Posterior encephalopathy: Neuroradiological findings, etiology and clinical course;Posteriore enzephalopathie: Neuroradiologische befunde, ursachen und klinischer verlauf

Klinische Neuroradiologie

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 34-44

  Weidauer, Stefan ^a   Gaa, Jochen ^a   Neumann Haefelin, Tobias ^a   Lanfermann, Heinrich ^a   Zanella, Friedhelm E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL FRANKFURT   (Germany)

Author keywords

Cyclosporine A; Eclampsia; MRI; Posterior encephalopathy

Indexed keywords

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CISPLATIN; CYCLOSPORIN A;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BRAIN DISEASE; BRAIN NECROSIS; CHILD; CLINICAL FEATURE; DIFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGING; DISEASE COURSE; DISORIENTATION; FEMALE; HEADACHE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; NEURORADIOLOGY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; POSTERIOR ENCEPHALOPATHY; PREECLAMPSIA; SEIZURE; VASCULAR DISEASE; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT;

EID: 0037347853     PISSN: 09397116     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00062-003-4350-x     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Antunes NL, Small TN, George D, Boulad F, Lis E. Posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome may not be reversible. Pediatr Neurol 1999; 20:241-3.
2. Ay H, Buonanno FS, Schäfer PW, Le DA, Wang B, Gonzales RG, Koroshetz WJ. Posterior leukoencephalopathy without severe hypertension: utility of diffusion-weighted MRI. Neurology 1998;53:1372-3.
3. de Bruijn SFTM, de Haan RJ, Stam J. Clinical features and prognostic factors of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in a prospective series of 59 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001;70:105-8.
4. Caplan LR. "Top of the basilar" syndrome. Neurology 1980;30:72-9.
5. Casey S, Sampaio RC, Michel E, Truwit CL. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: utility of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MR imaging in the detection of cortical and subcortical lesions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2000;21:1199-206.
6. Celik M, Forta H, Dalkilic T, Babacan G. MRI reveals reversible lesions resembling posterior reversible encephalopathy in porphyria. Neuroradiology 2002;44:839-41.
7. Chan S, Chin SS, Kartha K. Reversible signal abnormalities in the hippocampus and Neocortex after prolonged seizures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1996;17:1725-31.
8. Coley SC, Porter DA, Calamante F, Chong WK, Connelly A. Quantitative MR diffusion mapping and cyclosporine-induced neurotoxicity. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1999;20:1507-10.
9. Coughlin WF, McMurdo K, Reeves T. MR imaging of postpartum cortical blindness. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1989;13:572-6.
10. Covarrubias DJ, Luetmer PH, Campeau NG. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: prognostic utility of quantitative diffusionweighted MR images. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2002;23:1038-48.
11. Cunningham FG, Fernandez CO, Hernandez C. Blindness associated with preeclampsia and eclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995;172:1291-8.
12. Dillon WP, Rowley H. The reversible posterior cerebral edema syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998;19:591.
13. Engelter ST, Provenzale JM, Petrella JR. Assessment of vasogenic edema in eclampsia using diffusion imaging. Neuroradiology 2000; 42:818-20.
14. Gijtenbeek JM, van den Bent MJ, Vecht CJ. Cyclosporine neurotoxicity: a review. J Neurol 1999;246:339-46.
15. Giminez-Mesa E, Martinez-Salio A, Porta-Etessam J, Berbel Garcia A, Cedena Romero T, Salam Bendoyan P. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy in a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma after treatment with CHOP. An Med Interna 2001;18:591-3.
16. Higman MA, Port JD, Beauchamp NJ, Chen AR. Reversible leukoencephalopathy associated with reinfusion of DMSO preserved stem cells. Bone Marrow Transplant 2000;26:797-800.
17. Hinchey J, Chaves C, Appignani B, Breen J, Pao L, Wang A, Pessni MS, Lamy C, Mas JL, Caplan LR. A reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. N Engl J Med 1996;334:494-500.
18. Ito Y, Arahata Y, Goto Y, Hirayama M. Cisplatin neurotoxicity presenting as reversible posterior leukoencephylopathy syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998;19:415-7.
19. Ito T, Sakai T, Inagawa S, Utsu M, Bun T. MR angiography of cerebral vasospasm in preeclampsia. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1995;16:1344-6.
20. Kastrup O, Maschke M, Wanke I, Diener HC. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to severe hypercalcemia. J. Neurol 2002; 249:1563-6.
