Influence of food supply and chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants on breeding success of bald eagles

Ecotoxicology

Volumn 12, Issue 1-4, 2003, Pages 95-111

  Gill, Christopher E ^a   Elliott, John E ^b  

^a SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

Author keywords

2378 TCDD; Bald eagle; DDE; Food supply; Productivity; TEQs

Indexed keywords

1,1 DICHLORO 2,2 BIS(4 CHLOROPHENYL)ETHYLENE; 2,3,7,8 TETRACHLORODIBENZO PARA DIOXIN; CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXIN; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURAN;

FOOD SUPPLY; HYDROCARBON; RAPTOR; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS;

ANIMAL FOOD; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BIOMASS; BREEDING; CANADA; CONTROLLED STUDY; EAGLE; ENERGY; FOOD CONTAMINATION; NESTING; NONHUMAN; PAPER INDUSTRY; PLASMA; PREY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PRODUCTIVITY;

ANIMALS; BENZOFURANS; BRITISH COLUMBIA; DICHLORODIPHENYL DICHLOROETHYLENE; DIET; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; FEMALE; FOOD CHAIN; FOOD CONTAMINATION; INDUSTRIAL WASTE; INSECTICIDES; MALE; PAPER; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; POPULATION DYNAMICS; RAPTORS; SOIL POLLUTANTS; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXIN;

CANADA;

ACER; ANIMALIA; CICONIIFORMES; HALIAEETUS LEUCOCEPHALUS; RAPTORES;

