Computerized temporal handwriting characteristics of proficient and non-proficient handwriters

American Journal of Occupational Therapy

Volumn 57, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 129-138

  Rosenblum, Sara ^a,b   Parush, Shula ^a   Weiss, Patrice L ^b  

^a HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM   (Israel)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HAIFA   (Israel)

Author keywords

Computer; Dysgraphia; Evaluation

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; COMPUTER ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; HANDWRITING; HUMAN; MALE; MEASUREMENT; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; QUESTIONNAIRE; SCHOOL CHILD; STUDENT; TASK PERFORMANCE; TEACHER; TIME; VELOCITY; AGRAPHIA; CHILD; COMPARATIVE STUDY; COMPUTER; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; ISRAEL; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE;

AGRAPHIA; CHILD; COMPUTERS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HANDWRITING; HUMANS; ISRAEL; MALE; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; QUESTIONNAIRES;

EID: 0038143351     PISSN: 02729490     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5014/ajot.57.2.129     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Alston, J. (1983). A legibility index: Can handwriting be measured? Educational Review, 35, 237-242.
2. Amundson, S. J. (1993). Handwriting: Evaluation and intervention in school settings. In J. Case-Smith & C. Pehoski (Eds.), Development of hand skills in children (pp. 63-78). Rockville, MD: American Occupational Therapy Association.
3. Amundson, S. J., & Weil, M. (1996). Prewriting and handwriting skills. In J. Case-Smith, A. S. Allen, & P. Nuse Pratt (Eds.), Occupational therapy for children (pp. 524-541). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
4. Amundson, S. J., & Weil, M. (2001). Prewriting and handwriting skills. In J. Case-Smith., A. S. Allen, & P. Nuse Pratt (Eds.), Occupational therapy for children (pp. 545-566). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
5. Ayres, L. (1912). A scale for measuring the quality of handwriting of school children. New York: Russel Sage Foundation.
6. Benbow, M. (1995). Principles and practices of teaching handwriting. In A. Henderson & C. Pehoski (Eds.), Hand function in the child (pp. 255-281). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
7. Berninger, V. W., Mizokawa, D., & Bragg, R. (1991). Theory-based diagnosis and remediation of writing. Journal of School Psychology, 29, 57-59.
8. Berninger, V., Vaughn, K., Abbott, R., Abbott, S., Rogan, L., Brooks, A., et al. (1997). Treatment of handwriting problems in beginning writers: Transfer from handwriting to composition. Journal of Educational Psychology, 89, 652-666.
9. Cermak, S. A. (1991). Somatodyspraxia. In A. G. Fisher, E. A. Murray, & A. C. Bundy, (Eds.), Sensory integration: Theory and practice (pp. 137-170). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
10. Cornhill, H., & Case-Smith, J. (1996). Factors that relate to good and poor handwriting. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 50, 732-739.
11. Erez, N., & Parush, S. (1999). The Hebrew Handwriting Evaluation (2nd ed.). Jerusalem, Israel: Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
12. Erez, N., Yochman, A., & Parush, S. (1996). The Hebrew Handwriting Evaluation. Jerusalem, Israel: Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
13. Freeman, F. N. (1959). A new handwriting scale. Elementary School Journal, 59, 218-221.
14. Graham, S., & Weintraub, N. (1996). A review of handwriting research: Progress and prospects from 1980-1994. Educational Psychology Review, 8, 7-86.
15. Groff, P. G. (1961). New spectrum of handwriting. Elementary English, 38, 564-565.
16. Hamstra-Bletz, L., & Blote, A. (1993). A longitudinal study on dysgraphic handwriting in primary school. Journal of Learning Disability, 26, 689-699.
