Carnitine and athletic performance;Carnitine et performance physique

Science and Sports

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 125-133

  Le Borgne, F ^a   Demarquoy, J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE BOURGOGNE   (France)

Author keywords

Athletic performance; Carnitine; Muscle; Nutrition

Indexed keywords

CARNITINE;

BIOCHEMISTRY; CELL FUNCTION; CLINICAL TRIAL; DATA ANALYSIS; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; HUMAN; INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT; META ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; MUSCLE CELL; MUSCLE FUNCTION; MYOPATHY; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; OXIDATION KINETICS; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TASK PERFORMANCE;

EID: 0038267935     PISSN: 07651597     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0765-1597(03)00115-1     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Arenas J, Ricoy JR, Encinas AR, Pola P, D'Iddio S, Zeviani M, et al. Carnitine in muscle, semm, and urine of nonprofessional athletes: effects of physical exercise, training, and L-carnitine administration. Muscle Nerve 1991;14:598-604.
2. Bach AC, Schirardin H, Sihr MO, Storck D. Free and total carnitine in human serum after oral ingestion of L-carnitine. Diabete Metab 1983; 9:121-4.
3. Barnett C, Costill DL, Vukovich MD, Cole KJ, Goodpaster BH, Trappe SW, et al. Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on muscle and blood carnitine content and lactate accumulation during high-intensity sprint cycling. Int J Sport Nutr 1994;4:280-8.
4. Bieber LL, Emaus R, Valkner K, Farrell S. Possible functions of short-chain and medium-chain carnitine acyltransferases. Fed Proc 1982;41:2858-62.
5. Borum PR. Carnitine in neonatal nutrition. J Child Neurol 1995; 10(Suppl 2):S25-31.
6. Brass EP. Pharmacokinetic considerations for the therapeutic use of carnitine in hemodialysis patients. Clin Ther 1995;17:176-85 discussion 5.
7. Brass EP. Supplemental carnitine and exercise. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 72:618S-23S.
8. Brass EP, Hiatt WR. Carnitine metabolism during exercise. Life Sci 1994;54:1383-93.
9. Breningstall GN, Carnitine deficiencysyndromes. Pediatr Neurol 1990;6:75-81.
10. Brooks GA. Mammalian fuel utilization during sustained exercise. Comp Biochem Biophys Part B 1998;120:89-107.
11. Carter HE, Bhattacharyya PK, Weidman KR, Fraenkel G. Chemical studies on vitamin BT isolation and characterization as carnitine. Arch Biochem Biophys 1952:38:405-16.
12. Colombani P, Wenk C, Kunz I, Krahenbuhl S, Kuhnt M, Arnold M, et al. Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on physical performance and energy metabolism of endurance-trained athletes: a double-blind crossover field study. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1996;73:434-9.
13. De Vivo DC, Tein I. Primary and secondary disorders of carnitine metabolism. Intemat Pediatr 1990:5:134-41.
14. Decombaz J, Deriaz O, Acheson K, Gmuender B, Jequier E. Effect of L-carnitine on submaximal exercise metabolism after depletion of muscle glycogen. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1993;25:733-40.
15. Dragan GI, Vasiliu A, Georgescu E, Dumas I. Studies concerning chronic and acute effects of L-carnitine on some biological parameters in elite athletes. Physiologic 1987;24:23-8.
16. Dubelaar MLGJF, De Jong YF, Van der Veen FH, Hulsmann WC. L-carnitine combined with minimal electrical stimulation promotes type transformation of canine latissimus dorsi. J Appl Physiol 1994; 76:1636-42.
17. Engel AG, Angelini C. Carnitine deficiency of human skeletal muscle with associated lipid storage myopathy: a new syndrome. Science 1973;179:899-902.
18. Galland S, Le Borgne F, Bouchard F, Georges B, Clouet P, Grand-Jean F, et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of the cDNA encoding the rat liver gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999;1441:85-92.
19. Galland S, Le Borgne F, Georges B, Demarquoy J. Carnitine cellular and molecular aspects. Recent Res Devel Lipids 2001;5:1-14.
20. Galland S, Le Borgne F, Guyonnet D, Clouet P, Demarquoy J. Purification and characterization of the rat liver gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase. Mol Cell Biochem 1998;178:163-8.
21. Gorostiaga EM, Maurer CA, Eclache JP. Decrease in respiratory quotient during exercise following L-carnitine supplementation. Int J Sports Med 1989;10:169-74.
22. Greig C, Finch KM, Jones DA, Cooper M, Sargeant AJ, Forte CA. The effect of oral supplementation with L-carnitine on maximum and submaximum exercise capacity. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1987;56:457-60.
