메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 85-97

Bipolar depression: Criteria for treatment selection, definition of refractoriness, and treatment options

Author keywords

Antidepressants; Atypical antipsychotics; Bipolar depression; Lamotrigine; Lithium; Manic swith; Refractoriness; Treatment selection; Valproate

Indexed keywords

AMFEBUTAMONE; ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT; CARBAMAZEPINE; DESIPRAMINE; FLUOXETINE; FLUVOXAMINE; GABAPENTIN; IMIPRAMINE; LAMOTRIGINE; LITHIUM; MAPROTILINE; MOCLOBEMIDE; MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR; NEFAZODONE; OLANZAPINE; PAROXETINE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; SERTRALINE; TOPIRAMATE; TRANYLCYPROMINE; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; VALPROIC ACID; VENLAFAXINE;

EID: 0037943892     PISSN: 13985647     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-5618.2003.00019.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (52)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 0028281080 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of divalproex vs lithium and placebo in the treatment of mania
    • The Depakote Mania Study Group [published erratum appears in JAMA 1994 June 15; 271 (23): 1830] [see comments]
    • Bowden CL, Brugger AM, Swann AC et al. Efficacy of divalproex vs lithium and placebo in the treatment of mania. The Depakote Mania Study Group [published erratum appears in JAMA 1994 June 15; 271 (23): 1830] [see comments]. JAMA 1994; 271: 918-924.
    • (1994) JAMA , vol.271 , pp. 918-924
    • Bowden, C.L.1    Brugger, A.M.2    Swann, A.C.3
  • 2
    • 0003705832 scopus 로고
    • Manic Depressive Illness
    • Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Goodwin FK, Jamison KR. Manic Depressive Illness. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990.
    • (1990)
    • Goodwin, F.K.1    Jamison, K.R.2
  • 3
    • 0011572304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divalproex versus placebo for the treatment of bipolar depression
    • Presented at the ACNP, Puerto Rico, December
    • Sachs GS, Altshuler L, Ketter TA et al. Divalproex versus placebo for the treatment of bipolar depression. Presented at the ACNP, Puerto Rico, December 2001.
    • (2001)
    • Sachs, G.S.1    Altshuler, L.2    Ketter, T.A.3
  • 4
    • 0024741177 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of fluoxetine imipramine and placebo in patients with bipolar depressive disorder
    • Cohn JB, Collins G, Ashbrook E, Wernicke JF. A comparison of fluoxetine imipramine and placebo in patients with bipolar depressive disorder. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1989; 4: 313-322.
    • (1989) Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. , vol.4 , pp. 313-322
    • Cohn, J.B.1    Collins, G.2    Ashbrook, E.3    Wernicke, J.F.4
  • 5
    • 0019957843 scopus 로고
    • A double-blind study of tranylcypromine treatment of major anergic depression
    • Himmelhoch JM, Fuchs CZ, Symons BJ. A double-blind study of tranylcypromine treatment of major anergic depression. J Nerv Ment Dis 1982; 170: 628-634.
    • (1982) J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. , vol.170 , pp. 628-634
    • Himmelhoch, J.M.1    Fuchs, C.Z.2    Symons, B.J.3
  • 6
    • 0015662785 scopus 로고
    • Lithium carbonate and imipramine in prevention of affective episodes. A comparison in recurrent affective illness
    • Prien RF, Klett CJ, Caffey EM Jr. Lithium carbonate and imipramine in prevention of affective episodes. A comparison in recurrent affective illness. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1973; 29: 420-425.
    • (1973) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.29 , pp. 420-425
    • Prien, R.F.1    Klett, C.J.2    Caffey E.M., Jr.3
  • 7
    • 0028219215 scopus 로고
    • Induction of mania with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants
    • [see comments]
    • Peet M. Induction of mania with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants [see comments]. Br J Psychiatry 1994; 164: 549-550.
    • (1994) Br. J. Psychiatry , vol.164 , pp. 549-550
    • Peet, M.1
  • 8
    • 0023866339 scopus 로고
    • Rapid cycling affective disorder: Contributing factors and treatment responses in 51 patients
    • Wehr TA, Sack DA, Rosenthal NE, Cowdry RW. Rapid cycling affective disorder: contributing factors and treatment responses in 51 patients. Am J Psychiatry 1988; 145: 179-184.
