Mortality among triazine herbicide manufacturing workers

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health - Part A

Volumn 66, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 501-517

  MacLennan, Paul A ^a   Delzell, Elizabeth ^a   Sathiakumar, Nalini ^a   Myers, Susan L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HERBICIDE; TRIAZINE DERIVATIVE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BREAST CANCER; CANCER RISK; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; FEMALE; HUMAN; LUNG CANCER; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NONHODGKIN LYMPHOMA; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; ATRAZINE; CHEMICAL INDUSTRY; EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES; FEMALE; HERBICIDES; HUMANS; LYMPHOMA, NON-HODGKIN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 0037470978     PISSN: 15287394     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15287390306356     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Acquavella, J., Olsen, G., Cole, P., Ireland, B., Kaneene, J., Schuman, S., and Holden, L. 1998. Cancer among farmers: A meta-analysis. Ann. Epidemiol. 8:64-74.
2. Band, P. R., Le, N. D., Fang, R., Threlfall, W. J., and Gallagher, R. P. 1999. Identification of occupational cancer risks in British Columbia. Part II: A population based case control study of 1516 prostatic cancer cases. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 41:233-247.
3. Blair, A., and Zahm, S. H. 1991. Cancer among farmers. Occup. Med. 6:335-354.
4. Bogdanffy, M. S., O'Connor, J. C., Hansen, J. F., Gaddamidi, V., Van Pelt, C. S., Green, J. W., and Cook, J. C. 2000. Chronic toxicity and oncogenicity bioassay in rats with the chloro-s-triazine herbicide cyanazine. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 60:567-586.
5. Brown, L. M., Blair, A., Gibson, R., Everett, G. D., Cantor, K. P., Schuman, L. M., Burmeister, L. F., Van Lier, S. F., and Dick, F. 1990. Pesticide exposures and other agricultural risk factors for leukemia among men in Iowa and Minnesota. Cancer Res. 50:6585-6591.
6. Brown, L. M., Burmeister, L. F., Everett, G. D., and Blair, A. 1993. Pesticide exposures and multiple myeloma in Iowa men. Cancer Causes Control 4:153-156.
7. Brusick, D. J. 1994. An assessment of the genetic toxicity of atrazine: Relevance to human health and environmental effects. Mutat. Res. 317:133-144.
8. Burmeister, L. F. 1990. Cancer in Iowa farmers: Recent results. Am. J. Ind. Med. 18:295-301.
9. Cantor, K. P., Blair, A., Everett, G., Gibson, R., Burmeister, L. F., Brown, L. M., Schuman, L., and Dick, F. R. 1992. Pesticides and other agricultural risk factors for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among men in Iowa and Minnesota. Cancer Res. 52:2447-2455.
10. Carr, B. R. 1992. Disorders of the ovary and female reproductive tract. In William's endocrinology, 8th ed., eds. J. D. Wilson and D. W. Foster, pp. 733-798. New York: Saunders.
11. Cerhan, J. R., Cantor, K. P., Williamson, K., Lynch, C. F., Torner, J. C., and Burmeister, L. F. 1998. Cancer mortality among Iowa farmers: Recent results, time trends, and lifestyle factors (United States). Cancer Causes Control 9:311-319.
12. Chapin, R. E., Stevens, J. T., Hughes, C. L., Kelce, W. R., and Hess, R. A. 1996. Endocrine modulation of reproduction. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 29:1-17.
13. Clavel, J., Hemon, D., Mandereau, L., Delemotte, B., Severin, F., and Frandrin, G. 1996. Farming, pesticide use and hairy-cell leukemia. Scand. J. Work Environ. Health 22:285-293.
14. Cooper, R. L., Stoker, T. E., Goldman, J. M., Parrish, M. B., and Tyrey, L. 1996. Effect of atrazine on ovarian function in the rat. Reprod. Toxicol. 10:257-264.
15. Cooper, R. L., Stoker, T. E., Tyrey, L., Goldman, J. M., and McElroy, W. K. 2000. Atrazine disrupts the hypothalamic control of pituitary-ovarian function. Toxicol. Sci. 53:297-307.
16. DeRoos, A., Zahm, S., Cantor, K., Weisenburger, D., Holmes, F., Burmeister, L., and Blair, A. 2001. Integrative assessment of multiple pesticide exposure in farming as risk factors for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in men (abstr. 291). Epidemiology 12:S58.
17. Dich, J., and Wiklund, K. 1998. Prostate cancer in pesticide applicators in Swedish agriculture. Prostate 34:100-112.
18. Donna, A., Crosignani, P., Robutti, F., Betta, P. G., Bocca, R., Mariani, N., Ferrario, F., Fissi, R., and Berrino, F. 1989. Triazine herbicides and ovarian epithelial neoplasms. Scand. J. Work Environ. Health 15:47-53.
