Heparin during acute ischemic stroke. Present data and clinical situation;Heparin in der akutphase des ischämischen schlaganfalls. Datenlage und klinische realität

Nervenarzt

Volumn 74, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 307-319

  Daffertshofer, M ^a,b   Grips, E ^a   Dempfle, C E ^a   Hennerici, M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Acute phase; Acute stroke; Anticoagulation; Heparin; Secondary prevention

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; CERTOPARIN; CLOPIDOGREL; DALTEPARIN; DIPYRIDAMOLE; ENOXAPARIN; FIBRINOGEN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; HEPARIN; HEPARINOID; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; NADROPARIN; PLACEBO; THROMBIN INHIBITOR;

ANTICOAGULATION; BLOOD CLOT LYSIS; CANADA; CAROTID ARTERY OBSTRUCTION; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CLINICAL TRIAL; EMBOLISM; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; GERMANY; HUMAN; LUNG EMBOLISM; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; META ANALYSIS; PROPHYLAXIS; REVIEW; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; SECONDARY PREVENTION; UNITED STATES; VEIN THROMBOSIS;

ACUTE DISEASE; CEREBRAL INFARCTION; CLINICAL TRIALS; CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; GERMANY; HEPARIN; HEPARIN, LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; HEPARINOIDS; HUMANS; SURVIVAL RATE; THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0037846212     PISSN: 00282804     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00115-003-1480-y     Document Type: Review

References (71)