    • (1988) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.145 , pp. 179-184
    • Wehr, T.A.1    Sack, D.A.2    Rosenthal, N.E.3    Cowdry, R.W.4
  • 9
    • 0018354389 scopus 로고
    • Rapid cycling in manic-depressives induced by tricyclic antidepressants
    • Wehr TA, Goodwin FK. Rapid cycling in manic-depressives induced by tricyclic antidepressants. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1979; 36: 555-559.
    • (1979) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.36 , pp. 555-559
    • Wehr, T.A.1    Goodwin, F.K.2
  • 10
    • 0020624277 scopus 로고
    • Rapid cyclers, temperament, and antidepressants
    • Kukopulos A, Caliari B, Tundo A et al. Rapid cyclers, temperament, and antidepressants. Compr Psychiatry 1983; 24: 249-258.
    • (1983) Compr. Psychiatry , vol.24 , pp. 249-258
    • Kukopulos, A.1    Caliari, B.2    Tundo, A.3
  • 11
    • 0033696203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind, placebo-controlled, prophylaxis study of lamotrigine in rapid-cycling bipolar disorder
    • Lamictal 614 Study Group
    • Calabrese JR, Suppes T, Bowden CL et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, prophylaxis study of lamotrigine in rapid-cycling bipolar disorder. Lamictal 614 Study Group. J Clin Psychiatry 2000; 61: 841-850.
    • (2000) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.61 , pp. 841-850
    • Calabrese, J.R.1    Suppes, T.2    Bowden, C.L.3
  • 12
    • 0034960809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bipolar rapid cycling: Focus on depression as its hallmark
    • Calabrese JR, Shelton MD, Bowden CL et al. Bipolar rapid cycling: focus on depression as its hallmark. J Clin Psychiatry 2001; 62 (Suppl. 14): 34-41.
    • (2001) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.62 , Issue.SUPPL. 14 , pp. 34-41
    • Calabrese, J.R.1    Shelton, M.D.2    Bowden, C.L.3
  • 13
    • 0028825413 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of acute bipolar depression: A review of the literature
    • Srisurapanont M, Yatham LN, Zis AP. Treatment of acute bipolar depression: a review of the literature. Can J Psychiatry 1995; 40: 533-544.
    • (1995) Can. J. Psychiatry , vol.40 , pp. 533-544
    • Srisurapanont, M.1    Yatham, L.N.2    Zis, A.P.3
  • 14
    • 0014340682 scopus 로고
    • The use of lithium in affective disorders. I. Acute endogenous depression
    • Fieve RR, Platman SR, Plutchik RR. The use of lithium in affective disorders. I. Acute endogenous depression. Am J Psychiatry 1968; 125: 487-491.
    • (1968) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.125 , pp. 487-491
    • Fieve, R.R.1    Platman, S.R.2    Plutchik, R.R.3
  • 15
    • 0018293037 scopus 로고
    • Controlled studies of the acute antidepressant effects of lithium
    • Worrall EP, Moody JP, Peet M et al. Controlled studies of the acute antidepressant effects of lithium. Br J Psychiatry 1979; 135: 255-262.
    • (1979) Br. J. Psychiatry , vol.135 , pp. 255-262
    • Worrall, E.P.1    Moody, J.P.2    Peet, M.3
  • 16
    • 0016779714 scopus 로고
    • Double-blind comparison of lithium carbonate and imipramine in treatment of depression
    • Watanabe S, Ishino H, Otsuki S. Double-blind comparison of lithium carbonate and imipramine in treatment of depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1975; 32: 659-668.
    • (1975) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.32 , pp. 659-668
    • Watanabe, S.1    Ishino, H.2    Otsuki, S.3
  • 17
    • 0015293251 scopus 로고
    • A controlled study of the antidepressant effects of lithium carbonate
    • Mendels J, Secunda SK, Dyson WL. A controlled study of the antidepressant effects of lithium carbonate. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1972; 26: 154-157.
    • (1972) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.26 , pp. 154-157
    • Mendels, J.1    Secunda, S.K.2    Dyson, W.L.3
  • 18
    • 0037385145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A placebo-controlled 18-month trial of lamotrigine and lithium maintenance treatment in recently manic or hypomanic patients with bipolar 1 disorder
    • (in press)
    • Bowden CL, Calabrese JR, Sachs G et al. A placebo-controlled 18-month trial of lamotrigine and lithium maintenance treatment in recently manic or hypomanic patients with bipolar 1 disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2003; (in press).