23. Gross CJ, Henderson LM. Absorption of D- and L-carnitine by the intestine and kidneytubule in the rat. Biochim Biophys Acta 1984; 772:209-19.
24. Harper P, Elwin CE, Cederblad G. Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral bolus doses of L-carnitine in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1988;35:555-62.
25. Hiatt WR, Regensteiner JG, Wolfel EE, Ruff L, Brass EP Carnitine and acylcarnitine metabolism during exercise in humans, Dependence on skeletal muscle metabolic state. J Clin Invest 1989;84:1167-73.
26. Jong-Yeon K, Hickner RCGLDJAH. Long- and medium-chain fatty acid oxidation is increased in exercise-trained human skeletal muscle. Metabolism 2002;51:460-4.
27. Karpati G, Carpenter S, Engel AG, Watters G, Allen J, Rothman S, et al. The syndrome of systemic carnitine deficiency, Clinical, morphologic, biochemical, and pathophysiologic features. Neurology 1975;25:16-24.
28. Lahjouji K, Mitchell GA, Qureshi IA. Carnitine transport by organic cation transporters and systemic carnitine deficiency. Mol Genet Metab 2001;73:287-97.
29. Lazarow PB. Rat liver peroxisomes catalyze the beta oxidation of fatty acids. J Biol Chem 1978;253:1522-8.
30. Marconi C, Sassi G, Carpinelli A, Cerretelli P. Effects of L-carnitine loading on the aerobic and anaerobic performance of endurance athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1985;54:131-5.
31. Markwell MA. McGroarty EJ, Bieber LL, Tolbert NE. The subcellular distribution of carnitine acyltransferases in mammalian liver and kidney, A new peroxisomal enzyme. J Biol Chem 1973;248:3426-32.
32. Natali A, Santoro D, Brandi LS, Faraggiana D, Ciociaro D, Pecori N, et al. Effects of acute hypercarnitinemia during increased fatty substrate oxidation in man. Metabolism 1993;42:594-600.
33. Oyono-Enguelle S, Freund H, Ott C, Gartner M, Heitz A, Marbach J, et al. Prolonged submaximal exercise and L-carnitine in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1988;58:53-61.
34. Rebouche CJ. Carnitine function and requirements during the life cycle. Faseb J 1992;6:3379-86.
35. Rebouche CJ, Chenard CA. Metabolic late of dietary carnitine in human adults: identification and quantification of urinary and fecal metabolites. J Nutr 1991;121:539-46.
36. Rebouche CJ, Mack DL, Edmonson PF. L- Carnitine dissimilation in the gastrointestinal tract of the rat. Biochemistry 1984;23:6422-6.
37. Scholte HR, Rodrigues Pereira R, de Jonge PC, Luyt-Houwen IE, Hedwig M, Verduin M, et al. Primary carnitine deficiency. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1990;28:351-7.
38. Siliprandi N, Di Lisa F, Pieralisi G, Ripari P, Maccari F, Menabo R, et al. Metabolic changes induced by maximal exercise in human subjects following L-carnitine administration. Biochim Biophys Acta 1990;1034:17-21.
39. Soop M, Bjorkman O, Cederblad G, Hagenfeldt L, Walhren J. Influence of carnitine supplementation on muscle substrate and carnitine metabolism during exercise. J Appl Physiol 1988;64:2394-9.
40. Stanley CA, DeLeeuw S, Coates PM, Vianey-Liaud C, Divry P, Bonnefont JP, et al. Chronic cardiomyopathy and weakness or acute coma in children with a defect in carnitine uptake. Ann Neurol 1991; 30:709-16.
41. Trappe SW, Costill DL, Goodpaster B, Vukovich MD, Fink WJ. The effects of L-carnitine supplementation on performance during interval swimming. Int J Sports Med 1994;15:181-5.
42. Vaz FM, Wanders RJ. Carnitine biosynthesis in mammals. Biochem J 2002;361:417-29.
43. Vecchiet L, Di Lisa F, Pieralisi G, Ripari P, Menabo R, Giamberardino MA, et al. Influence of L-carnitine administration on maximal physical exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1990;61:486-90.
44. Vukovich MD, Costill DL, Fink WJ. Carnitine supplementation: effect on muscle carnitine and glycogen content during exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1994;26:1122-9.
45. Wachter S, Vogt M, Kreis R, Boesch C, Bigler P, Hoppeler H, et al. Long-term administration of L-carnitine to humans: effect on skeletal muscle carnitine content and physical perfomance. Clin Chim Acta 2002;318:51-61.
46. Westerblad HADG, Lannergen J. Muscle fatigue: lactic acid or inorganic phosphate the major cause? News Physiol Sci 2002;17:17-21.
47. Wyss V, Ganzit GP, Rienzi A. Effects of L-carnitine administration on VO2max and the aerobic-anaerobic threshold in normoxia and acute hypoxia. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1990;60:1-6.
48. Zammit VA, Fraser F, Orstorphine CG. Regulation of mitochondrial outer-membrane carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT I): role of membrane-topology. Adv Enzyme Regul 1997;37:295-317.