Aerodynamic resistance of coppiced poplar

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Volumn 114, Issue 1-2, 2002, Pages 83-102

  Hall, Robin L ^a  

^a CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Aerodynamic resistance; Excess resistance; K Theory; Poplar; Populus trichocarpa x deltoides; Roughness sublayer

Indexed keywords

AERODYNAMICS; FOREST; HEAT TRANSFER; RESISTANCE; WATER VAPOR;

AERODYNAMICS; COPPICE; HEAT TRANSFER; LEAF AREA; WATER VAPOR;

POPULUS; POPULUS BALSAMIFERA SUBSP. TRICHOCARPA; POPULUS BEROLINENSIS;

EID: 0037203049     PISSN: 01681923     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-1923(02)00133-8     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Allen, S.J., Hall, R.L., Rosier, P.T.W., 1999. Transpiration by two poplar varieties grown as coppice for biomass production. Tree Physiol. 19 (8), 493-501.
2. Blake, T.J., Sperry, J.S., Tschaplinski, T.J., Wang, S.S., 1996. Water relations. In: Stettler, R.F., Bradshaw Jr., H.D., Heilman, J.L., Hinckley, T.M. (Eds.), Biology of Populus and its Implications for Management and Conservation, Part II. NRC Research Press, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ont., pp. 401-422.
3. Calder, I.R., Hall, R.L., Harding, R.J., Wright, I.R., 1984. The use of a wet-surface weighing lysimeter system in rainfall interception studies of heather (Calluna vulgaris). J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol. 23, 461-473.
4. Cellier, P., Brunet, Y., 1992. Flux-gradient relationships above tall plant canopies. Agric. For. Meteorol. 58, 93-117.
5. Ceulemans, R., Impens, I., Imler, R., 1988. Stomatal conductance and stomatal behavior in Populus clones and hybrids. Can. J. Bot. 66, 1404-1414.
6. Chen, F.Z., Schwerdtfeger, P., 1989. Flux-gradient relationships for momentum and heat over a rough natural surface. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 115, 335-352.
7. Choudhury, B.J., Monteith, J.L., 1988. A 4-layer model for the heat-budget of homogeneous land surfaces. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 114, 373-398.
8. Cienciala, E., Lindroth, A., 1995. Gas-exchange and sap flow measurements of Salix viminalis trees in short-rotation forest. I. Transpiration and sap flow. Trees - Struct. Funct. 9, 289-294.
9. De Bruin, H.A.R., Moore, C.J., 1985. Zero-plane displacement and roughness length for tall vegetation, derived from a simple mass conservation hypothesis. Bound.-Layer Meteorol. 31, 39-49.
10. Denmead, O.T., Bradley, E.F., 1985. Flux-gradient relationships in a forest canopy. In: Hutchison, B.A., Hicks, B.B. (Eds.), The Forest-Atmosphere Interaction. Reidel, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 421-442.
11. Dolman, A.J., 1986. Estimates of roughness length and zero plane displacement for foliated and non-foliated oak canopy. Agric. For. Meteorol. 36, 231-248.
12. Dolman, A.J., Wallace, J.S., 1991. Lagrangian and K-theory approaches in modelling evaporation from sparse canopies. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 117, 1325-1340.
13. Dunin, F.X., O'Loughlin, E.M., Reyenga, W., 1988. Interception loss from eucalypt forest: Lysimeter determination of hourly rates for long term evaluation. Hydrol. Process. 2, 315-329.
14. Dyer, A.J., Hicks, B.B., 1970. Flux-gradient relationships in the constant flux layer. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 96, 715-721.
15. Ettala, M.O., 1988. Evapotranspiration from a Salix aquatica plantation at a sanitary landfill. Aqua Fenn. 18, 3-14.
16. Garratt, J.R., 1978. Flux profile relations above tall vegetation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 104, 199-211.
17. Garratt, J.R., 1980. Surface influence upon vertical profiles in the atmospheric near-surface layer. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 106, 803-819.
18. Garratt, J.R., Hicks, B.B., 1973. Momentum, heat and water vapour transfer to and from natural and artificial surfaces. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 99, 680-687.
19. Gash, J.H.C., 1986. Observations of turbulence downwind of a forest-heath interface. Bound.-Layer Meteorol. 36, 227-237.