1. Adams HP Jr (2002) Emergent use of anticoagulation for treatment of patients with ischemic stroke. Stroke 33:856-861
2. Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation III randomised clinical trial (1996) Adjusted-dose warfarin versus low-intensity, fixed-dose warfarin plus aspirin for high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation. Lancet 348:633-638
3. Al Sadat A, Sunbulli M, Chaturvedi S (2002) Use of Intravenous Heparin by North American Neurologists: Do the Data Matter? Stroke 33:1574-1577
4. Alexandrov AV, Felberg RA, Demchuk AM et al. (2000) Deterioration following spontaneous improvement: sonographic findings in patients with acutely resolving symptoms of cerebral ischemia. Stroke 31:915-919
5. Barnett HJ, Taylor DW, Eliasziw M et al. (1998) Benefit of carotid endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic moderate or severe stenosis. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. N Engl J Med 339:1415-25
6. Bath PMW, Iddenden R, Bath FJ (2000) Lowmolecular-weight heparins and heparinoids in acute ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Stroke 31:1770-1778
7. Berge E, Abdelnoor M, Nakstad PH, Sandset PM (2000) Low molecular-weight heparin versus aspirin in patients with acute ischaemic stroke and atrial fibrillation: a double-blind randomised study. HAEST Study Group. Heparin in Acute Embolic Stroke Trial. Lancet 355:1205-1210.
8. Buttner T, Hellwig K, Muller T, Kuhn W (1998) Intravenously administered acetylsalicylic acid in combination with low-dose heparin in acute ischemic stroke: a safety analysis. Clin Neuropharmacol 21:48-51
9. CAST (1997) Randomised placebo-controlled trial of early aspirin use in 20,000 patients with acute ischaemic stroke. CAST (Chinese Acute Stroke Trial) Collaborative Group. Lancet 349:1641-1649
10. Cazzato G, Zorzon M, Mase G, Antonutto L, Iona LG (1989) II mesoglicano nelle ischemie cerebrali acute a focolaio [Mesoglycan in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction]. Rivista di Neurologia 59:121-126
11. Chamorro A (2001) Immediate Anticoagulation in Acute Focal Brain Ischemia Revisited: Gathering the Evidence. Stroke 32:577-578
12. Coull BM, Williams LS, Goldstein LB et al. (2002) Anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in acute ischemic stroke: report of the Joint Stroke Guideline Development Committee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Stroke Association (a division of the American Heart Association). Neurology 59:13-22
13. Counsell C, Sandercock P (2000) Low-molecular-weight heparins or heparinoids versus standard unfractionated heparin for acute ischaemic stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CDO00119
14. Diener HC, Ringelstein EB, von Kummer R et al. (2001) Treatment of acute ischemic stroke with the low-molecular-weight heparin certoparin: results of the TOPAS trial. Therapy of Patients With Acute Stroke (TOPAS) Investigators. Stroke 32:22-29
15. Duke RJ, Bioch RF, Turpie AG, Trebilcock R, Bayer N (1986) Intravenous heparin for the prevention of stroke progression in acute partial stable stroke. Ann Intern Med 105:825-828
16. Duke RJ, Turpie AGG, Bloch RF, Trebilcock RG (1983) Clinical trial of low-dose subcutaneous heparin for the prevention of stroke progression: natural history of acute partial stroke and stroke-in-evolution, in Cerebrovascular Disease. M. Reivich and H.I. Hurtig (eds) Raven Press, New York, pp 399-405
17. Eagle KA, Berger PB, Calkins H et al. (2002) ACC/AHA guideline update for perioperative cardiovascular evaluation for noncardiac surgery - executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to Update the 1996 Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery). J Am Coll Cardiol 39:542-553
18. Eckstein HH, Ringleb P, Dorfler A et al. (2002) The Carotid Surgery for Ischemic Stroke trial: a prospective observational study on carotid endarterectomy in the early period after ischemic stroke. J Vasc Surg 36:997-1004
19. Eckstein HH, Schumacher H, Dorfler A, Forsting M, Jansen O, Ringleb P, Allenberg JR (1999) Carotid endarterectomy and intracranial thrombolysis: simultaneous and staged procedures in ischemic stroke. J Vasc Surg 29:459-71
20. Eckstein HH, Schumacher H, Klemm K et al. (1999) Emergency carotid endarterectomy. Cerebrovasc Dis 9:270-81
21. The Boston Area Anticoagulation Trial for Atrial Fibrillation Investigators (1990) The effect of lowdose warfarin on the risk of stroke in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 323:1505-1511
22. Elias A, Milandre L, Lagrange G et al. (1990) Prevention of deep venous thrombosis of the leg by a very low molecular weight heparin fraction (CY 222) in patients with hemiplegia following cerebral infarction: a randomized pilot study (30 patients). Rev Med Intern 11:95-98
