Causes of episodic acidification in alpine streams

Freshwater Biology

Volumn 48, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 175-189

  Lepori, Fabio ^a   Barbieri, Alberto ^b   Ormerod, Steve J ^a,c  

^a CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b Laboratorio di Studi Ambientali   (Switzerland)

^c CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Acid deposition; Acid episodes; Alpine streams; Nitrate; Nitrogen saturation; Snowmelt; Stream acidification

Indexed keywords

ACID DEPOSITION; ACIDIFICATION; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; EPISODIC EVENT; MOUNTAIN STREAM; NITRATE; SNOWMELT;

SWITZERLAND;

EID: 0037230431     PISSN: 00465070     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2427.2003.00972.x     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Aber J.D., McDowell W., Nadelhoffer K.J., Magill A., Berntson G., Kamakea M., McNulty S., Currie W., Rustad L. & Fernandez I. (1998) Nitrogen saturation in temperate forest ecosystems: hypotheses revisited. Bioscience, 48, 921-934.
2. Aber J.D., Nadelhoffer K.J., Steudler P. & Melillo J.M. (1989) Nitrogen saturation in northern forest ecosystems. Bioscience, 39, 378-386.
3. Barbieri A. & Mosello R. (2000) Recent trends in chemistry and mass budget of a high altitude lake in the southern Alps (Laghetto Inferiore, Cantone Ticino, Switzerland). Journal of Limnology, 59, 103-112.
4. Barbieri A., Mosello R. & Simona M. (2001) Chemical and biological features of a high altitude lake in the southern Alps (Laghetto Inferiore, Switzerland). Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management, 6, 49-61.
5. Barbieri A. & Pozzi S. (2001) Acidifying Deposition. Southern Switzerland, 134. Swiss Agency for the Environment, Forests and Landscape (SAEFL), Bern.
6. Barbieri A. & Righetti G. (1987) Chimica delle deposizioni atmosferiche nel Canton Ticino Ed effetti sulle acque dei laghi alpini d'alta quota. Documenta Dell'istituto Italiano Di Idrobiologia, 14, 19-34.
7. Bishop K.H. & Laudon H. (2000) Separating natural and anthropogenic components of spring flood decline: a method for areas that are not chronically acidified. Water Resources Research, 36, 1873-1884.
8. Boggero A., Marchetto A., Barbieri A., Sassi A., Conedera M., Tartari G.A. & Mosello R. (1996) Idrochimica dei laghi alpini del Canton Ticino (Alpi Centrali) in relazione con la chimica delle precipitazioni. Documenta Dell'istituto Italiano Di Idrobiologia, 57, 1-273.
9. Borg H. (1986) Metal speciation in acidified mountain streams in central Sweden. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 30, 1007-1014.
10. Bourcart F.E. (1906) Les Lacs Alpins Suisses. Etude Chimique et Physique. Thèse, Université de Genève, Georg et Co., Genève.
11. Brakke D.F., Henriksen A. & Norton S.A. (1989) Estimated background sulfate in dilute lakes. Water Resources Bulletin, 25, 247-253.
12. Campbell D.H., Baron J.S., Tonnessen K.A., Brooks P.D. & Schuster P.F. (2000) Controls on nitrogen flux in alpine/subalpine watersheds of Colorado. Water Resources Research, 36, 37-47.
13. Cirmo C.P. & McDonnell J.J. (1997) Linking the hydrologic and biogeochemical controls of nitrogen transport in near-stream zones of temperate-forested catchments: a review. Journal of Hydrology, 199, 88-120.
14. Cotti G., Felber M., Fossati A., Lucchini G., Steiger E. & Zanon P.L. (1990) Introduzione al Paesaggio Naturale del Cantone Ticino. 1. Le Componenti Naturali. Dipartimento dell'ambiente, Cantone Ticino.
15. Davies T.D., Tranter M., Wigington P.J. & Eshleman K.N. (1992) 'Acidic episodes' in surface waters in Europe. Journal of Hydrology, 132, 25-69.