20. Grip, H., Halldin, S., Lindroth, A., 1989. Water use by intensively cultivated willow using estimated stomatal parameter values. Hydrol. Process. 3, 51-63.
21. Gutiérrez, M.V., Meinzer, F.C., Grantz, D.A., 1994. Regulation of transpiration in coffee hedgerows - Covariation of environmental variables and apparent responses of stomata to wind and humidity. Plant Cell Environ. 17, 1305-1313.
22. Hall, R.L., Allen, S.J., 1997. Water use of poplar clones grown as short-rotation coppice at two sites in the United Kingdom. In: Bullard, M.J., Ellis, R.G., Heath, M.C., Knight, J.D., Lainsbury, M.A., Parker, S.R. (Eds.), Aspects of Applied Biology. Biomass and Bioenergy Crops, Aspects of Applied Biology, vol. 49. Association of Applied Biologists, Wellesbourne, Warwick, pp. 163-172.
23. Hall, R.L., Calder, I.R., Rosier, P.T.W., Swaminath, M.H., Mumtaz, J., 1992. Measurements and modelling of interception loss from eucalypt plantation in southern India. In: Calder, I.R., Hall, R.L., Adlard, P.G. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Growth and Water Use of Forest Plantations, Bangalore, 1991. Wiley, Chichester, UK, pp. 270-289.
24. Hall, R.L., Allen, S.J., Rosier, P.T.W., Hopkins, R., 1998. Transpiration from coppiced poplar and willow measured using sap-flow methods. Agric. For. Meteorol. 90 (4), 275-290.
25. Hansen, E.A., 1988. Irrigating short rotation intensive culture hybrid poplars. Biomass 16, 237-250.
26. Hinckley, T.M., Brooks, J.R., Cermak, J., Ceulemans, R., Kucera, J., Meinzer, F.C., Roberts, D.A., 1994. Water flux in a hybrid poplar stand. Tree Physiol. 14, 1005-1018.
27. Huband, N.D.S., Monteith, J.L., 1986. Radiative surface temperature and energy balance of a wheat canopy. II. Estimating fluxes of sensible and latent heat. Bound.-Layer Meteorol. 36, 1-17.
28. Huntingford, C., Allen, S.J., Harding, R.J., 1995. An intercomparison of single and dual-source vegetation-atmosphere transfer models applied to transpiration from Sahelian savannah. Bound.-Layer Meteorol. 74, 397-418.
29. Iritz, Z., Lindroth, A., 1996. Energy partitioning in relation to leaf area development of short-rotation willow coppice. Agric. For. Meteorol. 81 (1-2), 119-130.
30. Kelliher, F.M., Leuning, R., Schulze, E.D., 1993. Evaporation and canopy characteristics of coniferous forests and grasslands. Oecologia 95, 153-163.
31. Lindroth, A., 1993. Aerodynamic and canopy resistance of short-rotation forest in relation to leaf area index and climate. Bound.-Layer Meteorol. 66, 265-279.
32. Lindroth, A., Iritz, Z., 1993. Sufface energy budget dynamics of short-rotation willow forest. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 47, 175-185.
33. Lindroth, A., Cermak, J., Kucera, J., Cienciala, E., Eckersten, H., 1995. Sap flow by the heat balance method applied to small size Salix trees in a short-rotation forest. Biomass Bioenergy 8 (1), 7-15.
34. McNaughton, K.G., Van den Hurk, B.J., 1995. A 'Lagrangian' revision of the resistors in the two-layer model for calculating the energy budget of a plant canopy. Bound.-Layer Meteorol. 74, 261-288.
35. Mölder, M., Lindroth, A., 1999. Thermal roughness length of a boreal forest. Agric. For. Meteorol. 98/99, 659-670.
36. Monteith, J.L., 1965. Evaporation and the environment. In: Fogg, G.E. (Ed.), The State and Movement of Water in Living Organisms, Proceedings of the XIX Symposium of the Society for Experimental Biology, Swansea, 1964. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 205-234.
37. Monteith, J.L., 1973. Principles of Environmental Physics. Arnold, Paris, p. 241.
38. Parkhurst, D.F., Duncan, P.R., Gates, D.M., Kreith, F., 1968. Wind tunnel modelling of convection of heat between air and broad leaves in plants. Agric. Meteorol. 5, 33-47.
39. Paulson, C.A., 1970. The mathematical representation of wind-speed and temperature profiles in the unstable atmospheric surface layer. J. Appl. Meteorol. 9, 857-861.
40. Pereira, A.R., Shaw, R.H., 1980. A numerical experiment on the mean wind structure inside canopies of vegetation. Agric. Meteorol. 22, 303-318.
41. Persson, G., 1995. Water Balance of Willow Stands in Sweden. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences PhD thesis, pp. 1-27.
