Species richness of marine soft sediments

Marine Ecology Progress Series

Volumn 244, Issue , 2002, Pages 285-297

  Gray, John S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

Coasts; Deep sea; Diversity; Patterns; Scales

Indexed keywords

COASTAL ZONE; DEEP SEA; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; MARINE SEDIMENT; SCALE EFFECT; SPECIES RICHNESS;

EID: 0037196032     PISSN: 01718630     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3354/meps244285     Document Type: Review

References (96)

1. Abele L, Walters J (1979a) Marine benthic diversity: A critique and alternative explanation. J Biogeogr 6:115-126
2. Abele L, Wakers J (1979b) The stability-time hypothesis; revaluation of the data. Am Nat 114:559-568
3. Alongi DM (1990) The ecology of tropical soft-bottom benthic ecosystems. Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev 28:381-496
4. Arntz WE, Gutt J, Klages M (1997) Antarctic marine biodiversity. In: Battaglia B, Valencia J, Walton DWH (eds) Antarctic Communities: Species, Structure and Survival. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 3-14
5. Attrill MJ, Stafford R, Rowden AA (2000) Latitudinal diversity patterns in estuarine tidal flats: Indications of a global cline. Ecography 24:318-324
6. Bally R (1981) The Ecology of Three Sandy Beaches on the West Coast of South Africa. PhD thesis, University of Cape Town
7. Barnes RSK (1980) Coastal lagoons: The natural history of a neglected habitat. Cambridge Studies in Modern Biology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
8. Bergen M, Weisberg SB, Smith RW, Cadien DB and 6 others (2001) Relationship between depth, sediment, latitude and the structure of benthic infaunal assemblages on the mainland shelf of southern California. Mar Biol 138: 637-647
9. Birch DW (1981) Dominance in marine ecosystems. Am Nat 118:262-274
10. Brown AC, McLalchlan A (1990) Ecology of Sandy Shores. Elsevier, Amsterdam
11. Clarke A (1992) Is there a latitudinal diversity cline in the sea? Trends Ecol Evol 7:286-287
12. Clarke KR, Warwick RM (1994) Change in Marine Communities: An Approach to Statistical Analysis and Interpretation. Plymouth Marine Laboratory, UK
13. Coleman N, Cuff W, Drummond M, Kudenow JD (1978) A quantitative survey of the macrobenthos of Western Port, Victoria. Aust J Mar Freshw Res 29:445-466
14. Cornell HV (1999) Unsaturation and regional influences on species richness in ecological communities: A review of the evidence. Ecoscience 6:303-315
15. Cornell HV, Karlson RH (1996) Species richness of reef-building corals determined by local and regional processes. J Anim Ecol 65:233-241
16. Cornell HV, Lawton JH (1992) Species interactions, local and regional processes and limits to the richness of ecological communities: A theoretical perspective. J Anim Ecol 62: 1-12
17. Crame A (2000a) Evolution of taxonomic diversity gradients in the marine realm: Evidence from the composition of recent bivalve faunas. Paleobiology 26:188-214
18. Crame A (2000b) The nature and origin of taxonomic diversity gradients in marine bivalves. In: Harper EM, Taylor JD, Crame JA (eds) The evolutionary biology of the Bivalvia. Geol Soc Lond Spec Publ 177:347-360
19. Dawes CJ, Hanisak D, Kenworthy WJ (1995) Seagrass biodiversity in the Indian River Lagoon. Bull Mar Sci 57:59-66
20. Dayton PK, Mordida BJ, Bacon F (1994) Polar marine communities. Am Zool 34:90-99
21. Ellingsen KE, Gray JS (2002) Spatial patterns of benthic diversity - Is there a latitudinal gradient along the Norwegian continental shelf? J Anim Ecol 71:373-389
22. Ellingsen KE, Gray JS, Bjørnbom E (2002) Acoustic classification of seabed habitats using the QTC VIEW™ system. ICES J Mar Sci (in press)
23. Elmgren R, Hill C (1997) Ecosystem function at low biodiversity - The Baltic example. In: Ormond R, Gage J, Grassle JF (eds) Marine Biodiversity: Patterns and Processes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 319-336
24. Engle VD, Summers JK (1999) Latitudinal gradients in benthic community composition in Western Atlantic estuaries. J Biogeogr 26:1007-1023
25. Etter RJ, Grassle JF (1992) Patterns of species diversity in the deep-sea as a function of sediment particle size. Nature 360:576-579
26. Fager EW (1972) Diversity: A sampling study. Am Nat 106:293-310
27. Fenchel T (2002) Microbial behaviour in a heterogeneous world. Science 296:1068-1071
28. Flach E, De Bruin W (1999) Diversity patterns in macrobenthos across a continental slope in the NE Atlantic. J Sea Res 42:303-323
29. Fraser RH, Currie DJ (1996) The species richness-energy hypothesis in a system where historical factors are thought to prevail: Coral reefs. Am Nat 148:138-159
30. Gage JD, May RM (1993) A dip into the deep seas. Nature 365:609-610
31. Giere O (1988) Meiobenthology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
32. Gotelli NJ, Colwell RK (2001) Quantifying biodiversity: Procedures and pitfalls in the measurement and comparison of species richness. Ecol Lett 4:379-391