16. DeWalle D.R. & Swistock B.R. (1994) Causes of episodic acidification in five Pennsylvania streams on the northern Appalachian Plateau. Water Resources Research, 30, 1955-1963.
17. Dise N.B., Matzner E. & Gundersen P. (1998) Synthesis of nitrogen pools and fluxes from European forest ecosystems. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 105, 143-154.
18. Driscoll C.T. & Schafran G.C. (1984) Short-term changes in the base neutralizing capacity of an acidic Aidirondack lake, New York. Nature, 310, 308-310.
19. Edwards A.C., Creasey J. & Cresser M.S. (1986) Soil freezing effects on upland stream solute chemistry. Water Research, 20, 831-834.
20. Galloway J.N., Hendrey G.R., Schofield C.L., Peters N.E. & Johannes A.H. (1987) Processes and causes of lake acidification during spring snowmelt in the westcentral Adirondack Mountains, New York. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 44, 1595-1602.
21. Gherini S.A., Chen C.W., Mok L., Goldstein R.A., Hudson R.J.M. & Davis G.F. (1985) The ILWAS model: formulation and application. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 26, 425-459.
22. Giovanoli R., Schnoor J.L., Sigg L., Stumm W. & Zobrist J. (1988) Chemical weathering of crystalline rocks in the catchment area of acidic Ticino lakes, Switzerland. Clays and Clay Minerals, 36, 521-529.
23. Gordon N.D., McMahon T.A. & Finlayson B.L. (1992) Stream Hydrology: an Introduction for Ecologists. Wiley, Chichester, UK.
24. Guilizzoni P., Lami A. & Marchetto A. (1993) The sediment core analyses in high altitude lakes of Central Alps: comparison of three inferring-pH techniques and effect of temperature in lake acidification. Memorie Dell'istituto Italiano Di Idrobiologia, 52, 387-400.
25. Håvind H. (2000) Intercomparison 0014. pH, Conductivity, Nitrate + Nitrite, Chloride, Sulfate, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Total Aluminium, Reactive and Nonlabile Aluminium, Dissolved Organic Carbon, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn. NIVA-report SNO 4281-2000. ICP-waters report 55/2000. NIVA, Oslo.
26. Hemond H.F. (1994) Role of organic acids in acidification of fresh waters. In: Acidification of Freshwater Ecosystems: Implications for the Future (Eds Steinberg, C.E.W. & Wright, R.F.), pp. 103-115. Wiley, Chichester, UK.
27. Henriksen A. (1982) Susceptibility of surface waters to acidification. In: Acid Rain/Fisheries (Ed. Johnson, R.E.), pp. 103-121. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD, USA.
28. Johannessen M. & Henriksen A. (1978) Chemistry of snow meltwater: changes in concentration during melting. Water Resources Research, 14, 615-619.
29. Kahl J.S., Norton S.A., Haines T.A., Rochette E.A., Heath R.H. & Nodvin C. (1992) Mechanisms of episodic acidification in low-order streams in Maine, USA. Environmental Pollution, 78, 37-44.
30. Laudon H. & Bishop K.H. (1999) Quantifying sources of acid neutralisation capacity depression during spring floods episodes in Northern Sweden. Environmental Pollution, 105, 427-453.
31. Laudon H., Westling O. & Bishop K. (2000) Cause of pH decline in stream water during spring melt runoff in northern Sweden. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 57, 1888-1900.
32. Laudon H., Westling O., Logfren S. & Bishop K. (2001) Modeling preindustrial ANC and pH during the spring flood in northern Sweden. Biogeochemistry, 54, 171-195.
33. Likens G.E. & Bormann F.H. (1995) Biogeochemistry of a Forested Ecosystem. Springer-Verlag, New York.
