Which accelerator photon beams are "clinic-like" for reference dosimetry purposes?

Medical Physics

Volumn 30, Issue 7, 2003, Pages 1546-1555

  Kalach, N I ^a,b   Rogers, D W O ^a  

^a NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA   (Canada)

^b BRITISH COLUMBIA CANCER AGENCY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DOSIMETRY; LABORATORIES; MONTE CARLO METHODS; PARTICLE BEAMS; PHOTOELECTRONS; PHOTONS;

CLINICAL THERAPY; GOOD BEAM QUALITY; MEASURED VALUES; PHOTON BEAMS; REFERENCE DOSIMETRY; SIEMENS; STOPPING POWER;

ACCELERATION;

ARTICLE; BEAM THERAPY; BREMS RADIATION; CALIBRATION; COLLIMATOR; DOSIMETRY; IMAGE QUALITY; LINEAR ACCELERATOR; MONTE CARLO METHOD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION DOSE; THICKNESS;

EID: 0037695877     PISSN: 00942405     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1118/1.1573205     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. P. R. Almond, P. J. Biggs, B. M. Coursey, W. F. Hanson, M. S. Huq, R. Nath, and D. W. O. Rogers, "AAPM's TG-51 Protocol for Clinical Reference Dosimetry of High-Energy Photon and Electron Beams," Med. Phys. 26, 1847-1870 (1999).
2. C.-M. Ma. C. W. Coffey, L. A. DeWerd, R. Nath. C. Liu, S. M. Seltzer, and J. Seuntjens, "AAPM protocol for 40-300 kV x-ray beam dosimetry in radiotherapy and radiobiology," Med. Phys. 28. 868-893 (2001).
3. AAPM TG-21 "A protocol for the determination of absorbed dose from high-energy photon and electron beams," Med. Phys. 10, 741-771 (1983).
4. IAEA, Absorbed Dose Determination in Photon and Electron Beams: An International Code of Practice, Technical Report Series Vol. 277 (IAEA, Vienna, 1987).
5. IAEA, Absorbed Dose Determination in External Beam Radiotherapy: An International Code of Practice for Dosimetry Based on Standards of Absorbed Dose to Water, Technical Report Series Vol. 398 (IAEA, Vienna, 2001).
6. P. Andreo, "On the beam quality specification of high-energy photons for radiotherapy dosimetry," Med. Phys. 27, 434-440 (2000).
7. P. Andreo, "Improved calculations of stopping-power ratios and their correlation with the quality of therapeutic photon beams," IAEA-SM330/62 in Proc. of Symp. on Meas. Assurance in Dosimetry, (IAEA, Vienna, 1994), pp. 335-359.
8. P. Andreo and A. Brahme, "Stopping-power data for high-energy photon beams," Phys. Med. Biol. 31, 839-858 (1986).
9. R. Mohan, C. Chui, and L. Lidofsky, "Energy and angular distributions of photons from medical linear accelerators," Med. Phys. 12, 592-597 (1985).
10. D. Sheikh-Bagheri and D. W. O. Rogers, "Calculation of nine megavoltage photon beam spectra using the BEAM Monte Carlo code," Med. Phys. 29, 391-402 (2002).
11. D. Sheikh-Bagheri and D. W. O. Rogers, "Sensitivity of megavoltage photon beam Monte Carlo simulations to electron beam parameters," Med. Phys. 29, 379-390 (2002).
12. A. Kosunen and D. W. O. Rogers, "Beam quality specification for photon beam dosimetry," Med. Phys. 20, 1181-1188 (1993).
13. P. Andreo, "The status of high-energy photon and electron beam dosimetry five years after the implementation of the IAEA code of practice in the Nordic countries," Acta Oncol. 32, 483-500 (1993).
14. J. P. Seuntjens, C. K. Ross. K. R. Shortt, and D. W. O. Rogers, "Absorbed-dose beam quality conversion factors for cylindrical chambers in high-energy photon beams," Med. Phys. 27, 2763-2779 (2000).
15. W. R. Nelson. H. Hirayama, and D. W. O. Rogers, "The EGS4 Code System, Report SLAC-265," Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, CA, 1985.
16. A. F. Bielajew and D. W. O. Rogers, "PRESTA: The Parameter Reduced Electron-Step Transport Algorithm for electron Monte Carlo transport," Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 18, 165-181 (1987).
17. D. W. O. Rogers, B. A. Faddegon, G. X. Ding, C.-M. Ma, J. Wei, and T. R. Mackie, "BEAM: A Monte Carlo code to simulate radiotherapy treatment units," Med. Phys. 22, 503-524 (1995).