33. Grassle JF (1989) Species diversity in deep-sea communities. Trends Ecol Evol 4:12-15
34. Grassle JF, Maciolek NJ (1992) Deep-sea species richness: Regional and local diversity estimates from quantitative bottom samples. Am Nat 139:313-341
35. Gray JS (1966) The attractive factor of intertidal sands to Protodrilus symbioticus Giard. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 46:627-645
36. Gray JS (1994) Is the deep sea really so diverse? Species diversity from the Norwegian continental shelf. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 112:205-209
37. Gray JS (1997) Gradients of marine biodiversity. In: Ormond R, Gage J, Grassle JF, (eds) Marine Biodiversity: Patterns and Processes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 18-34
38. Gray JS (2001) Marine diversity: The paradigms in patterns of species richness examined. Sci Mar 65:41-56
39. Gray JS, Clarke KR, Warwick RM, Hobbs G (1990) Detection of initial effects of pollution on marine benthos: An example from the Ekofisk and Eldfisk oilfields, N. Sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 66:285-299
40. Gray JS, Poore GCB, Ugland KI, Wilson RS, Olsgard F, Johannessen Ø (1997) Coastal and deep-sea benthic diversities compared. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 159:97-103
41. Hayes MO (1967) Relationship between coastal climate and bottom sediment type on the continental shelf. Mar Geol 5:1-132
42. Hill MO (1973) Diversity and evenness: A unifying notation and its consequences. Ecology 54:427-432
43. Hily C, Bouteille M (1999) Modifications of the specific diversity and feeding guilds in an intertidal sediment colonized by an eelgrass meadow (Zostera marina) (Brittany, France). CR Acad Sci Ser III Sci Vie 322:1121-1131
44. Honjo S, Dymond J, Collier R, Manganini SJ (1995) Export production of particles to the interior of the equatorial Pacific Ocean during the 1992 EQPAC experiment. Deep-Sea Res Part II 42:831-870
45. Hubbell SP (2001) The Unified Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton
46. Hurlbert SH (1971) The non-concept of species diversity: A critique and alternative parameters. Ecology 52:577-585
47. Hutchings PA (1993) Infauna of marine sediments and seagrass beds of upper Spencer Gulf near Port Pirie, South Australia. Trans R Soc S Aust 117:1-15
48. Jumars PA (1976) Deep-sea species diversity. Does it have a characteristic scale? J Mar Res 34:217-246
49. Kendall MA, Aschan M (1993) Latitudinal gradients in the structure of macrobenthic communities: A comparison of Arctic, temperate and tropical sites. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 172:157-169
50. Kerr JT (1997) Habitat heterogeneity as a detrminant of mammal species richness in high-energy regions. Nature 385:252-254
51. Kerr JT (2001) Butterfly species richness patterns in Canada: Energy, heterogeneity, and the potential consequences of climate change. Conserv Ecol 5:131-147
52. Kerr JT, Packer L (1997) Habitat heterogeneity as a determinant of mammal species richness in high energy regions. Nature 385:252-254
53. Lambshead PJD (1993) Recent developments in marine biodiversity research. Oceanis Doc Oceanogr 19:5-24
54. Lambshead PJD, Hodda M (1994) The impact of disturbance on measurements of variability in marine nematode populations. Vie Milieu 44:21-27
55. Lawton JH (1999) Are there general laws in ecology? Oikos 84:177-192
56. Lee SY, Fong CW, Wu RSS (2001) The effects of seagrass (Zostera japonica) canopy structure on associated fauna: A study using artificial seagrass units and sampling of natural beds. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 259:23-50
57. Levin LA, Etter RJ, Rex MA, Gooday AJ and 5 others (2001) Environmental influences on regional deep-sea species diversity. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 32:51-93
58. Longhurst AR (1998) Ecological Geography of the Sea. Academic Press, San Diego
59. MacArthur RH (1969) Patterns of communities in the tropics. Biol J Linn Soc 1:19-30
60. Martin JH, Knauer GA, Karl DM, Broenkow WW (1987) VERTEX - Carbon cycling in the Northeast Pacific. Deep-Sea Res Part A 34:267-285
61. McIntyre AD (1968) The meiofauna and macrofauna of some tropical beaches. J Zool Lond 156:377-392
62. Odum EP (1971) Fundamentals of Ecology. Saunders, Philadelphia
63. Pearson TH (1970) The benthic ecology of Loch Linnhe and Loch Eil, a sea-loch system on the west coast of Scotland. I. The physical environment and the distribution of the macrobenthoc fauna. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 5:1-34
64. Pearson TH, Rosenberg R (1987) Feast and famine structuring factors in marine benthic communities. In: Gee JHR, Giller PS (eds) Organisation of Communities Past and Present. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, p 373-395
65. Pineda J (1993) Boundary effects on the vertical ranges of deep-sea benthic species. Deep-Sea Res Part A 40:2179-2192