34. Marchetto A., Barbieri A., Mosello R. & Tartari G. (1994) Acidification and weathering processes in high mountain lakes in Southern Alps. Hydrobiologia, 274, 75-81.
35. Marchetto A. & Lami A. (1994) Reconstruction of pH by chrysophycean scales in some lakes of the Southern Alps. Hydrobiologia, 274, 83-90.
36. Molot L.A.P.J. & Dillon & LaZerte B.D. (1989) Factors affecting alkalinity concentrations of streamwater during snowmelt in central Ontario. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 46, 1658-1666.
37. Mosello R. (1981) Chemical characteristics of fifty Italian alpine lakes (Pennine-Lepontine Alps), with emphasis on the acidification problem. Memorie Dell'istituto Italiano Di Idrobiologia, 39, 99-118.
38. Mosello R. (1984) Hydrochemistry of high altitude lakes. Schweizerische Zeitung für Hydrologie, 46, 86-99.
39. Mosello R., Barbieri A., Benedetta G., Boggero A., Marchetto A., Psenner R., Tait D. & Tartari G.A. (1993) Quantification of the susceptibility of alpine lakes to acidification. Memorie Dell'istituto Italiano Di Idrobiologia, 40, 355-386.
40. Mosello R., Barbieri A., Marchetto A., Psenner R. & Tait D. (1992) Research on quantification of the susceptibility of alpine lakes to acidification. Documenta Dell'istituto Italiano Di Idrobiologia, 32, 23-39.
41. Mosello R., Bianchi M., Geiss H., Marchetto A., Serrini G., Serrini Lanza G., Tartari G.A. & Muntau H. (1998) Freshwater analysis. Intercomparison 1/97. AQUACON-MedBas Project, Subproject no. 5. EUR 18075 EN, European Communities, Brussels.
42. Munson R.K. & Gherini S.A. (1993) Influence of organic acids on the pH and the acid-neutralizing capacity of Adirondack lakes. Water Resources Research, 29, 891-899.
43. Murdoch P.S. & Stoddard J.L. (1992) The role of nitrate in the acidification of streams in the Catskill Mountains of New York. Water Resources Research, 28, 2707-2720.
44. Ormerod S.J. & Jenkins A. (1994) The biological effects of acid episodes. In: Acidification of Freshwater Ecosystems: Implications for the Future (Eds Steinberg, C.E.W. & Wright, R.F.), pp. 259-272. Wiley, Chichester, UK.
45. Rodier J. (1978) L'Analyse de l'Eau. Dunod, Orléans.
46. Sullivan T.J., Driscoll C.T., Gherini S.A., Munson R.K., Cook R.B., Charles D.F. & Yatsko C.P. (1989) Influence of aqueous aluminium and organic acids on measurement of acid neutralising capacity in surface waters. Nature, 338, 408-410.
47. Tartari A. & Mosello R. (1997) Metodologie analitiche e controlli di qualità nel laboratorio chimico dell'Istituto italiano di Idrobiologia. Documenta Dell'istituto Italiano Di Idrobiologia, 60, 1-160.
48. Van Migroet H. (1994) The relative importance of sulfur and nitrogen compounds in the acidification of fresh water. In: Acidification of Freshwater Ecosystems: Implications for the Future (Eds Steinberg, C.E.W. & Wright, R.F.), pp. 33-49. Wiley, Chichester, UK.
49. Wigington P.J., Davies T.D., Tranter M. & Eshleman K.N. (1992) Comparison of episodic acidification in Canada, Europe and the United States. Environmental Pollution, 78, 29-35.
50. Wigington P.J., DeWalle D.R., Murdoch P.S., Krester W.A., Simonin H.A., Van Sickle J. & Baker J.P. (1996) Episodic acidification of small streams in the northeastern United States: ionic controls of episodes. Ecological Applications, 6, 389-407.
51. Williams M.W. & Melack J.M. (1991) Solute chemistry of snowmelt and runoff in an alpine basin, Sierra Nevada. Water Resources Research, 27, 1575-1588.
52. Zobrist J., Sigg L., Schnoor J.L. & Stumm W. (1986) Buffering mechanisms in acidified alpine lakes. In: Reversibility of Acidification (Ed. Barth, H.), pp. 95-103. Elsevier Applied Science, London, UK.