Learning disabilities and the menopause

Menopause International

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 22-26

  Martin, David M ^a   Kakumani, Seetal ^a   Cassidy, Geraldine ^a   Martin, Mary S ^b  

^a Brooklands Hospital   (United Kingdom)

^b Shanklin House Surgery   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Communication; learning disabilities; menopause; mental retardation; osteoporosis

Indexed keywords

DISABLED PERSON; FEMALE; HUMAN; MENOPAUSE; MENTAL DEFICIENCY; REVIEW;

DISABLED PERSONS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MENOPAUSE; MENTAL RETARDATION;

EID: 0037347648     PISSN: 17540453     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/136218070300900108     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. Department of Education and Science, Scottish Education Department and Welsh Office. Meeting special educational needs: a brief guide by Mrs Mary Warnock to the report of the Committee of Enquiry into Education of handicapped children and young people. 1978 HMSO. London.
2. Eayrs CB, Ellis E, Jones SP. Which label? An investigation into the effects of terminology on public perceptions of and attitudes towards people with learning difficulties. Disabil Handicap Soc 1993; 8: 111–127.
3. World Health Organisation. The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: Clinical descriptions and diagnostic Guidelines (CDDG). 1992 WHO. Geneva.
4. Department of Health. Valuing people: a new strategy for learning disability for the 21st Century. 2001 NHS Executive. London.
5. Katusic AK, Colligan RC, Beard CM, et al. Mental retardation in a birth cohort, 1976–1980, Rochester, Minnesota. Am J Ment Retard 1995; 100: 335–344.
6. Beange H, Taplin JE. Prevalence of intellectual disability in northern Sydney adults. J Intellect Disabil Res 1996; 4: 191–197.
7. The Mental Health Foundation. Learning Disabilities: The Fundamental Facts. 1993 The Mental Health Foundation. London.
8. Morgan CL, Ahmed Z, Kerr MP. Health care provision for people with a learning disability. Br J Psychiat 2000; 176: 37–41.
9. Patja K, Iivanainen M, Vesala H, et al. Life expectancy of people with intellectual disability: a 35–year follow-up study. J Intellect Disabil Res 2000; 44: 591–599.
10. Chicoine B, McGuire D. Longevity of a woman with Down's syndrome: a case study. Ment Retard 1997; 35: 477–479.
11. Bittles AH, Petterson BA, Sullivan SG, et al. The influence of intellectual disability on life expectancy. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2002; 57: 470–472.
12. Deb S. Behavioural phenotypes. In: Psychiatry in learning disability (ed. Read SG ) 1997 Saunders. London. 93–116.
13. Corbett JA. Psychiatric morbidity and mental retardation. In: James FE Gaskill RP (eds) Psychiatric Illness and Mental Handicap 1979, pp 11–25. Gaskill Press. London.
14. Bernal J, Hollins S. Psychiatric illness and learning disability: a dual diagnosis. Adv Psychiat Treat 1995; 1: 138–145.
15. Emerson E, Barrett S, Bell C, et al. Developing Services for People with Severe Learning Difficulties and Challenging Behaviours. 1987. University of Kent. Institute of Social and Applied Psychology. Canterbury.
16. Qureshi H, Alborz A. Epidemiology of challenging behaviour. Ment Handicap Res 1992; 5: 130–145.
17. Emerson E, Kiernan C, Alborz A, et al. The prevalence of challenging behaviors: a total population study. Res Dev Disabil 2001; 22: 77–93.
18. Department of Health. Nothing without us. The service users advisory group report to the government. 2001. DoH Publications. London.
19. Fraser WI. Three decades after Penrose. Br J Psychiat 2000; 176: 10–11.
20. Oliver PC, Piachaud J, Done J, et al. Difficulties in conducting a randomised controlled trial of health service interventions in intellectual disability. J Intellect Disabil Res 2002; 46: 340–345.
21. Craft A, and members of the Nottinghamshire SLD Sex Education Project (1991). Living your life: a sex education and personal development programme for students with severe learning difficulties. 1991. LDA. Wisbech.
22. Brigham L. Representing the lives of women with learning difficulties: ethical dilemmas in the research process. Br J Learn Disabil 1998; 26: 46–150.
23. Martin DM, Cassidy G, Ahmad F, Martin MS. Women with learning disabilities and the menopause. J Learn Disabil 2001; 5: 121–132.
24. Millard L. Between ourselves - experiences of a women's group on sexuality In: Practice Issues in Sexuality and Learning Disabilities. Ed. Craft A, 1994. Routledge. London and New York.