19. Eldridge, J. C., McConnell, R. F., Wetzel, L. T., and Tisdel, M. O. 1998. Appearance of mammary tumors in atrazine-treated female rats: Probable mode of action involving strain-related control of ovulation and estrous cycling. In Triazine herbicides risk assessment, eds. L. G. Ballantine, J. E. McFarland, and D. S. Hackett, pp. 413-424. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society.
20. Eldridge, J. C., Tennant, M. K., Wetzel, L. T., Breckenridge, C. B., and Stevens, J. T. 1994. Factors affecting mammary tumor incidence in chlorotriazine-treated female rats: Hormonal properties, dosage, and animal strain. Environ. Health Perspect. 102(suppl. 11):29-36.
21. Eldridge, J. C., Wetzel, L. T., Stevens, J. T., and Simpkins, J. W. 1999. The mammary tumor response in triazine-treated female rats: A threshold-mediated interaction with strain and species-specific reproductive senescence. Steroids 64:672-678.
22. Fleming, L. E., Bean, J. A., Rudolph, M., and Hamilton, K. 1990. Mortality in a cohort of licensed pesticide applicators in Florida. Occup. Environ. Med. 56:14-21. Fleming, L. E., Bean, J. A., Rudolph, M., and Hamilton, K. 1999. Cancer incidence in a cohort of licensed pesticide applicators in Florida. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 41:279-288.
23. Gysin, H., and Knuesli, E. 1960. Chemistry and herbicidal properties of triazine derivatives. In Advances in pest control research, ed. R. Metcalf, pp. 289-358. New York: Wiley.
24. Hines, C. J., Deddens, J. A., Tucker, S. P., and Hornung, R. W. 2000. Distributions and determinants of pre-emergent herbicide exposures among custom applicators. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 45:227-239.
25. Hoar, S. K., Blair, A., Holmes, F. F., Boysen, C., and Robel, R. 1985. Herbicides and colon cancer. Lancet 1:1277-1278.
26. Hoar, S. K., Blair, A., Holmes, F. F., Boysen, C. D., Robel, R. J., Hoover, R., and Fraumeni, J. F., Jr. 1986. Agricultural herbicide use and risk of lymphoma and soft-tissue sarcoma. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 256:1141-1147.
27. Hoar Zahm, S., Weisenburger, D. D., Cantor, K. P., Holmes, F. F., and Blair, A. 1993. Role of the herbicide atrazine in the development of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Scand. J. Work Environ. Health 19:108-114.
28. Hopenhayn-Rich, C., Stump, M. L., and Browning, S. R. 2002. Regional assessment of atrazine exposure and incidence of breast and ovarian cancers in Kentucky. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 42:127-136.
29. IARC. 1999. Evaluation and re-evaluation of some agents which target specific organs in rodent bioassays. IARC Monogr. Eval. Carcinogen. Risk Hum. 73:59-113.
30. Kacew, S., Ruben, Z., and McConnell, R. F. 1995. Strain as a determinant factor in the differential responsiveness of rats to chemicals. Toxicol. Pathol. 23:701-714.
31. Keller-Byrne, J. E., Khuder, S. A., and Schaub, E. A. 1997. Meta-analyses of prostate cancer and farming. Am. J. Ind. Med. 31:580-586.
32. Kettles, M. A., Browning, S. R., Prince, T. S., and Horstman, S. W. 1997. Triazine herbicide exposure and breast cancer incidence: An ecologic study of Kentucky counties. Environ. Health Perspect. 105:1222-1227.
33. Kogevinas, M., Kaupinen, T., Winkelmann, R., Becher, H., Bertazzi, P. A., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Coggon, D., Green, L., Johnson, E., and Littorin, M. 1995. Soft tissue sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in workers exposed to phenoxy herbicides, chlorophenols, and dioxins: Two nested case-control studies. Epidemiology 6:396-402.
34. Kross, B. C., Burmeister, L. F., Ogilvie, L. K., Fuortes, L. J., and Fu, C. M. 1996. Proportionate mortality study of golf course superintendents. Am. J. Ind. Med. 29:501-506.
35. Krstev, S., Baris, D., Stewart, P., Dosemeci, M, Swanson, G. M., Greenberg, R. S., Schoenberg, J. B., Schwartz, A. G., Liff, J. M., and Hayes, R. B. 1998. Occupational risk factors and prostate cancer in U.S. blacks and whites. Am. J. Ind. Med. 34:421-430.
36. MacLennan, P. A., Delzell, E., Sathiakumar, N., Myers, S. L., Cheng, H., Grizzle, W., Chen, V. W., and Wu, X. C. 2002. Cancer incidence among triazine herbicide manufacturing workers. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 44:1048-1058.