17. Hamstra-Bletz, L., DeBie, J., & Den Brinker, B. (1987). Concise Evaluation Scale for children's handwriting. Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
18. Henderson, S. E., Stott, D. H., & Moyes, F. A. (1992). Movement assessment battery for children (M-ABC). London: The Psychological Corporation.
19. Kaminsky, S., & Powers, R. (1981). Remediation of handwriting difficulties: A practical approach. Academic Therapy, 17, 19-25.
20. Larsen, S. C., & Hammill, D. P. (1989). Test of legible handwriting. In L. Richards & C. Croft (Eds.), The best of "set" assessment. Wellington, New Zealand: New Zealand Council for Educational Research.
21. Levine, M. (1987). Developmental variation and learning disorders. Cambridge, MA: Educators Publishing.
22. Longstaff, M. G., & Heath, R. A. (1997). Space-time invariance in adult handwriting. Acta Psychologica, 97, 201-214.
23. McHale, K., & Cermak, S. A. (1992). Fine motor activities in elementary school: Preliminary findings and provisional implications for children with fine motor problems. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 46, 892-898.
24. Modlinger, I. (1983). Kshayey ktiva itur ivhun vedarkey tipul [Disorders of written language: Diagnosis and remedial teaching]. Tel Aviv, Israel: Sifriyat Hapoalim.
25. Oliver, C. E. (1990). A sensorimotor program for improving writing readiness skills in elementary age children. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 44, 111-116.
26. Phelps, J., & Stempel, L. (1987). The children handwriting evaluation scale for manuscript writing. Dallas, TX: Texas Scottish Hospital for Crippled Children.
27. Phelps, J., Stempel, L., & Speck, G. (1985). The children's handwriting scale: A new diagnostic tool. Journal of Educational Research, 79, 46-50.
28. Reisman, J. E. (1991). Poor handwriting, who is refereed? American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 45, 849-852.
29. Reisman, J. E. (1993). Development and reliability of the research version of the Minnesota Handwriting Test. Physical and Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 13, 41-55.
30. Rosenblum, S., Jessel, A., Adi-Japha, E., Parush, P., & Weiss, P. (1997). Quantitative characteristics of the handwriting of "normal" and dysgraphic children in Hebrew script. In A. M. Colla, F. Masulli, & P. Morasso (Eds.), IGS proceedings - Eight Binnial Conference of the International Graphonomics Society (pp. 71-72). Nijmegen, The Netherlands: IGS Society.
31. Rubin, N., & Henderson, S. E. (1982). Two sides of the same coin: Variation in teaching methods and failure to learn to write. Special Education: Forward Trends, 9, 17-24.
32. Schoemaker, M. M., Schellekens, J. M. H., Kalverboer, A. F., & Kooistra, L. (1994). Pattern drawing by clumsy children: A problem of movement control. In M. L. Simner, W. Hulstujin, & P. Girouard (Eds.), Contemporary issues in the forensic, developmental, and neurological aspects of handwriting. (Monograph of the Association of Forensic Document Examiners, Vol. 1., pp. 43-64). Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Association of Forensic Document Examiners.
33. Schoemaker, M. M., & Smits-Engelsman, B. C. M. (1997). Dysgraphic children with and without a generalized motor problem: Evidence for subtypes?. In F. Colla, F. Masulli, & P. Morasso (Eds.), IGS 1997 proceedings: Eight Biannual Conference (pp. 11-12). The International Graphonomics Society. Nijmegen, The Netherlands: IGS.
34. Smits-Engelsman, B. C. M., Niemeijer, A. S., & Van Galen, P. (2001). Fine motor deficiencies in children diagnosed as DCD based on poor grapho-motor ability. Human Movement Science, 20; 161-182.
35. Smits-Engelsman, B. C. M., & Van Galen, G. P. (1997). Dysgraphia in children: Lasting psychomotor deficiency or transient developmental delay? Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 67, 164-184.