EID: 0037304867     PISSN: 09639292     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1022549231826     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Ann, H.B. (1973). Studies on the age and growth of the jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus). Bull. Fish. Res. Dev. Agency. 10, 73-82.
2. Anthony, R.G., Garrett, M.J. and Schuler, C.A. (1993). Environmental contaminants in bald eagles in the Columbia River estuary. J. Wildl. Manag. 57, 10-19.
3. Anthony, R.G., Frenzel, R.W., Issacs, F.B. and Garrett, M.G. (1994). Probable causes of nesting failures in Oregon's bald eagle population. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 22, 576-582.
4. Bailey, B.E. (1942). Chart of the nutritive values of British Columbia fishery products. Can. Fish. Res. Bd. Prog. Rep. Pacific Issue 53, 9-11.
5. Bilton, H.T. (1985). Length-weight relations for adult sockeye, chum, and pink salmon. Can. Manuscr.-Rep. Fish. Aquat Sci. 11.
6. Blus, L.J. (1996). DDT, DDD, and DDE in birds. In W. Nelson Beyer, G.H. Heinz and A.W. Redmon-Norwood (eds) Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife Interpreting Tissue Concentrations, pp. 49-72. Boca Raton: Lewis Publ.
7. Bortolotti, G.R. (1984). Criteria for determining age and sex of nestling bald eagles. J. Field Ornithol. 55, 467-81.
8. Bowerman, W.W. IV (1993). Regulation of bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) productivity in the Great Lakes basin: an ecological and toxicological approach. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Michigan State University, East Lansing. 291pp.
9. Bowerman, W.W, Giesy, J.P., Best, D.A. and Kramer, V.J. (1995). A review of factors affecting productivity of bald eagles in the Great Lakes region: implications for recovery, Environ. Health Perspect. 103, 51-9.
10. Broley, C.L. (1947). Migration and nesting of Florida bald eagles. Wilson Bull. 59, 3-20.
11. Carlander, K.D. (1969). Handbook of Freshwater Fishery Biology. Vol. I, 752 pp. Iowa Cooperative Fishery Unit, Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.
12. Chatwin, B.M. (1956). Age and growth of lingcod. Can. Fish. Res. Bd. Prog. Rep. Pacific Issue 105, 22-6.
13. Clemens, W.A. and Wilby, G.V. (1961). Fishes of the Pacific Coast of Canada. Bull. No. 68. Ottawa: Fisheries Research Board of Canada.
14. Colodey, A.G. and Wells, P.G. (1992). Effects of pulp and paper effluents on estuarine and marine ecosystems in Canada: a review. J. Aquat. Ecosyst. Health 1, 201-6.
15. Craigie, E.H. (1927). Notes on the total weights of the squirrel hake, the pollock, the winter flounder, and the smelt, and on the weights of the liver and gonads in the hake and in the pollock. Trans. Royal Soc. Can. 21(5), 153-73.
16. Donaldson, G.M., Shutt, J.L. and Hunter, P. (1999). Organochlorine contamination in bald eagle eggs and nestllings from the Canadian Great Lakes. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 36, 70-80.
17. Dykstra, C.J.R. (1995). Effects of contaminants, food availability, and weather on the reproductive rate of Lake Superior bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
18. Dykstra, C.R., Meyer, M.W., Warnke, D.K., Karasov, W.H., Andersen, D.E., Bowerman, W.W. and Giesy, J.P. (1998). Low reproductive rates of Lake Superior bald eagles: low food delivery rates or environmental contaminants? J. Gt. Lakes Res. 24, 32-44.
19. Elliott, J.E., Butler, R.W., Norstrom, R.J. and Whitehead, P.E. (1989). Environmental contaminants and reproductive success of great blue herons, Ardea herodias, in British Columbia, 1986-1987. Environ. Pollut. 59, 91-114.
20. Elliott, J.E. and Harris, M.L. An ecotoxicological assessment of chlorinated hydrocarbon effects on bald eagle populations. Rev. Toxicol. (in press)
21. Elliott, J.E., Harris, M.L., Wilson, L.K., Whitehead, P.E. and Norstrom, R.J. (2001). Monitoring spatial and temporal trends in polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in eggs of great blue herons (Ardea herodias) on the coast of British Columbia, Canada, 1983-1998. Ambio 30, 416-28.
22. Elliott, J.E. and Martin, P.A. (1998). Chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants in grebes and seaducks wintering on the coast of British Columbia, Canada, 1988-1992. Environ. Monitor. Assess. 53, 337-62.
23. Elliott, J.E., Moul, I.E. and Cheng, K.M. (1998). Variable reproductive success of bald eagles on the British Columbia coast. J. Wildl. Manag. 62, 518-29.
24. Elliott, J.E. and Norstrom, R. (1998). Chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants and productivity of bald eagle populations on the Pacific coast of Canada. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17, 1142-53.
25. Elliott, J.E., Norstrom, R.J. and Smith, G.E.J. (1996a). Patterns, trends and toxicological significance of chlorinated hydrocarbon and mercury contaminants in bald eagle eggs from the Pacific coast of Canada, 1990-1994. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 31, 354-67.
26. Elliott, J.E., Norstrom, R.J., Lorenzen, A.L., Hart, L.E., Philibert, H., Kennedy, S.W., Stegeman, J.J., Bellward, G.D. and Cheng, K.M. (1996b). Biological effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls in bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) chicks. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15, 782-93.
27. Elliott, K.H., Struick, C.L. and Elliott, J.E. Bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) feeding on spawning plainfin midshipman (Porichthys notatus) at Crescent Beach, British Columbia. Can Field Nat. (in press).
28. Food Composition and Nutrition Tables (1989/90). 4th edition, pp. 319-61, Stuttgart, Germany: Wissenschaftliche verlagsgesellschaft.
29. Fox, G.A., Gilman, A.P., Peakall, D.R. and Anderka, F.W. (1978). Behavioural abnormalities of nesting Lake Ontario herring gulls. J. Wildl. Manag. 42, 477-83.
30. Fraser, J.D., Frenzel, L.D., Mathisen, J.E., Martin, F. and Shough, M.E. (1983). Scheduling bald eagle reproduction surveys. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 11(1), 13-16.
31. Gamboa, D.A. (1991). Otolith size versus weight and body-length relationships for eleven fish species of Baja, California, Mexico. Fish. Bull. 89, 701-6.
32. Gende, S.M., Wilson, M.F. and Jacobsen, M. (1997). Reproductive success of bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and its association with habitat or landscape features and weather in southeast Alaska. Can. J. Zoo. 75, 1595-604.
33. Gilbertson, M., Kubiak, T.J., Ludwig, J.P. and Fox, G.A. (1990). Great Lakes embryo mortality, edema and deformities syndrome (GLEMEDS) in colonial fish-eating birds: similarity to chick-edema disease. D63785. Final Report. International Joint Commission. Windsor ON Canada.
