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In most cases, enantiomeric ratios are determined by chiral HPLC comparison with racemic standards. In these cases, reaction with the achiral diamine TMEDA to prepare racemic material provides only Z γ-substituted product and α-substituted product.
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The crystallographic data for 32 and 54 have been depositied with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre as supplementary publication nos. 186903 and 186902, respectively. Copies of the data can be obtained free of charge on application to CCDC, 12 Union Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EZ, U.K. (fax (+44) 1223-336033; e-mail deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk).
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23
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0000668047
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Academic Press, New York
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Chiral β-lactams are of considerable interest, as many pharmacologically active compounds contain this framework. See: Antibiotics Containing the β-Lactam Structure; Morin, R. B., Goldman, M., Eds.; Academic Press: New York, 1983; Vols. 1-3. Recent efforts for efficient asymmetric syntheses of azetidin-2-ones have concentrated on stereoselective ketene-imine cycloadditions and ester enolateimine condensations. See: Palomo, C.; Aizpurua, J. M.; Ganboa, I.; Oiarbide, M. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 3223-3225. (b) Benaglia, M.; Cinquini, M.; Cozzi, F. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 563-572.
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0032707721
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Chiral β-lactams are of considerable interest, as many pharmacologically active compounds contain this framework. See: Antibiotics Containing the β-Lactam Structure; Morin, R. B., Goldman, M., Eds.; Academic Press: New York, 1983; Vols. 1-3. Recent efforts for efficient asymmetric syntheses of azetidin-2-ones have concentrated on stereoselective ketene-imine cycloadditions and ester enolateimine condensations. See: (a) Palomo, C.; Aizpurua, J. M.; Ganboa, I.; Oiarbide, M. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 3223-3225. (b) Benaglia, M.; Cinquini, M.; Cozzi, F. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 563-572.
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25
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0034006463
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Chiral β-lactams are of considerable interest, as many pharmacologically active compounds contain this framework. See: Antibiotics Containing the β-Lactam Structure; Morin, R. B., Goldman, M., Eds.; Academic Press: New York, 1983; Vols. 1-3. Recent efforts for efficient asymmetric syntheses of azetidin-2-ones have concentrated on stereoselective ketene-imine cycloadditions and ester enolateimine condensations. See: (a) Palomo, C.; Aizpurua, J. M.; Ganboa, I.; Oiarbide, M. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 3223-3225. (b) Benaglia, M.; Cinquini, M.; Cozzi, F. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 563-572.
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0242414534
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note
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2O were unsuccessful.
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27
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0024785652
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Cispentacin has recently been isolated from Bacillus cereus and Streptomyces setonii and shown to have potent activity as an antifungal antibiotic in mice. See: (a) Konishi, M.; Nishio, M.; Saitoh, T.; Miyaki, T.; Oki, T.; Kawaguchi, H. J. Antibiot. 1989, 42, 1749-1755. (b) Oki, T.; Hirano, M.; Tomatsu, K.; Numata, K.; Kamei, H. J. Antibiot. 1989, 42, 1756-1762. (c) Iwamoto, T.; Tsujii, E.; Ezaki, M.; Fujie, A.; Hashimoto, S.; Okuhara, M.; Kohsaka, M.; Imanaka, H. J. Antibiot. 1990, 43, 1-7. (d) Kawabata, K.; Inamoto, Y.; Sakane, K. J. Antibiot. 1990, 43, 513-518. Cispentacin is a compound of synthetic interest: (e) Fülöp, F.; Palkó, M.; Kámán, J.; Lázár, L.; Sillanpää, R. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2000, 11, 4179-4187. (f) Aggarwal, V. K.; Roseblade, S. J.; Barrell, J. K.; Alexander, R. Org. Lett. 2002, 7, 1227-1229.