25. Conway GS, Payne NN, Webb J, et al. Fragile X premutation screening in women with premature ovarian failure. Hum Reprod 1998; 13: 1184–1187.
26. Marozzi A, Vegetti W, Manfredini E, et al. Association between idiopathic premature ovarian failure and Fragile X premutation. Hum Reprod 2000; 15: 197–202.
27. Elsheikh M, Wass JAH. Turner's syndrome: what are the issues? J Br Meno Soc 2002; 8: 75–76.
28. Patel BN, Seltzer GB, Wu HS, Schupf N. Effect of menopause on cognitive performance in women with Down's syndrome. Neuroreport, 2001; 12: 2659–2662.
29. Domm JA, Parker EE, Reed GW, et al. Factors affecting access to menopause information. Menopause 2000; 7: 62–67.
30. McCarthy M. Responses to women with learning disabilities as they go through the menopause. Tizard Learn Disabil Rev 2002; 7: 4–12.
31. McCarthy M, Millard L. Discussing the menopause with women with learning disabilities. Br J Learn Disabil. (In Press)
32. British Institute of Learning Disabilities (BILD). Sex. 1998. BILD Publications. Kidderminster.
33. Ward L. Women with learning disabilities and the menopause. Tizard Learn Disabil Rev 2002; 7: 13–16.
34. Kalache A. Ageing and intellectual disability. J Intellect Disabil Res 2000; 44: 340.
35. Janicki MP, Davidson PW, Henderson C.M., et al. Health characteristics and health services utilization in older adults with intellectual disability living in community residences. J Intellect Disabil Res 2002; 46: 287–298.
36. Schupf N, Zigman W, Kapell D, et al. Early menopause in women with Down's syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 1997; 41: 264–267.
37. Cosgrave MP, Tyrrell J, McCarron M, et al. Age at onset of dementia and age of menopause in women with Down's syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 1999; 43: 461–465.
38. Meschia M, Pansini F, Modena AB, et al. Determinants of age at menopause in Italy: results from a large cross-sectional study. ICARUS Study Group. Italian Climacteric Research Group Study. Maturitas 2000; 34: 119–125.
39. Carr J, Hollins S. Brief report: Menopause in women with learning disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res 1995; 39: 137–139.
40. Paganini-Hill A. Oestrogen replacement therapy and Alzheimer's disease. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1996; 103(Suppl 13): 80–86.
41. Aspray TJ, Francis RM, Thompson A, et al. Comparison of ultrasound measurements at the heel between adults with mental retardation and control subjects. Bone 1998; 22: 665–668.
42. Wagermans AMA, Foilet JFBM. van der Lindern ES, et al. Osteoporosis and intellectual disability: is there any relation? J Intellect Disabil Res 1998; 42: 370–374.
43. Lohiya GS, Crinella FM, Tan-Figueroa L, et al. Fracture epidemiology and control in a developmental center. West J Med 1999; 170: 203–209.
44. Center J, Beange H, McElduff A. People with Mental Retardation have An Increased prevalence of Osteoporosis: A Population Study. Am J Ment Retard 1998; 103: 19–28.
45. Plant M. The provision of primary health care for adults who have learning disabilities. Br J Develop Disabil 1997; 43: 75–78.
46. Zwahr MD, Park DC, Shifren K. Judgements about estrogen replacement therapy: the role of age, cognitive abilities, and beliefs. Psychol Aging 1999; 14: 179–191.
47. Hope S, Wager E, Rees M. Survey of British women's views on the menopause and HRT. J Br Meno Soc 1998; 4: 33–36.
48. Elkins T. A model clinical approach for the reproductive health care of persons with developmental disabilities. In: Practice Issues in Sexuality and Learning Disabilities, ed. Craft A. 1994. Routledge. London and New York.
49. Nicol-Smith L. Causality, menopause, and depression; a critical review of the literature. BMJ 1996; 313: 1229–1232.
50. Cooper S-A. Deficient health and social services for elderly people with learning disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res 1997; 41: 331–338.
51. Pearson V, David C, Ruoff C, Dyer J. Only one quarter of women with learning disability in Exeter have cervical screening. BMJ 1998; 316: 1979.
52. Kerr MP, Richards D, Glover G. Primary care for people with an intellectual disability – a group practice survey. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 1996; 9: 347–352.
53. Davies N, Duff M. Breast cancer screening for older women with intellectual disability living in community group homes. J Intellect Disabil Res 2001; 45: 253–257.
54. Halbert DR, Lloyd T, Rollings N, et al. Hormone replacement therapy usage: a 10 year experience of a solo practitioner. Maturitas 1998; 29: 67–73.