23. Fassbender K, Dempfle CE, Mielke O et al. (1999) Changes in Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Markers in Acute Ischemic Stroke Treated With Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator. Stroke 30:2101-2104
24. Findlay JM, Tucker WS, Ferguson GG, Holness RO, Wallace MC, Wong JH (1997) Guidelines for the use of carotid endarterectomy: current recommendations from the Canadian Neurosurgical Society. Cmaj 157:653-9
25. Furlan A, Higashida R, Wechsler L et al. (1999) Intra-arterial prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke. The PROACT II study: a randomized controlled trial. Prolyse in Acute Cerebral Thromboembolism. JAMA 282:2003-2011
26. Geerts WH, Heit JA, Clagett GP et al. (2001) Prevention of venous thromboembolism. Chest 119:132-175
27. Gertler J, Blankensteijn J, Brewster D et al. (1994) Carotid endarterectomy for unstable and compelling neurologic conditions: Do results justify an aggressive approach? J Vasc Surg 19:32-42
28. Gubitz G, Counsell C, Sandercock P, Signorini D (2000) Anticoagulants for acute ischaemic stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD000024
29. Hacke W, Hennerici M, Allenberg JR, Maurer PC, Zeumer H, Jannssen O (2002) Space Trial. http://www.space.com
30. Hacke W, Kaste M, Olsen TS, Orgogozo JM, Bogousslavsky J (2001) Recommendations of the European Stroke Initiative for the management and treatment of stroke. Nervenarzt 72:807-819
31. Hacke W, Kaste M, Skyhoj OT, Bogousslavsky J, Orgogozo JM (2000) Acute treatment of ischemic stroke. European Stroke Initiative (EUSI). Cerebrovasc Dis 10 [Suppl 3]:22-33
32. Hart RG, Palacio S, Pearce LA (2002) Atrial Fibrillation, Stroke, and Acute Antithrombotic Therapy: Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Stroke 33:2722-2727
33. Hart RG, Pearce LA, McBride R, Rothbart RM, Asinger RW (1999) Factors Associated With Ischemic Stroke During Aspirin Therapy in Atrial Fibrillation: Analysis of 2012 Participants in the SPAF I-III Clinical Trials. Stroke 30:1223-1229
34. Washington University School of Medicine, the American Stroke Association and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (2002) Heparin trials in acute strokehttp://www.strokecenter.org/trials/InterventionDetail.asp?therapyName= ints/intPage25.htm
35. Hobson RW 2nd (2002) Update on the Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy versus Stent Trial (CREST) protocol. J Am Coll Surg 194:9-14
36. Hobson RW 2nd, Howard VJ, Brott TG, Howard G, Roubin GS, Ferguson RD (2001) Organizing the Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy versus Stenting Trial (CREST): National Institutes of Health, Health Care Financing Administration, and industry funding. Curr Control Trials Cardiovasc Med 2:160-164
37. Hommel M for the FISS-bis Investigators Group (1998) Fraxiparine in Ischaemic Stroke Study (FISS bis). Cerebrovasc Dis 8 [Suppl 4]:19
38. Cerebral Embolism Study Group (1983) Immediate anticoagulation of embolic stroke: a randomized trial. Stroke 14:668-676
39. International Stroke Trial Collaborative Group (1997) The International Stroke Trial (IST): a randomised trial of aspirin, subcutaneous heparin, both, or neither among 19435 patients with acute ischaemic stroke. Lancet 349:1569-1581
40. Inzitari D, Eliasziw M, Gates P et al. and The North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomytrial Collaborators (2000) The Causes and Risk of Stroke in Patients with Asymptomatic Internal-Carotid-Artery Stenosis. The N Engl J Med 342:1693-1701
41. Joung-Ho R (2002) Acute Ischemic Stroke Trial: oral Aspirin vs intravenous Heparin on stroke progression (AIST-ASH). in 25th International Stroke Conference. 2002. New Orleans Io, USA
42. Kay R, Wong KS, Yu YL et al. (1995) Low-molecular-weight heparin for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 333:1588-1593
43. Kudesia R, Chaturvedi S (2002) Practice variation among Michigan neurologists in the use of intravenous heparin. J Neurol Sci 202:25
44. Kuker W, Friese S, Vogel W, Schmidt F, Weller M (2000) Incomplete resolution of basilar artery occlusion after intra-arterial thrombolysis: abciximab and heparin prevent early rethrombosis. Cerebrovasc Dis 10:484-486
45. The Publications Committee for the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) Investigators (1998) Low molecular weight heparinoid, ORG 10172 (danaparoid), and outcome after acute ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 279:1265-1272
46. Lyrer P, Engelter S (2000) Antithrombotic drugs for carotid artery dissection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD000255
47. Mazzone C, Chiodo GF, Sandercock P, Miccio M, Salvi R (2002) Physical methods for preventing deep vein thrombosis in stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD001922
