European isotopic signatures for lead in atmospheric aerosols: A source apportionment based upon 206Pb/207Pb ratios

Science of the Total Environment

Volumn 296, Issue 1-3, 2002, Pages 35-57

  Flament, Pascal ^a   Bertho, Marie Laure ^a   Deboudt, Karine ^a   Véron, Alain ^b   Puskaric, Emile ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DU LITTORAL CÔTE D OPALE   (France)

^b AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITY   (France)

Author keywords

Atmospheric aerosols; Automotive and industrial emissions; European source discrimination; Kolmogorov Smirnov test; Lead isotopes

Indexed keywords

AEROSOLS; CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); ISOTOPES;

AUTOMOTIVE;

LEAD;

GASOLINE; ISOTOPE; LEAD 206; LEAD 207; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AEROSOL COMPOSITION; AIR MASS; LEAD ISOTOPE; TRAJECTORY;

AEROSOL; AIR SAMPLING; ARTICLE; ATMOSPHERE; FRANCE; PARTICULATE MATTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; TECHNIQUE; UNITED KINGDOM;

FRANCE; UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 0037120546     PISSN: 00489697     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00021-9     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Åberg G., Pacyna J.M., Stray H., Skjelvale B.L. The origin of atmospheric lead in Oslo, Norway, studied with the use of isotopic ratios. Atmos Env. 33:1999;3335-3344.
2. Adgate J.L., Rhoads G.G., Lioy P.J. The use of isotope ratios to apportion sources of lead in Jersey City, NJ, house dust wipe samples. Sci Total Environ. 221:1998;171-180.
3. Alleman L. Apport des Isotopes Stables du Plomb au Suivi des Traces Métalliques en Méditerranée et en Atlantique Nord. PhD Dissertation, University of Aix-Marseille III, 1997:245.
4. Arimoto R., Duce R.A., Ray B.J., Uni C.K. Atmospheric trace elements at Enewetak Atoll. 2: Transport to the oceans by wet and dry deposition. J Geophys Res. 90:1985;2391-2408.
5. Bacon J.R., Berrow M.L., Shand C.A. Isotopic characterization of lead in the Scottish upland environment. Intern J Environ Anal Chem. 59:1995;253-264.
6. Barton H., Zachwieja Z., D'Ilio S., Caroli S. Application of routine estimation of Pb isotopic ratios by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for studying the Pb origin in hair of children living in polluted areas. A pilot study. Microchem J. 67:2000;21-30.
7. Bertho ML. Le Plomb Associé aux Aérosols Atmosphériques dans le Détroit du Pas de Calais: Sources, Flux et Devenir à l'Interface Air-mer. PhD Dissertation, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, 1998:277.
8. Bertho ML, Deboudt K, Flament P, Puskaric E. The lead content of atmospheric aerosols above the Eastern Channel: Seasonal variability and solubility in a coastal seawater. In: Amiard JC, Le Rouzic B, Berthet B, Bertru G, editors. Oceans, Rivers and Lakes: Energy and Substance Transfers at Interfaces. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, 1998, pp. 317-332.
9. Bindler R., Brännvall M.L., Renberg I., Emteryd O., Grip H. Natural lead concentrations in pristine boreal forest soils and past pollution trends: a reference for critical load models. Environ Sci Technol. 33:(19):1999;3362-3367.
10. Bollhöfer A., Chisholm W., Rosman K.J.R. Sampling aerosols for lead isotopes on a global scale. Anal Chim Acta. 390:1999;227-235.
11. Bollhöfer A., Rosman K.J.R. Isotopic source signatures for atmospheric lead: the Southern Hemisphere. Geochim Cosmochim Acta. 64:(19):2000;3251-3262.