34. Gill, C.E. (1998). Environmental contaminants, food availability and reproduction of bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada, Unpubl. 148pp.
35. Hart, J.L., Tester, A.L., Beall, D. and Tully, J.P. (1939). Proximate analysis of British Columbia herring in relation to season and condition factor. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 4, 478-90.
36. Heinz, G.H. and Johnson, R.W. (1982). Diagnostic brain residues of dieldrin: some new insights. In Lamb and Kenega (eds) Avian and Mammalian Toxicology, pp. 79-92. American Society of Testing Materials.
37. Helander, B. (1985). Reproduction of the white-tailed sea eagle Haliaeetus albicilla in Sweden. Holarctic Ecol. 8, 211-27.
38. Hislop, J.R.G., Harris, M.P. and Smith, G.M. (1991). Variation in the calorific value and total energy content of the lesser sandeel (Ammodytes marinus) and other fish preyed upon by seabirds. J. Zool. London 224, 501-17.
39. Hoffman, D.J., Rice, C.P. and Kubiak, T.J. (1996). PCBs and dioxins in birds. In W.N. Beyer, G.H. Heinz and A.W. Redmon-Norwood (eds) Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations, pp. 165-207. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
40. Jenkins, J.M., Jurek, R.M., Garcelon, D.K., Mesta, R., Hunt, W.G., Jackman, R.E., Driscoll, D.E. and Risebrough, R.W. (1994). DDE contamination and population parameters of bald eagles Haliaeetus leucocephalus in California and Arizona, USA. In B.U. Meyburg, R.D. Chancellor (eds) Raptor Conservation Today, pp. 751-6. Berlin: World Working Group on Birds of Prey, Pica Press.
41. Keith, J.O. and Mitchell, C.A. (1993). Effects of DDE and food stress on reproduction and body condition of ringed turtle doves. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 25, 192-203.
42. Knight, R.L., Randolph, P.J., Allen, G.T., Young, L.S. and Wigen, R.J. (1991). Diets of nesting bald eagles, Haliaeetus leucocephalus, in western Washington. Can. Field. Nat. 17, 1323-31.
43. Kubiak, T.J., Harris, H.J., Smith, L.M., Schwartz, T.R., Stalling, D.L., Trick, J.A., Sileo, L., Docherty, D.E. and Erdman, T.C. (1989). Microcontaminants and reproductive impairment of the Forster's tern on Green Bay, Lake Michigan - 1983. Archiv. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 18, 706-27.
44. Matz, A.C. (1998). Organochlorine contaminants and bald eagles Haliaeetus leucocephalus in Maine: investigations at three ecological scales. Unpubl. PhD Thesis, University of Maine.
45. McArthur, M.L.B., Fox, G.A., Peakall, D.B. and Philogene, B.J.R. (1983). Ecological significance of behavioral and hormonal abnormalities in breeding ring doves fed an organochlorine chemical mixture. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 12, 343-53.
46. McFarlane, G.A. and Beamish, R.J. (1999). Sardines return to British Columbia waters. In Proceedings of the 1998 Science Board Symposium on the Impacts of the 1997/98 El Nino Event on the North Pacific Ocean and its Marginal Seas. PICES Scientific Report No. 10, pp. 77-82.
47. Newson, S.C., Sandau, C.D., Elliott, J.E., Brown, S.B. and Norstrom, R.J. (2000). PCBs and hydroxylated metabolites in bald eagle plasma - comparison to thyroid hormone and retinol levels. Proc. Int. Conf. On Environ. Contam. 7-11 May, 2000, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
48. Newton, I. (1979). Population Ecology of Raptors. 399pp. Vermilion SD: Buteo Books.
49. Newton, I. (1986). The Sparrowhawk, 306pp, Calton UK: T & A D Poyser.
50. Peterson, R.E., Theobold, H.M. and Kimmel, G.L. (1993). Developmental and reproductive toxicity of dioxins and related compounds: cross species comparisons. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 23, 283-335.
51. Phillips, D.L., Pirkle, J.L., Burse, V.W., Bernert, J.T. Jr., Henderson, I.O. and Needham, L.I. (1989). Chlorinated hydrocarbon levels in human serum: effects of fasting and feeding. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 18, 495-500.
52. Sanderson, J.T., Elliott, J.E., Norstrom, R.J.. Whitehead, P.E., Hart, L.E., Cheng, K.M. and Bellward, G.D. (1994). Monitoring biological effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls in great blue herons (Ardea herodias) in British Columbia. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 41, 435-50.
53. Sprunt, A. IV, Robertson, B.W. Jr, Postupalsky, S., Hensel, R.J., Knoder, C.E. and Ligas, F.J. (1973). Comparative productivity of six bald eagle populations. Trans. No. Amer. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf. 38, 96-106.
54. Thomson, R.E. (1981). Oceanography of the British Columbia coast. Can. Special Publ. on Fish Aquat. Sci. 56.
55. Thompson, H.V. and King, C.M. (1994). The European rabbit. The History and Biology of a Successful Colonizer. 245pp. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
56. Van den Berg, M et al. (1998). Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife. Environ. Health Perspect. 106, 775-92.
57. Vermeer, K. (1983). Marine bird populations in the Strait of Georgia: comparison with the west coast of Vancouver Island. Can. Tech. Rep. Hydrogr. Ocean. Sci.
58. Vermeer, K., Morgan, K.H., Butler, R.W. and Smith, G.E.J. (1989). Population, nesting habitat, and food of bald eagles in the Gulf Islands. In K. Vermeer, R.W. Butler (eds) The Ecology and Status of Marine and Shoreline Birds in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia., pp. 123-30. Special Publ. Ottawa ON, Canada: Can. Wild. Serv.
59. Watson, J.W., Garrett, M. and Anthony, R.G. (1991). Foraging ecology of bald eagles in the Columbia River Estuary. J. Wildl. Manag. 55, 492-9.
60. Welch, L.J. (1994). Contaminant burdens and reproductive rates of bald eagles breeding in Maine. Unpubl. MSc. Thesis, Univ. Maine, Orono, ME. 86pp.
61. Wiemeyer, S.N., Bunck, C.M. and Stafford, C.J. (1993). Environmental contaminants in bald eagle eggs - 1980-1984 - and further interpretation of relationships to productivity and shell thickness. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 55, 492-9.
62. Wiemeyer, S.N., Lamont, T.G., Bunck, C.M., Sindelar, C.R., Gramlich, F.J., Fraser, J.D. and Byrd, M.A. (1984). Organochlorine pesticide, polychlorobiphenyl, and mercury residues in bald eagle eggs -1969-79- and their relationships to shell thinning and reproduction. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 13, 529-49.
63. Woodford, J.E., Karasov, W.H., Meyer, M.E. and Chambers, L. (1998). Impact of 2,3,7,8-TCDD exposure on survival, growth, and behavior or ospreys breeding in Wisconsin, USA. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17, 1323-31