37. Marmot, M., and Feeney, A. 1997. General explanations for social inequalities in health. In Social inequalities and cancer, eds. M. Kogevinas, N. Pearce, and P. Bofetta, pp. 207-228. Lyon: IARC.
38. Marsh, G. M., Youk, A. O., Stone, R. A., Sefcik, S., and Alcorn, C. 1998. OCMAP-PLUS: A program for the comprehensive analysis of occupational cohort data. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 40:351-362.
39. Mills, P. K. 1998. Correlation analysis of pesticide use data and cancer incidence rates in California counties. Arch. Environ. Health 53:410-413.
40. Oestenstad, R. K. 1995. Descriptive analysis of triazine dust concentrations measured between 1970-1994. Ciba-Geigy Corporation internal report. Greensboro, NC.
41. Popp, W., Schmieding, W., Speck, M., Vahrenhols, C., and Norpoth, K. 1992. Incidence of bladder cancer in a cohort of workers exposed to 4-chloro-o-toluidine while synthesising chlordimeform. Br. J. Ind. Med. 49:529-531.
42. Sathiakumar, N., and Delzell, E. 1997. A review of epidemiologic studies of triazine herbicides and cancer. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 27:599-612.
43. Sathiakumar, N., Delzell, E., and Abdalla, O. 1998. Using the National Death Index to obtain underlying cause of death codes. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 40:808-813.
44. Sathiakumar, N., Delzell, E., and Cole, P. 1995. Mortality among workers at two triazine manufacturing plants. Am. J. Ind. Med. 29:143-151.
45. Schroeder, J. C., Olshan, A. F., Baric, R., Dent, G. A., Weinberg, C. R., Yount, B., Cerhan, J. R., Lynch, C. F., Schuman, L. M., Tolbert, P. E., Rothman, N., Cantor, K. P., and Blair, A. 2001. Agricultural risk factors for t(14;18) subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Epidemiology 12:701-709.
46. Scribner, E. A., Battaglin, W. A., Goolsby, D. A., and Thurman, E. M. 2000. Changes in herbicide concentrations in Midwestern streams in relation to changes in use, 1989-1998. Sci. Total Environ. 248:255-263.
47. Sharma-Wagner, S., Chokkalingam, A. P., Malker, H. S. R., Stone, B. J., McLaughlin, J. K., and Hsing, A. W. 2000. Occupation and prostate cancer risk in Sweden. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 42:517-525.
48. Simpkins, J. W., Eldridge, J. C., and Wetzel, L. T. 1998. Role of strain-specific reproductive patterns in the appearance of mammary tumors in atrazine treated rats. In Triazine herbicides risk assessment, eds. L. G. Ballantine, J. E. McFarland, and D. S. Hackett, pp. 399-413. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society.
49. Stevens, J. T., Breckenridge, C. B., and Wetzel, L. 1999. A risk characterization for atrazine: Oncogenicity profile. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 56:69-109.
50. Tennant, M. K., Hill, D. S., Eldridge, J. C., Wetzel, L. C., Breckenridge, C. B., and Stevens, J. T. 1994. Chloro-s-triazine antagonism of estrogen action: Limited interaction with estrogen receptor binding. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 43:197-211.
51. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1996. Atrazine: Environmental characteristics and economics and management. USDA Agricultural Economic Report No. 699. Washington, DC: USDA.
52. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1997. Pesticides industry sales and usage. EPA 733-R-97-002. Washington, DC: U.S. EPA.
53. U.S. Geological Survey. 1991. Spring sampling finds herbicides throughout Mississippi river and tributaries. Reston, VA: U.S. Department of Interior (U.S. Geological Survey).
54. Van Leeuwen, J. A., Waltner-Toews, D. Abernathy, T., Smit, B., and Shoukri, M. 1999. Associations between stomach cancer incidence and drinking water contamination with atrazine and nitrate in Ontario (Canada) agroecosystems, 1987-1991. Int. J. Epidemiol. 28:836-840.
55. Wetzel, L. T., Luempert, L. G. 3rd, Breckenridge, C. B., Tisdel, M. O., Stevens, J. T., Thakur, A. K., Extrom, P. J., and Eldridge, J. C. 1994. Chronic effects of atrazine on estrus and mammary tumor formation in female Sprague-Dawley and Fischer 344 rats. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 43:169-182.
56. Worthing, C. R., and Walker, S. B. 1987. The pesticide manual: A world compendium. British Crop Protection Council. Croydon, UK: Thorton Health.
57. Zahm, S. H., Weisenburger, D. D., Saal, R. C., Vaught, J. B., Babbit, P. A., and Blair, A. 1993. The role of agricultural pesticide use in the development of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in women. Arch. Environ. Health 48:353-358.