The hospital tap water system as a source of nosocomial legionella infections for staff members and patients

Indoor and Built Environment

Volumn 12, Issue 1-2, 2003, Pages 31-36

  Pancer, Katarzyna ^a   Stypułkowska, Hanna ^a   Krogulska, Bozena ^a   Matuszewska, Renata ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HYGIENE   (Poland)

Author keywords

Heat disinfection of water; Legionella pneumophila; Nosocomial legionellosis

Indexed keywords

TAP WATER;

AGGLUTINATION TEST; ANTIBODY TITER; BACTERIAL STRAIN; BLOOD SAMPLING; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONFERENCE PAPER; DISINFECTION; HEATING; HOSPITAL INFECTION; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HOSPITAL PERSONNEL; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA; LEGIONNAIRE DISEASE; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; WATER CONTAMINATION; WATER MANAGEMENT; WATER SUPPLY;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); LEGIONELLA; LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA; NEGIBACTERIA;

EID: 0037497161     PISSN: 1420326X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1420326X03012001005     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (18)

1. Breiman RF, Butler JC: Legionnaires' disease: clinical, epidemiological, and public health perspectives. Sem Respir Infect 1998;13:84-89.
2. Butler JC, Breiman RF: Legionellosis; in Evans AS, Barchman PS (eds.): Bacterial Infection of Human. Epidemiology and Control. New York, London, 1998, Vol. 18, pp. 355-375.
3. Winn WC Jr.: Legionella; in Murray PR (ed.): Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 6th ed. ASM PRESS Washington, 1995, pp. 533-544.
4. Lin YE, Vidic RD, Stout JE, Yu VL: Legionella in water distribution systems. J Am Wat Works Assoc 1998;90:112-121.
5. Visca P, Goldoni P, Luck PCh, Helbig JH, Cattani L, Giltri G, Bramati S, Castellani Pastoris M: Multiple types of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6 in a hospital heated-water system associated with sporadic infections. J Clin Microbiol 1999;37:2189-96.
6. Yu VL: Nosocomial legionellosis. Current Opinion in Infectious Disease 2000;13:385-388.
7. Matuszewska R, Krogulska B: Detection and isolation Legionella from the water environment. Roczn PZH 2000;51:183-190.
8. Farshy CE, Klein GC, Feeley JC: A microagglutination test for detecting antibodies; in Jones GL, Hebert GA (eds.): Legionnaires' the Diseases, the Bacterium and Methology. US Dept Health, Education and Welfare, CDC, Atlanta 1978, pp. 163-168.
9. Lin YE, Stout JE, Yu VL, Vidic RD: Disinfection of water distribution systems for Legionella. Sem Respir Infect 1998;13:147-159.
10. Arnow PM, Chou T, Weil D, Shapiro EN, Kretzschmar C: Nosocomial Legionnaires' disease caused by aerolized tap water from respiratory devices. J Infect Dis 1982;146: 460-467.
11. Marie TJ, Haldane D, Bezanson G, Perpard R: Each water is a unique ecological niche for Legionella pneumophila. Epidemiol Infect 1992;108:261-270.
12. Zacheus MO, Martikainen PJ: Effect of heat flushing on the contamination of L. pneumophila and other heterotrophic microbes in hot water systems of apartment buildings. Can J Microbiol 1996;42:811-818.
13. Muraca P, Stout JE, Yu VL: Comparative assessment of chlorine, heat, ozone, and UV light for killing Legionella pneumophila within a model plumbing system. Appl Environ Microbiol 1987;53:447-453.
14. Kuchta JM, Navratil JS, Sheoherd ME, Wadowsky RM, Dowling JN, States SJ, Yee RB: Impact of chlorine and heat on the survival of Hartmanella vermiformis and subsequent growth of Legionella pneumophila. Appl Environ Microbiol 1993;59:4096-4100.
15. Plouffe J: Relationship between colonisation of hospital's buildings with L. pneumophila. Appl Environ Microbiol 1983;46:769-770.
16. Fry NK, Harrison TG: Diagnosis and epidemiology of infections caused by Legionella spp.; in Woodford N, Johnson AP (eds.): Methods in Molecular Medicine. Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ, 1999.
17. Maiwald M, Helbig JH, Lück PCh: Laboratory methods for the diagnosis of Legionella infections. J. Microbiol Methods 1998;33:59-79.
18. Styputkowska-Misiurewicz H, Pancer K, Krogulska B, Matszewska R: Development of surveillance of Legionella infections in Poland by serological investigation; in Marre R. (ed): Legionella, ASM Press, Washington, D.C., 2002, pp. 338-341.