18. D. Sheikh-Bagheri, D. W. O. Rogers, C. K. Ross, and J. P. Seuntjens, "Comparison of measured and Monte Carlo calculated dose distributions from the NRC linac," Med. Phys. 27, 2256-2266 (2000).
19. C. L. Yang, D. W. O. Rogers, and J. P. Seuntjens, "Calculation of photon beam quality specifiers," Proceedings of the 1998 COMP Annual Meeting (Canadian Organization of Medical Physicists, Edmonton, Alberta), 1998, pp. 186-188.
20. 10 as a Beam Quality Specifier for High-Energy Photon Beams, IAEA-SM-330/10, in Proceedings of Symposium on Measurement Assurance in Dosimetry, (IAEA, Vienna, 1994), pp. 309-321.
21. x and stopping-power ratios," Med. Phys. 26, 538-540 (1999).
22. D. W. O. Rogers, I. Kawrakow, J. P. Seuntjens, and B. R. B. Walters, "NRC User Codes for EGSnrc." Technical Report No. PIRS-702, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa. Canada, 2000.
23. ICRU, "Stopping powers for electrons and positrons," ICRU Report No. 37, ICRU, Washington, DC, 1984.
24. I. Kawrakow, "Accurate condensed history Monte Carlo simulation of electron transport. I. EGSnrc, the new EGS4 version," Med. Phys. 27, 485-498 (2000).
25. I. Kawrakow and D. W. O. Rogers, "The EGSnrc Code System: Monte Carlo simulation of electron and photon transport," Technical Report No. PIRS-701, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 2000.
26. E. Menghi, "Simulazione di un acceleratore lineare radioterapico, mediante codice Monte Carlo BEAM," M.Sc. thesis, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy, March 2001.
27. G. X. Ding, J. E. Cygler, and C. B. Kwok, "Clinical reference dosimetry: Comparison between AAPM TG-21 and TG-51 protocols," Med. Phys. 27, 1217-1225 (2000).
28. M. S. Huq, P. Andreo, and H. Song, "Comparison of the IAEA TRS-398 and AAPM TG-51 absorbed dose to water protocols in the dosimetry of high-energy photon and electron beams," Phys. Med. Biol. 46, 2985-3006 (2001).
29. F. Araki and H. D. Kubo, "Comparison of high-energy photon and electron dosimetry for various dosimetry protocols," Med. Phys. 29, 857-868 (2002).
30. H. Palmans et al., "Absorbed dose to water based dosimetry vs air kerma based dosimetry for high-energy photon beams: an experimental study," Phys. Med. Biol. 47, 421-440 (2002).
31. F. M. Khan, "Comment on 'AAPM's TG-51 protocol for clinical reference dosimetry of high-energy photon and electron beams" [Med. Phys. 26. 1847-1870 (1999)] Med. Phys. 27, 445-447 (2000).
32. x for the NPL photon beams," NRC Report No. PIRS-659, NRC, Ottawa, 1999.
33. 60Co and higher energies," Phys. Med. Biol. 46, 2119-2142 (2001).
34. J. A. Purdy, W. Harms, W. F. Hanson, P. Kennedy, T. Kirby, A. Niroomand-Rad, and J. R. Palta, "AAPM RTC TG-46: X-ray beam central axis depth-dose data for use in radiation therapy," Med. Phys. (1997 (draft approved by Radiation Therapy Committee)).
35. D. W. O. Rogers, "Fundamentals of dosimetry based on absorbed-dose standards," in Teletherapy Physics, Present and Future, edited by J. R. Palta and T. R. Mackie (AAPM, Washington, DC, 1996), pp. 319-356.
36. R. L. Ford and W. R. Nelson, "The EGS code system - Version 3," Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Report No. SLAC-210, 1978.
37. D. Sheikh-Bagheri, "Monte Carlo study of photon beams from medical linear accelerators; optimization, benchmark and spectra," PhD. thesis, Carleton University, Ottawa 1999.
38. B. A. Faddegon, C. K. Ross, and D. W. O. Rogers, "Forward directed bremsstrahlung of 10-30 MeV electrons incident on thick targets of Al and Pb," Med. Phys. 17, 773-785 (1990).
39. B. A. Faddegon, C. K. Ross, and D. W. O. Rogers, "Angular distribution of bremsstrahlung from 15 MeV electrons incident on thick targets of Be, Al and Pb," Med. Phys. 18, 727-739 (1991).
40. Q for the NE2571 chamber in a 5 MV and 10 MV photon beam," Phys. Med. Biol. 44, 647-663 (1999).
41. H. Palmans, W. Mondelaers, and H. Thierens, "Beam quality of high-energy photon beams at the Ghent University linear accelerator," Phys. Med. Biol. 47, L15-L18 (2002).