66. Pineda J, Caswell H (1998) Bathymetric species-diversity patterns and boundary constraints on vertical range. Deep-Sea Res Part B 45:83-101
67. Price ARG (1982) Western Arabian Gulf echinoderms in high salinity waters and the occurrence of dwarfism. J Nat Hist 16:519-527
68. Price ARG, Keeling MJ, O'Callaghan CJ (1999) Ocean-scale patterns of 'biodiversity' of Atlantic asteroids determined from taxonomic distinctness and other measures. Biol J Linn Soc 66:187-203
69. Reise K (1985) Predator control in marine tidal sediments. In: Gibbs PE (ed) Proc 19th Eur Mar Biol Syrup Plymouth. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 311-322
70. Rex MA (1993) Global-scale patterns of species diversity in the deep-sea benthos. Nature 365:636-639
71. Rex MA, Etter RJ (1998) Bathymetric patterns of body size: Implications for deep-sea biodiversity. Deep-Sea Res Part B 45:103-127
72. Rex MA, Etter RJ, Stuart CT (1997) Large-scale patterns of species diversity in the deep-sea benthos. In: Ormond RFG, Gage JD, Angel MV (eds) Marine Biodiversity: Patterns and Processes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 94-121
73. Rex MA, Stuart CT, Coyne G (2000) Latitudinal gradients of species richness in the deep-sea benthos of the North Atlantic. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:4082-4085
74. Rice AL, Lambshead PJD (1994) Patch dynamics in the deep-sea benthos: The role of a heterogeneous supply of organic matter. In: Giller PS, Hildrew AG, Rafaelli DG (eds) Aquatic ecology: scale, pattern and process. 34th Symp Brit Ecol Soc. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, p 469-499
75. Rosenberg R, Möller P (1979) Salinity stratified benthic macrofaunal communities and long-term monitoring along the west coast of Sweden. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 37:175-203
76. Rosenzweig ML (1995) Species Diversity in Space and Time. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
77. Roy K, Jablonski D, Valentine JW (1996) Higher taxa in biodiversity studies: Patterns from eastern Pacific marine molluscs. Phil Trans R Soc Lond B 351:1605-1613
78. Roy K, Jablonski D, Valentine JW, Rosenberg G (1998) Marine latitudinal diversity gradients: Tests of causal hypotheses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:3699-3702
79. Sanders HL (1968) Marine benthic diversity: A comparative study. Am Nat 102:243-282
80. Sheppard CRC, Price ARG, Roberts CM (1992) Marine Ecology of the Arabian Region: Patterns and Processes in Extreme Tropical Environments. Academic Press, London
81. Snelgrove PV, Butman CA (1994) Animal sediment relationships revisited: Cause vs effect. Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev 32:111-177
82. Srivastava DS (1999) Using local-regional richness plots to test for species saturation: Pitfalls and potentials. J Anim Ecol 68:1-16
83. Stanley SM (1970) Relation of shell form to life habits of the Bivalvia (Mollusca). Geol Soc Am Bull 125:1-296
84. Stuart CT, Rex MA (1994) The relationship between developmental pattern and species diversity in deep-sea prosobranchs snails. In: Young CM, Eckelbarger KJ (eds) Reproduction, Larval Biology and Recruitment of the Deep-sea Benthos. Columbia University Press, New York, p 118-136
85. Suchanek TH (1992) Extreme biodiversity in the marine environment: Mussel bed communities of Mytilus californianus. Northwest Environ J 8:150-152
86. Suess E (1980) Particulate organic - Carbon flux in the oceans - Surface productivity and oxygen utilization. Nature 288:260-263
87. Thrush SF (1991) Spatial patterns in soft-bottom communities. Trends Ecol Evol 6:75-79
88. Thrush SF, Schneider DC, Legendre P, Whitlach RB and 9 others (1997) Scaling-up from experiments to complex ecological systems: Where to next? J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 216:243-254
89. Van Dover C, Trask JL (2000) Diversity at deep-sea hydrothermal vent and intertidal mussel beds. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 195:169-178
90. Vermeij GJ (1978) Biogeography and Adaptation. Harvard University Press, London
91. Wade BA (1972) A description of a highly diverse soft-bottom community in Kingston Harbour, Jamaica. Mar Biol 13:57-69
92. Warwick RM, Uncles RJ (1980) Distribution of benthic macrofauna associations in the Bristol Channel in relation to tidal stress. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 3:97-103
93. Wassmann P (1989) Sedimentation of organic matter and silicate from the euphotic zone of the Barents Sea. Rapp P-V Cons Perm Int Exp Mer 188:108-114
94. Whitlach RB (1981) Animal-sediment relationships in intertidal marine benthic habitats: Some determinants of deposit-feeding species diversity. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 53:31-45
95. Whittaker RH (1975) Communities and Ecosystems. MacMillan, New York
96. Wright DH (1983) Species-energy theory: An extension of species-area theory. Oikos 41:496-506