    • (2003) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry
    • Bowden, C.L.1    Calabrese, J.R.2    Sachs, G.3
  • 19
    • 4243616007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A placebo controlled 18-month trial of lamotrigine and lithium maintenance treatment in recently depressed patients with bipolar disorder
    • Yatham LN, Bhnke K, Timotijevic I, Naukkarinnen H, Bowden C, Thavethiran I. A placebo controlled 18-month trial of lamotrigine and lithium maintenance treatment in recently depressed patients with bipolar disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacology 2002; 5 (Suppl. 1) S58.
    • (2002) Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.5 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Yatham, L.N.1    Bhnke, K.2    Timotijevic, I.3    Naukkarinnen, H.4    Bowden, C.5    Thavethiran, I.6
  • 20
    • 0015593001 scopus 로고
    • Prophylactic efficacy of lithium carbonate in manic-depressive illness
    • Report of the Veterans Administration and National Institute of Mental Health collaborative study group
    • Prien RF, Caffey EM Jr, Klett CJ. Prophylactic efficacy of lithium carbonate in manic-depressive illness. Report of the Veterans Administration and National Institute of Mental Health collaborative study group. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1973; 28: 337-341.
    • (1973) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.28 , pp. 337-341
    • Prien, R.F.1    Caffey E.M., Jr.2    Klett, C.J.3
  • 22
    • 0018880191 scopus 로고
    • Carbamazepine in manic-depressive illness: A new treatment
    • Ballenger JC, Post RM. Carbamazepine in manic-depressive illness: a new treatment. Am J Psychiatry 1980; 137: 782-790.
    • (1980) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.137 , pp. 782-790
    • Ballenger, J.C.1    Post, R.M.2
  • 25
    • 0019460596 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary double-blind study on the efficacy of carbamazepine in prophylaxis of manic-depressive illness
    • Okuma T, Inanaga K, Otsuki S et al. A preliminary double-blind study on the efficacy of carbamazepine in prophylaxis of manic-depressive illness. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1981; 73: 95-96.
    • (1981) Psychopharmacology (Berl) , vol.73 , pp. 95-96
    • Okuma, T.1    Inanaga, K.2    Otsuki, S.3
  • 26
    • 0022982141 scopus 로고
    • The comparative efficacy and safety of carbamazepine versus lithium: A randomized, double-blind 3-year trial in 83 patients
    • Placidi GF, Lenzi A, Lazzerini F, Cassano GB, Akiskal HS. The comparative efficacy and safety of carbamazepine versus lithium: a randomized, double-blind 3-year trial in 83 patients. J Clin Psychiatry 1986; 47: 490-494.
    • (1986) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.47 , pp. 490-494
    • Placidi, G.F.1    Lenzi, A.2    Lazzerini, F.3    Cassano, G.B.4    Akiskal, H.S.5
  • 27
    • 0023790128 scopus 로고
    • Carbamazepine vs lithium in the treatment and prophylaxis of mania
    • Lusznat RM, Murphy DP, Nunn CM. Carbamazepine vs lithium in the treatment and prophylaxis of mania. Br J Psychiatry 1988; 153: 198-204.
    • (1988) Br. J. Psychiatry , vol.153 , pp. 198-204
    • Lusznat, R.M.1    Murphy, D.P.2    Nunn, C.M.3
  • 28
    • 0026503621 scopus 로고
    • Carbamazepine versus lithium in the prophylaxis of bipolar affective disorder
    • Coxhead N, Silverstone T, Cookson J. Carbamazepine versus lithium in the prophylaxis of bipolar affective disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1992; 85: 114-118.
    • (1992) Acta Psychiatr. Scand. , vol.85 , pp. 114-118
    • Coxhead, N.1    Silverstone, T.2    Cookson, J.3
  • 29
    • 0027172280 scopus 로고
    • The comparative efficacy of carbamazepine low and high serum level and lithium carbonate in the prophylaxis of affective disorders
    • Simhandl C, Denk E, Thau K. The comparative efficacy of carbamazepine low and high serum level and lithium carbonate in the prophylaxis of affective disorders. J Affect Disord 1993; 28: 221-231.