21. Lansberg MG, O'Brien MW, Norbash AM. MRI abnormalities associated with partial status epilepticus. Neurology 1999;52:1021-7.
22. Lewis LK, Hinshaw DB, Will AD, Hasso AN, Thompson JR. CT and angiographic correlation of severe neurological disease in toxemia of pregnancy. Neuroradiology 1988;30:59-64.
23. Lewis MB. Cyclosporine neurotoxicity after chemotherapy: cyclosporine causes reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. BMJ 1999;319:54-5.
24. Lin JT, Wang SJ, Fuh JL, Hsiao LT, Lirng LJ, Chen PM. Prolonged reversible vasospasm in cyclosporin A-induced encephalopathy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2003;24:102-4.
25. Manfredi M, Beltramello A, Bongiovanni LG, Polo A, Pistoia L, Rizzuto N. Eclamptic encephalopathy: imaging and pathogenetic considerations. Acta Neurol Scand 1997;96:277-82.
26. Mukherjee P, McKinstry RC. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: evaluation with diffusiontensor MR imaging. Radiology 2001;219:756-65.
27. Pavlakis SG, Frank Y, Chusid R. Hypertensive encephalopathy, reversible occipitoparietal encephalopathy, or reversible posterior leukencephalopathy: three names for an old syndrome. J Child Neurol 1999;14:277-81.
28. Port JD, Beauchamp NJ. Reversible intracerebral pathologic entities mediated by vascular autoregulatory dysfunction. Radiographics 1998;18:353-67.
29. Provenzale JM, Petrella JR, Cruz LCH, Wong JC, Engelter S, Barboriak DB. Quantitative assessment of diffusion abnormalities in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2001; 22:1455-61.
30. Raps EC, Galetta SL, Broderick M, Atlas SW. Delayed peripartum vasculopathy: cerebral eclampsia revisited. Ann Neurol 1993;33:222-5.
31. Russell MT, Nassif AS, Cacyorin ED, Awwad E, Perman W, Dunphy F. Gemcitabine-associated posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: MR imaging and MR spectroscopy findings. Magn Reson Imaging 2001;19:129-32.
32. Schäfer PW, Buonanno FS, Gonzalez RG, Schwamm LH. Diffusionweighted imaging discriminates between cytotoxic and vasogenic edema in a patient with eclampsia. Stroke 1997;28:1082-5.
33. Schäfer PW, Gonzales RG, Hunter G, Wang B, Koroshetz WJ, Schwamm LH. Diagnostic value of apparent diffusion coefficient hyperintensity in selected patients with acute neurologic deficits. J Neuroimaging 2001;11:369-80.
34. Schwartz RB, Bravo SM, Klufas RA, Hsu L, Barnes PD, Robson CD, Antin JH. Cyclosporine neurotoxity and its relationship to hyperintensive encephalopathy: CT and MR findings in 16 cases. Am J Roentgenol 1995;165:627-31.
35. Schwartz RB, Feske SK, Polak JF, DeGirolami U, Iaia A, Beckner KM, Bravo SM, Klufas RA, Chai RYC, Repke JT. Preeclamsia - eclampsia: clinical and neuroradiographic correlates and insights into the pathogenesis of hyperintensive encephalopathy. Radiology 2000; 217:371-6.
36. Sengar AR, Gupta RA, Dhanuka AK, Roy R, Das K. MR imaging, MR angiography, and MR spectroscopy of the brain in eclampsia. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1997;18:1485-90.
37. Sticherling C, Berkefeld J, Auch-Schwelk W, Lanfermann H. Transient bilateral cortical blindness after coronary angiography. Lancet 1998; 351:570.
38. Sundgren PC, Edvardsson B, Holtȧs S. Serial investigation of perfusion disturbances and vasogenic edema in hyperintensive encephalopathy by diffusion and perfusion weighted imaging. Neuroradiology 2002;44:299-304.
39. Trommer BL, Homer D, Mikhael MA. Cerebral vasospasm and eclampsia. Stroke 1988;19:326-9.
40. Tuxhorn I, Holthausen H, Ebener A, Noachtar S. Reversible cortical edema mimicking cortical dysplasia in mitochondrial disorder. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994;57:1439.
41. Uson-Martin M, Gracia-Naya M. Top of the basilar artery syndrome: clinico-radiological aspects of 25 patients. Rev Neurol 1999;28:698-701.
42. Utz N, Kinkel B, Hedde JP, Bewermeyer H. MR imaging of acute intermittent porphyria mimicking reversible posterior leukencephalopathy syndrome. Neuroradiology 2001;43:1059-62.
43. Weidauer S, Nichtweiß M, Lanfermann H, Claus D, Zanella FE: Rostrale mesenzephale und paramediane thalamische Infarkte - Ursachen und klinischer Verlauf. Klin Neuroradiol 2001;11:6-19.
44. Weidauer S, Krakow K, Lanfermann H, Zanella FE. Reversible kortikale MRT-Veränderungen infolge einer Anfallserie. Nervenarzt 2001;72:958-62.
45. Yaffe K, Ferriero D, Barkovich AJ, Rowley H. Reversible MRI abnorrealities following seizures. Neurology 1995;45:104-8.
46. Zunker P, Golombeck K, Brossmann J, Georgiadis D, Deuschl G. Postpartum cerebral angiopathy: repetitive TCD, MRI, MRA and EEG examinations. Neurol Res 2002;24:570-2.
47. Zwicker JC, Sila CA. MRI findings in a case of transient cortical blindness after cardiac catheterisation. Cathet cardiovas Intervent 2002; 57:47-9.