36. Smits-Engelsman, B. C. M., Van Galen, G. P., & Michelis, C. G. J. (1995). De leerkacht beoordeeld: Inschatting van schrijvaardigheidsproblemen en motorisch achterstand bij basisschool leerlingen [Prevalence of poor handwriting and the validity of estimation of motor proficiency and handwriting performance by teachers]. Tijdschrift voor Onderwijsresearch, 20, 1-15.
37. Smits-Engelsman, B. C. M., Van Galen, G. P., & Portier, S. J. (1994). Psychomotor aspects of poor handwriting in children. In M. L. Simner, W. Hulstijn, & P. L. Girouard (Eds.), Contemporary issues in the forensic, developmental, and neurological aspects of handwriting. (Monograph of the Association of Forensic Document Examiners, Vol. 1, pp. 17-42). Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Association of Forensic Document Examiners.
38. Smits-Engelsman, B. C. M., Van Galen, G. P., & Schoemaker, M. M. (1998). Theory-based diagnosis and subclassification in the developmental coordination disorder. In J. Rispens, T. A. Van Yperen, & W. Yule (Eds.), Perspective on the classification of specific developmental disorders. London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
39. Sovik, N., Arntzen, O., & Thygesen, R. (1987a). Relation of spelling and writing in learning disabilities. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 64, 219-236.
40. Sovik, N., Arntzen, O., & Thygesen, R. (1987b). Writing characteristics of "normal" dyslexic and dysgraphic children. Journal of Human Movement Studies, 13, 171-187.
41. Sovik, N., Maeland, F., & Karlsdottir, R. (1989). Contextual factors and writing performance of "normal" and dysgraphic children. In R. Plamondon, C. Y. Suen, & M. L. Simner (Eds.), Computer recognition and human production of handwriting (pp. 333-347). Singapore: World Scientific.
42. Thomassen, A. J., & Teulings, S. H. L. (1985). Time, size, and shape in handwriting: Exploring spatio-temporal relationships at different levels. In A. Michon, & J. B. Jackson (Eds.), Time, mind and behavior (pp. 253-263). Berlin, Germany: Springer.
43. Tseng, M. H., & Cermak, S. H. (1993). The influence of ergonomic factors and perceptual-motor abilities on handwriting performance. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 47, 982-988.
44. Tseng, M. H., & Chow, S. M. K. (2000). Perceptual-motor function of school-age children with slow handwriting speed. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 54, 83-88.
45. Tseng, M. H., & Hsueh, I. P. (1997). Performance of school-age children on a Chinese Handwriting Speed Test. Occupational Therapy International, 4, 294-303.
46. Van Galen, G. P. (1991). Handwriting: Issues for a psychomotor theory. Human Movement Science, 10, 165-192.
47. Van Galen, G. P., Portier, S. J., Smits-Engelsman, B. C. M., & Shomaker, L. R. B. (1993). Neuromotor noise and poor handwriting in children. Acta Psychologica, 82, 161-178.
48. Wallen, M., Bonney, M. A., & Lennox, L. (1996). Handwriting speed test. Occupational Therapy Journal of Research, 17, 280-287.
49. Wann, J. P. (1987). Trends in the refinement and optimization of fine-motor trajectories: Observations from an analysis of the handwriting of primary school children. Journal of Motor Behavior, 19, 13-37.
50. Wann, J. P., & Jones, J. G. (1986). Space-time invariance in handwriting: Contrasts between primary school children displaying advanced or retarded handwriting acquisition. Human Movement Science, 5, 275-296.
51. Wann, J. P., & Kardirkmanathan, M. (1991). Variability in children's handwriting computer diagnosis of writing difficulties. In J. Wann, A. M. Wing, & N. Sovik (Eds.), Development of graphic skills (pp. 223-236). London: Academic Press.
52. Ziviani, J. (1984). Some elaborations on handwriting speed in 7 to 14 years olds. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 58, 535-539.
53. Ziviani, J., & Elkins, J. (1984). An evaluation of handwriting performance. Educational Review, 36, 249-263.
54. Ziviani, J., & Watson-Will, A. (1998). Writing speed and legibility of 7-14-year-old school students using modern cursive script. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 45, 59-64.