12. Bollhöfer A., Rosman K.J.R. Isotopic source signatures for atmospheric lead: the Northern Hemisphere. Geochim Cosmochim Acta. 65:(11):2001a;1727-1740.
13. Bollhöfer A., Rosman K.J.R. Lead isotopic ratios in European atmospheric aerosols. Phys Chem Earth (B). 26:(10):2001b;835-838.
14. Brännvall M.L., Bindler R., Renberg I., Emteryd O., Bartnicki J., Billström K. The medieval metal industry was the cradle of modern large-scale atmospheric lead pollution in Northern Europe. Environ Sci Technol. 33:(24):1999;4391-4395.
15. Buat-Ménard P. Global changes in atmospheric metal cycles. Hewitt C.N., Sturges W.T., Global Atmospheric Chemical Change. 1993;271-311 Elsevier, London, New York.
16. Chiaradia M., Gulson B.L., James M., Jameson C.W., Johnson D. Identification of secondary lead sources in the air of an urban environment. Atmos Environ. 31:(21):1997;3511-3521.
17. Chiaradia M., Cupelin F. Behaviour of airborne lead and temporal variations of its source effects in Geneva (Switzerland): comparison of anthropogenic versus natural processes. Atmos Environ. 34:2000;959-971.
18. Church T.M., Véron A., Patterson C.C., Settle D., Erel Y., Maring H.R., Flegal A.R. Trace elements in the North Atlantic troposphere: shipboard results of precipitation and aerosols. Global Biogeochem Cycles. 4:(4):1990;431-443.
19. Deboudt K., Flament P., Weis D., Mennessier J.P., Maquinghen P. Assessment of pollution aerosols sources above the Straits of Dover using lead isotope geochemistry. Sci Total Environ. 236:1999;57-74.
20. Delves H.T., Campbell M.J. Identification and apportionment of sources of lead in human tissue. Environ Geochem Health. 15:(2/3):1993;75-84.
21. Döring T., Schwikowski M., Gäggeler H.W. Determination of lead concentrations and isotope ratios in recent snow samples from high alpine sites with a double focusing ICP-MS. Fresenius J Anal Chem. 359:(4/5):1997;382-384.
22. Farmer J.G., Eades L.J., Graham M.C. The lead content and isotopic composition of British coals and their implications for past and present releases of lead to the UK environment. Environ Geochem Health. 21:1999;257-272.
23. 207Pb isotopic ratio of lead in rainwater, atmospheric particulates, pine needles and leaded petrol in Scotland, 1982-1998. J Environ Monit. 2:2000;49-57.
24. Flament P. Les Métaux-traces Associés aux Aérosols Atmosphériques: Apports au Milieu Marin du Littoral Nord-Pas de Calais. PhD Dissertation, University of Lille, 1985:175.
25. Flament P., Auger Y., Leprètre A., Noël S. Aérosols côtiers dans le nord de la Manche. Ocean Acta. 10:(1):1987;49-61.
26. Flament P., Bertho M.L., Deboudt K., Puskaric E. Changes in the lead content of atmospheric aerosols above the Eastern Channel between 1982/83 and 1996. Sci Total Environ. 192:1996;193-206.
27. Grousset F.E., Quétel C.R., Thomas B., Buat-Ménard P., Donard O.F.X., Bucher A. Transient Pb isotopic signatures in the Western European atmosphere. Environ Sci Technol. 28:1994;1605-1608.
28. Hamelin B., Grousset F., Biscaye P.E., Zindler A., Prospero J.M. Lead isotopes in trade wind aerosols at Barbados: the influence of European emissions over the North Atlantic. J Geophys Res. 94:1989;16243-16259.
29. Hansmann W., Köppel V. Lead-isotopes as tracers of pollutants in soils. Chem Geol. 171:2000;123-144.
30. Hamester M., Stechmann H., Steiger M., Dannecker W. The origin of lead in urban aerosols - a lead isotopic ratio study. Sci Total Environ. 146/147:1994;321-323.