    • (1993) J. Affect. Disord. , vol.28 , pp. 221-231
    • Simhandl, C.1    Denk, E.2    Thau, K.3
  • 30
    • 17544403029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lithium versus carbamazepine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorders - A randomised study
    • Greil W, Ludwig-Mayerhofer W, Erazo N et al. Lithium versus carbamazepine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorders - a randomised study. J Affect Disord 1997; 43: 151-161.
    • (1997) J. Affect. Disord. , vol.43 , pp. 151-161
    • Greil, W.1    Ludwig-Mayerhofer, W.2    Erazo, N.3
  • 31
    • 0034013393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, placebo-controlled 12-month trial of divalproex and lithium in treatment of outpatients with bipolar I disorder
    • Divalproex Maintenance Study Group [see comments]
    • Bowden CL, Calabrese JR, McElroy SL et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled 12-month trial of divalproex and lithium in treatment of outpatients with bipolar I disorder. Divalproex Maintenance Study Group [see comments]. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2000; 57: 481-489.
    • (2000) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.57 , pp. 481-489
    • Bowden, C.L.1    Calabrese, J.R.2    McElroy, S.L.3
  • 32
    • 0002554671 scopus 로고
    • Comparative study of valpromide versus lithium in treatment of affective disorders
    • Lambert PA, Venaud G. Comparative study of valpromide versus lithium in treatment of affective disorders. Nervure 1992; 5: 57-65.
    • (1992) Nervure , vol.5 , pp. 57-65
    • Lambert, P.A.1    Venaud, G.2
  • 34
    • 0033004838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind placebo-controlled study of lamotrigine monotherapy in outpatients with bipolar I depression
    • Lamictal 602 Study Group
    • Calabrese JR, Bowden CL, Sachs GS, Ascher JA, Monaghan E, Rudd GD. A double-blind placebo-controlled study of lamotrigine monotherapy in outpatients with bipolar I depression. Lamictal 602 Study Group. J Clin Psychiatry 1999; 60: 79-88.
    • (1999) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.60 , pp. 79-88
    • Calabrese, J.R.1    Bowden, C.L.2    Sachs, G.S.3    Ascher, J.A.4    Monaghan, E.5    Rudd, G.D.6
  • 35
    • 0038337354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spectrum of efficacy of lamotrigine in bipolar disorder: Overview of double blind placebo-controlled studies
    • Presented at the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 39th Annual Meeting, San Juan, Puerto Rico, December
    • Bowden C, Calabrese JR, Asher J et al. Spectrum of efficacy of lamotrigine in bipolar disorder: overview of double blind placebo-controlled studies. Presented at the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 39th Annual Meeting, San Juan, Puerto Rico, December 2000.
    • (2000)
    • Bowden, C.1    Calabrese, J.R.2    Asher, J.3
  • 36
    • 0033697737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A placebo-controlled study of lamotrigine and gabapentin monotherapy in refractory mood disorders
    • Frye MA, Ketter TA, Kimbrell TA et al. A placebo-controlled study of lamotrigine and gabapentin monotherapy in refractory mood disorders. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2000; 20: 607-614.
    • (2000) J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. , vol.20 , pp. 607-614
    • Frye, M.A.1    Ketter, T.A.2    Kimbrell, T.A.3
  • 37
    • 0029550422 scopus 로고
    • Hypomania induced by gabapentin
    • Hauck A, Bhaumik S. Hypomania induced by gabapentin. Br J Psychiatry 1995; 167: 549.
    • (1995) Br. J. Psychiatry , vol.167 , pp. 549
    • Hauck, A.1    Bhaumik, S.2
  • 39
    • 0024461028 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerability of moclobemide compared with imipramine in depressive disorder (DSM-III): An Austrian double-blind, multicentre study
    • Baumhackl U, Biziere K, Fischbach R et al. Efficacy and tolerability of moclobemide compared with imipramine in depressive disorder (DSM-III): an Austrian double-blind, multicentre study. Br J Psychiatry Suppl 1989; 6: 78-83.
    • (1989) Br. J. Psychiatry Suppl. , vol.6 , pp. 78-83
    • Baumhackl, U.1    Biziere, K.2    Fischbach, R.3
  • 40
    • 0016809335 scopus 로고
    • A controlled study of a tetracyclic antidepressant - Maprotiline (Ludiomil)
    • Kessell A, Holt NF. A controlled study of a tetracyclic antidepressant - maprotiline (Ludiomil). Med J Aust 1975; 1: 773-776.