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28
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0024835032
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Cispentacin has recently been isolated from Bacillus cereus and Streptomyces setonii and shown to have potent activity as an antifungal antibiotic in mice. See: (a) Konishi, M.; Nishio, M.; Saitoh, T.; Miyaki, T.; Oki, T.; Kawaguchi, H. J. Antibiot. 1989, 42, 1749-1755. (b) Oki, T.; Hirano, M.; Tomatsu, K.; Numata, K.; Kamei, H. J. Antibiot. 1989, 42, 1756-1762. (c) Iwamoto, T.; Tsujii, E.; Ezaki, M.; Fujie, A.; Hashimoto, S.; Okuhara, M.; Kohsaka, M.; Imanaka, H. J. Antibiot. 1990, 43, 1-7. (d) Kawabata, K.; Inamoto, Y.; Sakane, K. J. Antibiot. 1990, 43, 513-518. Cispentacin is a compound of synthetic interest: (e) Fülöp, F.; Palkó, M.; Kámán, J.; Lázár, L.; Sillanpää, R. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2000, 11, 4179-4187. (f) Aggarwal, V. K.; Roseblade, S. J.; Barrell, J. K.; Alexander, R. Org. Lett. 2002, 7, 1227-1229.
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0025019332
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Cispentacin has recently been isolated from Bacillus cereus and Streptomyces setonii and shown to have potent activity as an antifungal antibiotic in mice. See: (a) Konishi, M.; Nishio, M.; Saitoh, T.; Miyaki, T.; Oki, T.; Kawaguchi, H. J. Antibiot. 1989, 42, 1749-1755. (b) Oki, T.; Hirano, M.; Tomatsu, K.; Numata, K.; Kamei, H. J. Antibiot. 1989, 42, 1756-1762. (c) Iwamoto, T.; Tsujii, E.; Ezaki, M.; Fujie, A.; Hashimoto, S.; Okuhara, M.; Kohsaka, M.; Imanaka, H. J. Antibiot. 1990, 43, 1-7. (d) Kawabata, K.; Inamoto, Y.; Sakane, K. J. Antibiot. 1990, 43, 513-518. Cispentacin is a compound of synthetic interest: (e) Fülöp, F.; Palkó, M.; Kámán, J.; Lázár, L.; Sillanpää, R. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2000, 11, 4179-4187. (f) Aggarwal, V. K.; Roseblade, S. J.; Barrell, J. K.; Alexander, R. Org. Lett. 2002, 7, 1227-1229.
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0025338480
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Cispentacin has recently been isolated from Bacillus cereus and Streptomyces setonii and shown to have potent activity as an antifungal antibiotic in mice. See: (a) Konishi, M.; Nishio, M.; Saitoh, T.; Miyaki, T.; Oki, T.; Kawaguchi, H. J. Antibiot. 1989, 42, 1749-1755. (b) Oki, T.; Hirano, M.; Tomatsu, K.; Numata, K.; Kamei, H. J. Antibiot. 1989, 42, 1756-1762. (c) Iwamoto, T.; Tsujii, E.; Ezaki, M.; Fujie, A.; Hashimoto, S.; Okuhara, M.; Kohsaka, M.; Imanaka, H. J. Antibiot. 1990, 43, 1-7. (d) Kawabata, K.; Inamoto, Y.; Sakane, K. J. Antibiot. 1990, 43, 513-518. Cispentacin is a compound of synthetic interest: (e) Fülöp, F.; Palkó, M.; Kámán, J.; Lázár, L.; Sillanpää, R. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2000, 11, 4179-4187. (f) Aggarwal, V. K.; Roseblade, S. J.; Barrell, J. K.; Alexander, R. Org. Lett. 2002, 7, 1227-1229.