31. Hopper J.F., Ross H.B., Sturges W.T., Barrie L.A. Regional source discrimination of atmospheric aerosols in Europe using the isotopic composition of lead. Tellus. 43B:1991;45-60.
32. Jaffe D., Anderson T., Covert D., Kotchenruther R., Trost B., Danielson J., Simpson W., Berntsen T., Karlsdottir S., Blake D., Harris J., Carmichael G., Itsushi U. Transport of Asian air pollution to North America. Geophys Res Lett. 26:1999;711-714.
33. Keinonen M. The isotopic composition of lead in man and the environment in Finland 1966-1987: isotope ratios of lead as indicators of pollutant source. Sci Total Environ. 113:1992;251-268.
34. Kersten M., Garbe-Schönberg C.D., Thomsen S., Anagnostou C., Sioulas A. Source apportionment of Pb pollution in the coastal waters of Elefsis Bay, Greece. Environ Sci Technol. 31:(5):1997;1295-1301.
35. Kober B., Wessels M., Bollhöfer A., Mangini A. Pb isotopes in sediments of Lake Constance, Central Europe constrain the heavy metal pathways and the pollution history of the catchment, the lake and the regional atmosphere. Geochim Cosmochim Acta. 63:(9):1999;1293-1303.
36. Krause P., Kriews M., Dannecker W., Garbe-Schönberg C.D., Kersten M. Determination of 206/207 Pb isotope ratios by ICP-MS in particulate matter from the North Sea environment. Frensenius J Anal Chem. 347:1993;324-329.
37. Loranger S., Zayed J. Manganese and lead concentration in ambient air and emission rates from unleaded and leaded gasoline between 1981 and 1992 in Canada: a comparative study. Atmos Environ. 28:(9):1994;1645-1651.
38. Manhès G., Minster J.F., Allègre C.J. Comparative U-TH-Pb and Rb-Sr study of the St. Severin amphoterite: consequence for early solar system chronology. Earth Planet Sci Lett. 39:1978;14-24.
39. Mann H.R., Whitney D.R. On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Ann Math Stat. 18:1947;52-54.
40. Maring H., Settle D.M., Buat-Menard P., Dulac F., Patterson C.C. Stable lead isotope tracers of air mass trajectories in the Mediterranean region. Nature. 330:(6144):1987;154-156.
41. Migon C., Alleman L., Leblond N., Nicolas E. Evolution of atmospheric lead over the north-western Mediterranean between and 1986 and 1992. Atmos Environ. 27A:1993;2161-2167.
42. Migon C., Gentili B., Journel B. Statistical analysis of the concentrations of twelve metals in the Ligurian atmospheric aerosol. Ocean Acta. 23:(1):2000;37-45.
43. Monna F., Ben Othman D., Luck J.M. Pb isotopes and Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations in the rivers feeding a coastal pond (Thau, southern France): constraints on the origin(s) and flux(es) of metals. Sci Total Environ. 166:1995;19-34.
44. Monna F., Lancelot J., Croudace I.W., Cundy A.B., Lewis J.T. Pb isotopic composition of airborne particulate material from France and the southern United Kingdom: implications for Pb pollution sources in urban areas. Environ Sci Technol. 31:1997;2277-2286.
45. Monna F., Aiuppa A., Varrica D., Dongarra G. Pb isotope composition in lichens and aerosols from eastern Sicily: insights into the regional impact of volcanoes on the environment. Environ Sci Technol. 33:(15):1999a;2517-2523.
46. Monna F., Dominik J., Loizeau J.L., Pardos M., Arpagaus P. Origin and evolution of Pb in sediments of lake Geneva (Switzerland-France). Establishing a stable Pb record. Environ Sci Technol. 33:(17):1999b;2850-2857.
47. Mukai H., Tanaka A., Fijii T., Nakao M. Lead isotope ratios of airborne particulate matter as tracers of long-range transport of air pollutants around Japan. J Geophys Res. 99:(D2):1994;3717-3726.