    • (1975) Med. J. Aust. , vol.1 , pp. 773-776
    • Kessell, A.1    Holt, N.F.2
  • 42
    • 0034953030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moclobemide vs. imipramine in bipolar depression: A multicentre double-blind clinical trial
    • Silverstone T. Moclobemide vs. imipramine in bipolar depression: a multicentre double-blind clinical trial. Acta Psychiatrica Scand 2001; 104: 104-109.
    • (2001) Acta Psychiatrica Scand. , vol.104 , pp. 104-109
    • Silverstone, T.1
  • 43
    • 0021206916 scopus 로고
    • Drug therapy in the prevention of recurrences in unipolar and bipolar affective disorders
    • Report of the NIMH Collaborative Study Group comparing lithium carbonate, imipramine, and a lithium carbonate-imipramine combination
    • Prien RF, Kupfer DJ, Mansky PA et al. Drug therapy in the prevention of recurrences in unipolar and bipolar affective disorders. Report of the NIMH Collaborative Study Group comparing lithium carbonate, imipramine, and a lithium carbonate-imipramine combination. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984; 41: 1096-1104.
    • (1984) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 1096-1104
    • Prien, R.F.1    Kupfer, D.J.2    Mansky, P.A.3
  • 44
    • 0242312422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olanzapine in the treatment of bipolar depression
    • Tohen M, Vieta E, Ketter T et al. Olanzapine in the treatment of bipolar depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2002; 5 (Suppl. 1):S109.
    • (2002) Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. , vol.5 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Tohen, M.1    Vieta, E.2    Ketter, T.3
  • 45
    • 0038337355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olanzapine versus divalproex sodium for bipolar mania: A 47-week study
    • Tohen M, Baker RW, Altshuler L et al. Olanzapine versus divalproex sodium for bipolar mania: a 47-week study. Schizophrenia Res 2002; 53 (Suppl. 1): 183.
    • (2002) Schizophrenia Res. , vol.53 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 183
    • Tohen, M.1    Baker, R.W.2    Altshuler, L.3
  • 46
    • 0142174714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olanzapine versus lithium in relapse prevention in bipolar disorder: A randomized double-blind controlled 12-month trial
    • Tohen MF, Marneros A, Bowden CL et al. Olanzapine versus lithium in relapse prevention in bipolar disorder: a randomized double-blind controlled 12-month trial. Bipolar Disord 2002; 4: 135.
    • (2002) Bipolar. Disord. , vol.4 , pp. 135
    • Tohen, M.F.1    Marneros, A.2    Bowden, C.L.3
  • 47
    • 0025365966 scopus 로고
    • Treatment resistant depression: Definition and treatment approaches
    • Nierenberg AA, Amsterdam JD. Treatment resistant depression: definition and treatment approaches. J Clin Psychiatry 1990; 51 (Suppl. 6): 39-47.
    • (1990) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.51 , Issue.SUPPL. 6 , pp. 39-47
    • Nierenberg, A.A.1    Amsterdam, J.D.2
  • 48
    • 0029974646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment-resistant bipolar depression
    • Sachs GS. Treatment-resistant bipolar depression. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1996; 19: 215-236.
    • (1996) Psychiatr. Clin. North Am. , vol.19 , pp. 215-236
    • Sachs, G.S.1
  • 49
    • 0034976168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of imipramine and paroxetine in the treatment of bipolar depression
    • Nemeroff CB, Evans DL, Gyulai L et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of imipramine and paroxetine in the treatment of bipolar depression. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158: 906-912.
    • (2001) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.158 , pp. 906-912
    • Nemeroff, C.B.1    Evans, D.L.2    Gyulai, L.3
  • 50
    • 0030778964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An open study of lamotrigine in refractory bipolar depression
    • Kusumakar V, Yatham LN. An open study of lamotrigine in refractory bipolar depression. Psychiatry Res 1997; 72: 145-148.
    • (1997) Psychiatry Res. , vol.72 , pp. 145-148
    • Kusumakar, V.1    Yatham, L.N.2
  • 51
    • 0024416759 scopus 로고
    • The addition of lithium to carbamazepine. Antidepressant efficacy in treatment-resistant depression
    • Kramlinger KG, Post RM. The addition of lithium to carbamazepine. Antidepressant efficacy in treatment-resistant depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989; 46: 794-800.
