Trauma systems and emergency medicine

Emergency Medicine

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 11-17

  Rainer, Timothy H ^a   De Villiers Smit, Pieter ^a  

^a CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Emergency medicine; Trauma systems

Indexed keywords

ACCREDITATION; AUSTRALIA; CONCEPT FORMATION; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DECISION MAKING; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; EMERGENCY MEDICINE; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION; HEALTH CARE SYSTEM; HISTORY OF MEDICINE; MEDICAL AUDIT; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; POLITICS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLIC HEALTH; REGISTER; REVIEW; SURGERY; TRAINING; TRAUMATOLOGY;

EMERGENCY SERVICE, HOSPITAL; ENGLAND; HUMANS; MODELS, ORGANIZATIONAL; PATIENT CARE TEAM; QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE; TRAUMA CENTERS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0037297777     PISSN: 10356851     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1442-2026.2003.00401.x     Document Type: Review

References (53)

1. Murray CJL, Lopez AD. Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: Global burden of disease study. Lancet 1997; 349: 1269-76.
2. Murray CJL, Lopez AD. Alternative projections of mortality and disability by cause 1990-2020. Global burden of disease study. Lancet 1997; 349: 1498-504.
3. Shackford SR, Mackersie Holbrook T, Davis JW et al. The epidemiology of traumatic death. A population based analysis. Arch. Surg. 1993; 128: 571-5.
4. Gross CP, Anderson GF, Powe NR. The relationship between funding by the national Institutes of Health and the Burden of Disease. NEJM 1999; 340: 1881-7.
5. Cales RH. Trauma mortality in Orange County: the effect of implementation of a regional trauma system. Ann. Emerg. Med. 1984; 13: 1-10.
6. Nicholl J, Turner J. Effectiveness of a regional trauma system in reducing mortality from major trauma: before and after study. BMJ 1997; 315: 1349-54.
7. Yates DW. Regional trauma systems. BMJ 1997; 315: 1321-2.
8. Regel G, Lobenhoffer P, Grotz M, Pape HC, Lehmann U, Tscherne H. Treatment results of patients with multiple trauma: an analysis of 3406 cases treated between 1972 and 1991 at German level I trauma center. J. Trauma 1995; 38: 70-8.
9. Osterwalder JJ. Could a regional trauma system in eastern Switzerland decrease the mortality of blunt polytrauma patients? A prospective cohort study. J. Trauma 2002; 52: 1030-6.
10. Department of Human Services. Review of Trauma and Emergency Services. Acute Health Division: Victorian Government Department of Human Services, 1999.
11. Esposito TJ. Trauma and trauma care systems: In the throes of an identity crisis: A plea for changing vernacular mind-set. Arch. Surg. 2000; 135: 716-18.
12. Atweh NA. Toward the all-inclusive trauma system. J. Trauma 1999; 47 (Suppl.): S109.
13. American College of Emergency Physicians Policy Statement: Trauma Care Systems Development, Evaluation and Funding. J. Trauma 1999; 47 (Suppl.): S110.
14. Hampton OP Jr. The committee on trauma of the American college of surgeons. Bull. Am. Coll. Surg. 1972; 57: 7-13.
15. Beebe GW, DeBakey ME. Battle casualties: incidence, mortality and logistic considerations. Springfield, Illinois, USA: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1952.
16. Cales RH, Trunkey DD. Preventable trauma deaths: a review of trauma care systems development. JAMA 1985; 254: 1059-63.
17. American College of Surgeons. Advanced Trauma Life Support Student Manual. Chicago, Illinois, USA: American College of Surgeons, 1996.
18. West JG. An autopsy method for evaluating trauma care. J. Trauma 1981; 21: 32-4.
19. Zollinger RW. Traffic injuries: a surgical problem. Arch. 1955; 70: 694-700.
20. Root GT, Christensen BH. Early surgical treatment of abdominal injuries in the traffic victim. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 1957; 105: 264-7.
21. Yates DW. Airway patency in fatal accidents. BMJ 1977; 2: 1349-251.
22. Waller JA, Curran R, Noyes F. Traffic deaths: a preliminary study of urban and rural fatalities in California. Calif. Med. 1964; 101: 272-6.
23. McKoy C, Bell MJ. Preventable traumatic deaths in children. J. Pediatr. Surg. 1983; 18: 505-8.
24. Ramenofsky ML, Luterman A, Quindlen E et al. Maximum survival in pediatric trauma: the ideal system. J. Trauma 1984; 24: 818-23.
25. Frey CF, Huelke DF, Gikas PW. Resuscitation and survival in motor vehicle accidents. J. Trauma 1969; 9: 292-310.
26. Lowe DK, Gately HL, Goss JR et al. Patterns of death, complication and error in the management of motor vehicle accident victims: implications for a regional system of trauma care. J. Trauma 1983; 23: 503-9.