42. Persson, G., Lindroth, A., 1994. Simulating evaporation from short-rotation forest - Variations within and between seasons. J. Hydrol. 156, 21-45.
43. Raupach, M.R., 1979. Anomalies in flux-gradient relationships over forest. Bound.-Layer Meteorol. 16, 467-486.
44. Raupach, M.R., 1989. A practical Lagrangian method for relating scalar concentrations to source distributions in vegetation canopies. Quart J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 115, 609-632.
45. Raupach, M.R., Finnigan, J.J., 1988. Single-layer models of evaporation from plant canopies are incorrect but useful, whereas multilayer models are correct but useless: Discuss. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 15, 705-716.
46. Raupach, M.R., Legg, B.J., 1984. The uses and limitations of flux-gradient relationships in micrometeorology. Agric. Water Manage. 8, 119-131.
47. Raupach, M.R., Thom, A.S., Edwards, I., 1980. A wind-tunnel study of turbulent flow close to regularly arrayed rough surfaces. Bound.-Layer Meteorol. 18, 373-397.
48. Raupach, M.R., Finnigan, J.J., Brunet, Y., 1996. Coherent eddies and turbulence in vegetation: The mixing layer analogy. Bound.-Layer Meteorol. 78, 351-382.
49. Schmid, H.P., Lloyd, C.R., 1999. Spatial representativeness and the location bias of flux footprints over inhomogeneous areas. Agric. For. Meteorol. 93, 195-209.
50. Schmid, H.P., Oke, TR., 1990. A model to estimate the source area contributing to turbulent exchange in the surface layer over patchy terrain. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 116, 965-988.
51. Schuepp, P.H., 1993. Leaf boundary layers. New Phytol. 125, 477-507.
52. Shaw, R.H., Pereira, A.R., 1982. Aerodynamic roughness of a plant canopy: A numerical experiment. Agric. Meteorol. 26, 51-65.
53. Shuttleworth, W.J., 1988. Evaporation of Amazonian rainforest. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. Ser. B 233, 321-346.
54. Shuttleworth, W.J., 1989. Micrometeorology of temperate and tropical forest. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. Ser. B 324, 299-334.
55. Shuttleworth, W.J., Gurney, R.J., 1990. The theoretical relationship between foliage temperature and canopy resistance in sparse crops. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 116, 497-519.
56. Shuttleworth, W.J., Wallace, J.S., 1985. Evaporation from sparse crops - An energy combination theory. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 111, 839-855.
57. SPSS-Science, 2000. TableCurve 2D and TableCurve 3D. http://www.spssscience.com/tcurve2/.sales@spss-science.co.uk. SPSS Science Software UK Ltd., The Research Park, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham.
58. Thom, A.S., 1971. Momentum absorption by vegetation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 97, 414-428.
59. Thom, A.S., 1975. Momentum, mass and heat exchange of plant communities. In: Monteith, J.L. (Ed.), Vegetation and the Atmosphere. Academic Press, London, pp. 57-110.
60. Thom, A.S., Stewart, J.B., Oliver, H.R., Gash, J.H., 1975. Comparison of aerodynamic and energy budget estimates of fluxes over a pine forest. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 101, 93-105.
61. Van de Griend, A.A., Van Boxel, J.H., 1989. Water and surface energy balance model with a multilayer canopy representation for remote sensing purposes. Water Resources Res. 25 (5), 949-971.
62. Van den Hurk, B.J.J.M., McNaughton, K.G., 1995. Implementation of near field dispersion in a simple two layer sufface resistance model. J. Hydrol. 166, 293-311.
63. -1 for sparse vegetation. J. Appl. Meteorol. 36 (5), 560-572.
64. Verhoef, A., McNaughton, K.G., Jacobs, A.F.G., 1997b. A parameterization of momentum roughness length and displacement height for a wide range of canopy densities. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 1, 81-91.
65. Verma, S.B., 1989. Aerodynamic Resistances to Transfers of Heat, Mass and Momentum. Estimation of Areal Evapotranpsiration. International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Publ. No. 177, pp. 13-20.
66. Willmott, C.J., 1982. Some comments on the evaluation of model performance. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 63 (11), 1309-1313.