48. Mukai H., Machida T., Tanaka A., Vera Y.P., Uematsu M. Lead isotope ratios in the urban air of eastern and central Russia. Atmos Environ. 35:2001;2783-2793.
49. Nicholson K.W., Branson J.R. Lead concentrations in UK urban air. Atmos Environ. 27B:(2):1993;265-268.
50. Nriagu J.O. The rise and fall of leaded gasoline. Sci Total Environ. 92:1990;13-28.
51. Olendrzynski K., Anderberg S., Bartnicki J., Pacyna J., Stigliani W. Atmospheric emissions and depositions of cadmium, lead and zinc in Europe during the period 1955-1987. Environ Rev. 4:1996;300-320.
52. Pacyna J.M. Estimation of the atmospheric emissions of trace elements from anthropogenic sources in Europe. Atmos Environ. 18:(1):1984;41-50.
53. Pacyna J.M., Scholtz M.T., Li Y.F.A. Global budget of trace metal sources. Environ Rev. 3:1995;145-159.
54. Patterson C.C., Settle D.M. Review of data on aeolian fluxes of industrial lead to the lands and seas in remote regions on a global scale. Mar Chem. 22:1987;137-162.
55. Roskill Report. The Economics of Lead, 5th Edition. London: Roskill Information Services Ltd. 1996:260.
56. Roy S. Utilisation des Isotopes du Pb et du Sr Comme Traceurs des Apports Anthropiques et Naturels dans les Précipitations et les Rivières du Bassin de Paris. PhD Dissertation, University of Paris 7, 1996:320.
57. Scherrer B. Biostatistique. 1984;Morin Pub, Québec. p. 850.
58. Stohl A. Computation, accuracy and applications of trajectories-a review and bibliography. Atmos Environ. 32:(6):1998;947-966.
59. Sugden C.L., Farmer J.G., Mac Kenzie A.B. Isotopic ratios of lead in contemporary environmental material from Scotland. Environ Geochem Health. 15:(2/3):1993;59-65.
60. Taylor S.R. Abundance of chemical elements in the Continental crust: a new table. Geochim Cosmochim Acta. 28:1964;1273-1285.
61. Thomas V.M., Orlova A.O. Soviet and post-soviet environmental management: lessons from a case study on lead pollution. Ambio. 30:(2):2001;104-111.
62. Tommasini S., Davies G.R., Elliott T. Lead isotope composition of tree rings as bio-geochemical tracers of heavy metal pollution: a reconnaissance study from Firenze, Italy. Appl Geochem. 15:2000;891-900.
63. Véron A.J., Church T.M., Patterson C.C., Erel Y., Merill J.T. Continental origin and industrial sources of trace metals in the northwest Atlantic troposphere. J Atmos Chem. 14:1992;339-351.
64. Véron A.J., Church T.M. Use of stable lead isotopes and trace metals to characterize air mass sources into the eastern North Atlantic. J Geophys Res. 102:(D23):1997;28049-28058.
65. Véron A.J., Flament P., Bertho M.L., Alleman L., Flegal R., Hamelin B. Isotopic evidence of pollutant lead sources in north-western France. Atmos Environ. 33:1999;3377-3388.
66. Wallace J.M., Hobbs P.V. Atmospheric Science - an introductory survey. 1977;467 Academic Press Inc, San Diego CA.
67. Walraven N., Van Os B.J.H., Klaver G.T., Baker J.H., Vriend S.P. Trace element concentrations and stable lead isotopes in soils as tracers of lead pollution in Graft-De Rijp, the Netherlands. J Geochem Explor. 59:1997;47-58.
68. Weiss D., Shotyk W., Kramers J.D., Gloor M. Sphagnum mosses as archives of recent and past atmospheric lead deposition in Switzerland. Atmos Environ. 33:1999;3751-3763.
69. Widmer C.R., Krähenbühl U., Kramers J., Tobler L. Lead isotope measurements on aerosol samples with ICP-MS. Fresenius J Anal Chem. 366:2000;171-173.