27. Kelly AM, Epstein J. Preventable death studies: an inappropriate tool for evaluating trauma systems. Aust. NZ J. Surg. 1997; 67: 591-2.
28. Clancy TV, Maxwell JG, Covington DL, Brinker CC, Blackman D. A statewide analysis of level I and II trauma centers for patients with major injuries. J. Trauma 2001; 51: 346-51.
29. Kane G, Wheeler NC, Cook S et al. Impact of Los Angeles County trauma system on the survival of seriously injured patients. J. Trauma 1992; 32: 576-83.
30. Mullins RJ, Veun-Stone J, Hedges JR et al. Influence of a statewide trauma system on location of hospitalization and outcome of injured patients. J. Trauma 1996; 40: 536-45.
31. Rainer TH, Houlihan KPG, Robertson CE, Beard D, Henry JM, Gordon MWG. An evaluation of paramedic activities in prehospital trauma care. Injury 1997; 28: 623-7.
32. Gennarelli TA, Champion HR, Copes WS, Sacco WJ. Comparison of mortality, morbidity, and severity of 59 713 head injured patients with 114,447 patients with extracranial injuries. J. Trauma 1994; 37: 962-8.
33. Yates DW, Woodford M, Hollis S. Preliminary analysis of the care of injured patients in 33 British hospitals: first report from the United Kingdom major trauma outcome study. BMJ 1992; 505: 737.
34. Little K, Steedman DJ, Beard D. Preliminary analysis of the care of injured patients in five Scottish teaching hospitals: first report from the Scottish Trauma Audit Group. Health Bull. 1995; 53: 55-66.
35. Association for the advancement of automative medicine. In: The Abbreviated Injury Scale (1990 Revision), Des Plaines, II, 1990.
36. American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma. In: Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient. Chicago, Illinois, USA: American College of Surgeons, 1990.
37. Baker SP, O'Neill B, Hadden W, Long WB. The Injury Severity Score: a method for describing patients with multiple injuries and evaluating emergency care. J. Trauma: Injury, Infection, Crit. Care 1974; 14: 187-96.
38. Champion HR, Sacco WJ, Copes WS, Gann DS, Gennarelli TA, Flanagan ME. A revision of the trauma score. J. Trauma 1989; 29: 623-9.
39. Boyd CR, Tolson MA, Copes WS. Evaluating trauma care: The TRISS method. J. Trauma 1987; 27: 370-8.
40. Hollis S, Yates DW, Woodford M, Foster P. Standardised comparison of performance indicators in trauma: a new approach to case-mix variation. J. Trauma 1995; 38: 763-6.
41. Dick WF, Baskett PJF. Recommendations for uniform reporting of data following major trauma: the Utstein Style. Resuscitation 1999; 42: 81-100.
42. Royal College of Surgeons of England. The Management of Patients with Major Injuries. London: RCS, 1988.
43. Wyatt JP, Henry J, Beard D. The association between seniority of accident and emergency doctor and outcome following trauma. Injury 1999; 30: 165-8.
44. Gormican SP. CRAMS scale: field triage of trauma victims. Ann. Emerg. Med. 1982; 11: 132-5.
45. Kane G, Engelhardt R, Celentano J et al. Empirical developments and evaluation of prehospital trauma triage instruments. J. Trauma 1985; 25: 482-6.
46. Richardson JD, Cross T, Lee D et al. Impact of level III verification on trauma admissions and transfer: comparisons of two rural hospitals. J. Trauma 1997; 42: 498-502.
47. DiRusso S, Holly C, Kamath R et al. Preparation and achievement of American College of Surgeons level I trauma verification raises hospital performance and improves patient outcome. J. Trauma 2001; 51: 294-9.
48. Osler TM, Vane DW, Tepas JJ, Rogers FB, Shackford SR, Badger GJ. Do pediatric trauma centers have better survival rates than adult trauma centers? An examination of the National Pediatric Trauma Registry. J. Trauma 2001; 50: 96-101.
49. Meldon SW, Reilly M, Drew BL, Mancuso C, Fallon W Jr. Trauma in the very elderly: a community-based study of outcomes at trauma and nontrauma centers. J. Trauma 2002; 52: 79-84.
50. Simons R, Kasic S, Kirkpatrick A, Vertesi L, Phang T, Appleton L. Relative importance of designation and accreditation of trauma centers during evolution of a regional trauma system. J. Trauma 2002; 52: 827-33.
51. Simons R, Kirkpatrick A. Assuring optimal trauma care: the role of trauma centre accreditation. Can J. Surg. 2002; 45: 288-95.
52. Shackford SR, Hollingsworth-Fridlund P, Cooper GF, Eastman AB. The effect of regionalisation upon the quality of trauma care as assessed by concurrent audit before and after the institution of a trauma system: a preliminary report. J. Trauma 1986; 26: 812-20.
53. Cameron PA, Dziukas L, Hadj A, Clark P, Hooper S. Patterns of injury from major trauma in Victoria. ANZ J. Surg. 1995; 65: 830-4.