48. McCarthy ST, Turner J (1986) Low-dose subcutaneous heparin in the prevention of deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary emboli following acute stroke. Age Ageing 15:84-88
49. McCarthy ST, Turner JJ, Robertson D, Hawkey CJ, Macey DJ (1977) Low-dose heparin as a prophylaxis against deep-vein thrombosis after acute stroke. Lancet 2:800-801
50. McPherson CM, Woo D, Cohen PL et al. (2001) Early Carotid Endarterectomy for Critical Carotid Artery Stenosis After Thrombolysis Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Middle Cerebral Artery Editorial Comment. Stroke 32:207S-2080
51. Moonis M, Fisher M (2002) Considering the role of heparin and low-molecular-weight heparins in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 33:1927-1933
52. Moore W, Mohr J, Najafi H, Robertson J, Stoney R, Toole J (1992) Carotid endarterectomy: Practice guidelines. Report of the Ad Hoc Committee to the Joint Council of the Society for Vascular Surgery and the North American Chapter of the International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery. Journal of Vascular Surgery 15:469-479
53. European Carotid Surgery Trialists' Collaborative Group (1991) MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial: interim results for symptomatic patients with severe (70-99%) or with mild (0-29%) carotid stenosis. Lancet 337:1235-43
54. Muir KW, Watt A, Baxter G, Grosset DG, Lees KR (2000) Randomized trial of graded compression stockings for prevention of deep-vein thrombosis after acute stroke. QJM 93:359-364
55. Nehler MR, Moneta GL, McConnell DB, Edwards JM, Taylor LM, Jr., Yeager RA, Porter JM (1993) Anticoagulation followed by elective carotid surgery in patients with repetitive transient ischemic attacks and high-grade carotid stenosis. Arch Surg 128:1117-1121
56. Pambianco G, Orchard T, Landau P (1995) Deep vein thrombosis: prevention in stroke patients during rehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 76:324-330
57. Petersen P, Boysen G, Godffredsen J, Andersen ED, Andersen B (1989) Placebocontrolled, randomised trial of warfarin and aspirin for prevention of thromboembolic complications in chronic atrial fibrillation. The Copenhagen AFASAK study. Lancet 1:175-179
58. Pince J (1981) Thromboses veineuses des membres inferieurs et embolies pulmonaires au cours des accidents vasculaires cerebraux. A propos d'un essai comparitif de traitement preventif (These pour le doctorat d'etat en medecine). Toulouse: Universite Paul Sabatier
59. Prins MH, Gelsema R, Sing AK, van Heerde LR, den Ottolander GJ (1989) Prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis with a low-molecularweight heparin (Kabi 2165/Fragmin) in stroke patients. Haemostasis 19:245-250.
60. Recommendations for Stroke (Update 2002). 2002, The European Stroke Initiative: http://www.eusi-stroke.com/index.shtml
61. Recommendations for stroke management. European Stroke Initiative. (2000) CerebrovascDis European Stroke Council, European Neurological Society and European Federation of Neurological Societies 10:335-351
62. Rothwell PM, Warlow CP (2000) Low Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Reduced Internal Carotid Artery Lumen Diameter Distal to Severe Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis: Cerebral Protection Due to Low Poststenotic Flow? Stroke 31:622-630
63. Sandset PM, Dahl T, Stiris M, Rostad B, Scheel B, Abildgaard U (1990) A double-blind and randomized placebo-controlled trial of low molecular weight heparin once daily to prevent deep-vein thrombosis in acute ischemic stroke. Semin Thromb Hemost 16 [Suppl]:25-33
64. Secondary prevention in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke. EAFT (European Atrial Fibrillation Trial) Study Group. (1993) Lancet 342:1255-1262
65. Thurnher S (2000) Supraaortale PTA: Karotisstenose: Technik der PTA und Stentimplantation - Technique of Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting. Radiologe 40:798-804
66. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. (1995) N Engl J Med 333:1581-1587
67. Turpie AG, Levine MN, Hirsh J, Carter CJ, Jay RM, Powers PJ, Andrew M, Magnani HN, Hull RD, Gent M (1987) Double-blind randomised trial of Org 10172 low-molecular-weight heparinoid in prevention of deep-vein thrombosis in thrombotic stroke. Lancet: 523-526
68. Vissinger H, Husted S (1995) Trial of tinzaparin vs placebo ischaemic stroke (unpublished data)
69. Vitek JJ, Roubin GS, Al-Mubarek N, New G, Iyer SS (2000) Carotid Artery Stenting: Technical Considerations. Am J Neuroradiol 21:1736-1743
70. Wardlaw JM (2001) Overview of Cochrane thrombolysis meta-analysis. Neurology 57:69-76
71. Yadav JS (2001) Management practices in carotid stenting. Cerebrovasc Dis 11 [Suppl 2]:18-22