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Cispentacin has recently been isolated from Bacillus cereus and Streptomyces setonii and shown to have potent activity as an antifungal antibiotic in mice. See: (a) Konishi, M.; Nishio, M.; Saitoh, T.; Miyaki, T.; Oki, T.; Kawaguchi, H. J. Antibiot. 1989, 42, 1749-1755. (b) Oki, T.; Hirano, M.; Tomatsu, K.; Numata, K.; Kamei, H. J. Antibiot. 1989, 42, 1756-1762. (c) Iwamoto, T.; Tsujii, E.; Ezaki, M.; Fujie, A.; Hashimoto, S.; Okuhara, M.; Kohsaka, M.; Imanaka, H. J. Antibiot. 1990, 43, 1-7. (d) Kawabata, K.; Inamoto, Y.; Sakane, K. J. Antibiot. 1990, 43, 513-518. Cispentacin is a compound of synthetic interest: (e) Fülöp, F.; Palkó, M.; Kámán, J.; Lázár, L.; Sillanpää, R. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2000, 11, 4179-4187. (f) Aggarwal, V. K.; Roseblade, S. J.; Barrell, J. K.; Alexander, R. Org. Lett. 2002, 7, 1227-1229.
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0037018451
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Cispentacin has recently been isolated from Bacillus cereus and Streptomyces setonii and shown to have potent activity as an antifungal antibiotic in mice. See: (a) Konishi, M.; Nishio, M.; Saitoh, T.; Miyaki, T.; Oki, T.; Kawaguchi, H. J. Antibiot. 1989, 42, 1749-1755. (b) Oki, T.; Hirano, M.; Tomatsu, K.; Numata, K.; Kamei, H. J. Antibiot. 1989, 42, 1756-1762. (c) Iwamoto, T.; Tsujii, E.; Ezaki, M.; Fujie, A.; Hashimoto, S.; Okuhara, M.; Kohsaka, M.; Imanaka, H. J. Antibiot. 1990, 43, 1-7. (d) Kawabata, K.; Inamoto, Y.; Sakane, K. J. Antibiot. 1990, 43, 513-518. Cispentacin is a compound of synthetic interest: (e) Fülöp, F.; Palkó, M.; Kámán, J.; Lázár, L.; Sillanpää, R. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2000, 11, 4179-4187. (f) Aggarwal, V. K.; Roseblade, S. J.; Barrell, J. K.; Alexander, R. Org. Lett. 2002, 7, 1227-1229.
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0242666202
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It is of interest to note that the lithiation/transmetalation/ substitution reactions with cyclohexyl allylamine 12 do not suffer the stereoselectivity problems observed for reaction of lithiated intermediates 56 and rot-56 with alkyl bromides.
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0242414533
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13C NMR. See ref 22.
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45
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0242414531
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A possibility exists that the rotamers do not, in fact, interconvert on the time scale of the reaction and that the energies of activation for reaction with electrophile are coincidentally the same,
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0242666201
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The absolute configurations of the products obtained by transmetalation with TiCl(OiIPr)3 were determined by O-protection and hydrolysis to the corresponding O-protected aldehyde (vide supra). Comparison of optical rotations was made with aldehydes 50 and 51, whose absolute configuration was determined by X-ray crystal analysis of derivatives.
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49
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4243442060
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Although unusual, a pentacoordinate titanium atom is not unprecedented. The geometry around the titanium atom is postulated as trigonal bipyramidal. For an X-ray crystal structure of a pentacoordinate titanium complex, see: Kirschbaum, K.; Conrad, O.; Giolando, D. M. Acta Crystallogr., Sect. C 2000, C56, e541. For proposals of other reaction pathways through a pentacoordinate titanium complex, see: Adam, W.; Corma, A.; Reddy, T. I.; Renz, M. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 3631-3637 and ref 2a.
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Although unusual, a pentacoordinate titanium atom is not unprecedented. The geometry around the titanium atom is postulated as trigonal bipyramidal. For an X-ray crystal structure of a pentacoordinate titanium complex, see: Kirschbaum, K.; Conrad, O.; Giolando, D. M. Acta Crystallogr., Sect. C 2000, C56, e541. For proposals of other reaction pathways through a pentacoordinate titanium complex, see: Adam, W.; Corma, A.; Reddy, T. I.; Renz, M. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 3631-3637 and ref 2a.
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