-328; T. Hirai, S. Hariguchi, I. Komasawa, R. J. Davey, Langmuir 1997, 13, 6650-6653; L. B. Gower, D. A. Tirrell, J. Cryst. Growth 1998, 191, 153-160).