    • (1989) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 794-800
    • Kramlinger, K.G.1    Post, R.M.2
  • 52
    • 0033957340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-blind comparison of addition of a second mood stabilizer versus an antidepressant to an initial mood stabilizer for treatment of patients with bipolar depression
    • Young LT, Joffe RT, Robb JC, MacQueen GM, Marriott M, Patelis-Siotis I. Double-blind comparison of addition of a second mood stabilizer versus an antidepressant to an initial mood stabilizer for treatment of patients with bipolar depression. Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157: 124-126.
    • (2000) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.157 , pp. 124-126
    • Young, L.T.1    Joffe, R.T.2    Robb, J.C.3    MacQueen, G.M.4    Marriott, M.5    Patelis-Siotis, I.6
  • 53
    • 0027996680 scopus 로고
    • A double-blind trial of bupropion versus desipramine for bipolar depression
    • Sachs GS, Lafer B, Stoll AL et al. A double-blind trial of bupropion versus desipramine for bipolar depression. J Clin Psychiatry 1994; 55: 391-393.
    • (1994) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.55 , pp. 391-393
    • Sachs, G.S.1    Lafer, B.2    Stoll, A.L.3
  • 54
    • 0034775032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rate of switch in bipolar patients prospectively treated with second-generation antidepressants as augmentation to mood stabilizers
    • Post RM, Altshuler LL, Frye MA et al. Rate of switch in bipolar patients prospectively treated with second-generation antidepressants as augmentation to mood stabilizers. Bipolar Disord 2001; 3: 259-265.
    • (2001) Bipolar. Disord. , vol.3 , pp. 259-265
    • Post, R.M.1    Altshuler, L.L.2    Frye, M.A.3
  • 55
    • 0036268105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topiramate versus Bupropion SR when added to mood stabilizer therapy for the depressive phase of bipolar disorder: A preliminary single-blind study
    • McIntyre RS, Mancini DA, McCann S, Srinivasan J, Sagman D, Kennedy SH. Topiramate versus Bupropion SR when added to mood stabilizer therapy for the depressive phase of bipolar disorder: a preliminary single-blind study. Bipolar Disord 2002; 4: 207-213.
    • (2002) Bipolar. Disord. , vol.4 , pp. 207-213
    • McIntyre, R.S.1    Mancini, D.A.2    McCann, S.3    Srinivasan, J.4    Sagman, D.5    Kennedy, S.H.6
  • 56
    • 0036089659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial comparing paroxetine and venlafaxine in the treatment of bipolar depressed patients taking mood stabilizers
    • Vieta E, Martinez-Aran A, Goikolea JM et al. A randomized trial comparing paroxetine and venlafaxine in the treatment of bipolar depressed patients taking mood stabilizers. J Clin Psychiatry 2002; 63: 508-512.
    • (2002) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.63 , pp. 508-512
    • Vieta, E.1    Martinez-Aran, A.2    Goikolea, J.M.3
  • 57
    • 0036123131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of novel antipsychotics in bipolar disorders
    • Yatham LN. The role of novel antipsychotics in bipolar disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 2002; 63: 10-14.
    • (2002) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.63 , pp. 10-14
    • Yatham, L.N.1
  • 58
    • 0026595036 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of imipramine-resistant recurrent depression, IV: A double-blind crossover study of tranylcypromine for anergic bipolar depression
    • Thase ME, Mallinger AG, McKnight D, Himmelhoch JM. Treatment of imipramine-resistant recurrent depression, IV: a double-blind crossover study of tranylcypromine for anergic bipolar depression. Am J Psychiatry 1992; 149: 195-198.
    • (1992) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.149 , pp. 195-198
    • Thase, M.E.1    Mallinger, A.G.2    McKnight, D.3    Himmelhoch, J.M.4
  • 59
    • 0036213855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice guidelines for treatment of patients with bipolar disorder
    • American Psychiatric Association
    • American Psychiatric Association. Practice guidelines for treatment of patients with bipolar disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2002; 159: 1-50.
    • (2002) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.159 , pp. 1-50
  • 60
    • 0342657166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Have some guidelines for the treatment of acute bipolar depression gone too far in the restriction of antidepressants?
    • Moller HJ, Grunze H. Have some guidelines for the treatment of acute bipolar depression gone too far in the restriction of antidepressants? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2000; 250: 57-68.
    • (2000) Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. , vol.250 , pp. 57-68
    • Moller, H.J.1    Grunze, H.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.