Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption in relation to cognitive performance in middle age

American Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 156, Issue 10, 2002, Pages 936-944

  Kalmijn, Sandra ^a,b   Van Boxtel, Martin P J ^c   Verschuren, Monique W M ^b   Jolles, Jelle ^c   Launer, Lenore J ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT   (Netherlands)

^c MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^d NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING   (United States)

Author keywords

Age factors; Age groups; Alcohol drinking; Cognition; Cohort studies; Middle age; Psychomotor performance; Smoking

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; COGNITION; HEALTH IMPACT; SMOKING;

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CIGARETTE SMOKING; COGNITION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; COHORT ANALYSIS; EDUCATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NETHERLANDS; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SEX DIFFERENCE;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ALCOHOL DRINKING; COGNITION DISORDERS; CONFOUNDING FACTORS (EPIDEMIOLOGY); EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; LIFE STYLE; LINEAR MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NETHERLANDS; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; RISK FACTORS; SMOKING;

EID: 0037111780     PISSN: 00029262     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwf135     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Elias MF, Beiser A, Wolf PA, et al. The preclinical phase of Alzheimer disease: A 22-year prospective study of the Framingham cohort. Arch Neurol 2000;57:808-13.
2. Elwood PC, Gallacher JEJ, Hopkinson CA, et al. Smoking, drinking, and other life style factors and cognitive function in men in the Caerphilly cohort. J Epidemiol Community Health 1999;53:9-14.
3. Hill RD. Residual effects of cigarette smoking on cognitive performance in normal aging. Psychol Aging 1989;4:251-4.
4. Kilander L, Nyman H, Boberg M, et al. Cognitive function, vascular risk factors and education. A cross-sectional study based on a cohort of 70-year-old men. J Intern Med 1997;242:313-21.
5. Edelstein SL, Kritz-Silverstein D, Barrett-Connor E. Prospective association of smoking and alcohol use with cognitive function in an elderly cohort. J Womens Health 1998;7:1271-81.
6. Galanis DJ, Petrovitch H, Launer LJ, et al. Smoking history in middle age and subsequent cognitive performance in elderly Japanese-American men. The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. Am J Epidemiol 1997;145:507-15.
7. Carmelli D, Swan GE, Reed T, et al. The effect of apolipoprotein E epsilon4 in the relationships of smoking and drinking to cognitive function. Neuroepidemiology 1999;18:125-33.
8. Berkman LF, Seeman TE, Albert M, et al. High, usual and impaired functioning in community-dwelling older men and women: Findings from the MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Successful Aging. J Clin Epidemiol 1993;46:1129-40.
9. Launer LJ, Feskens EJ, Kalmijn S, et al. Smoking, drinking, and thinking. The Zutphen Elderly Study. Am J Epidemiol 1996;143:219-27.
10. Prince M, Lewis G, Bird A, et al. A longitudinal study of factors predicting change in cognitive test scores over time, in an older hypertensive population. Psychol Med 1996;26:555-68.
11. Cervilla JA, Prince M, Mann A. Smoking, drinking, and incident cognitive impairment: A cohort community based study included in the Gospel Oak Project. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000;68:622-6.
12. Cervilla JA, Prince M, Joels S, et al. Long-term predictors of cognitive outcome in a cohort of older people with hypertension. Br J Psychiatry 2000;177:66-71.
13. Hebert LE, Scherr PA, Beckett LA, et al. Relation of smoking and low-to-moderate alcohol consumption to change in cognitive function: A longitudinal study in a defined community of older persons. Am J Epidemiol 1993;137:881-91.
14. Dufouil C, Ducimetière P, Alpérovitch A. Sex differences in the association between alcohol consumption and cognitive performance. EVA Study Group. Epidemiology of Vascular Aging. Am J Epidemiol 1997;146:405-12.
15. Christian JC, Reed T, Carmelli D, et al. Self-reported alcohol intake and cognition in aging twins. J Stud Alcohol 1995;56:414-16.
16. Hendrie HC, Gao S, Hall KS, et al. The relationship between alcohol consumption, cognitive performance, and daily functioning in an urban sample of older black Americans. J Am Geriatr Soc 1996;44:1158-65.
17. DeCarli C, Miller BL, Swan GE, et al. Cerebrovascular and brain morphologic correlates of mild cognitive impairment in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Twin Study. Arch Neurol 2001;58:643-7.
18. Elias PK, Elias MF, D'Agostino RB, et al. Alcohol consumption and cognitive performance in the Framingham Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol 1999;150:580-9.
19. Cerhan JR, Folsom AR, Mortimer JA, et al. Correlates of cognitive function in middle-aged adults. Gerontology 1998;44:95-105.
20. Lezak MD. Neuropsychological Assessment. 3rd Ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1995.
21. van Boxtel MPJ, Buntinx F, Houx PJ, et al. The relation between morbidity and cognitive performance in a normal aging population. J Gerontol 1998;53A:M146-M154.
22. Kromhout D, Obermann-De Boer GL, van Kampen-Donker M, et al. The Monitoring Project on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors 1987. (In Dutch). Bilthoven, the Netherlands: National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, 1989. (Report 5289001).
23. Verschuren WMM, van Leer EM, Blokstra A, et al. Cardiovascular disease risk factors in the Netherlands. Neth J Cardiol 1993;4:205-10.
24. de Groot JC, de Leeuw FE, Oudkerk M, et al. Cerebral white matter lesions and cognitive function: The Rotterdam Scan Study. Ann Neurol 2000;47:145-51.
25. Brand N, Jolles J. Information processing in depression and anxiety. Psychol Med 1987;17:145-53.
26. Møller JT, Cluitmans P, Rasmussen LS, et al. Long-term post-operative cognitive dysfunction in the elderly: ISPOCD1 study. Lancet 1998;351:857-61.
27. Pols MA, Peeters PHM, Ocké MC, et al. Estimation of reproducibility and relative validity of the questions included in the EPIC physical activity questionnaire. Int J Epidemiol 1997;26(suppl 1):S181-9.
28. Katterman R, Jaworek D, Möller G, et al. Multicenter study of a new enzymatic method of cholesterol determination. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1984;22:245-51.
29. Lopes-Virella MF, Stone P, Ellis S, et al. Cholesterol determination in high-density lipoproteins separated by three different methods. Clin Chem 1977;23:882-4.
30. van Boxtel MP, Gaillard C, Houx PJ, et al. Can the blood pressure predict cognitive task performance in a healthy population sample? J Hypertens 1997;15:1069-76.
31. Ylikoski R, Ylikoski A, Erkinjuntti T, et al. White matter changes in healthy elderly persons correlate with attention and speed of mental processing. Arch Neurol 1993;50:818-24.
32. Shinton R, Beevers G. Meta-analysis of the relation between cigarette smoking and stroke. BMJ 1989;298:789-94.
33. Higa M, Davanipour Z. Smoking and stroke. Neuroepidemiology 1991;10:211-22.
34. 2 inhalation. J Am Geriatr Soc 1984;32:415-20.
35. Rogers RL, Meyer JS, Judd BW, et al. Abstention from cigarette smoking improves cerebral perfusion among elderly chronic smokers. JAMA 1985;253:2970-4.
36. Meyer JS, Rogers RL, Judd BW, et al. Cognition and cerebral blood flow fluctuate together in multi-infarct dementia. Stroke 1988;19:163-9.
37. Marmot M, Brunner E. Alcohol and cardiovascular disease: The status of the U-shaped curve. BMJ 1991;303:565-8.
38. Kiechl S, Willeit J, Rungger G, et al. Alcohol consumption and atherosclerosis: What is the relation? Stroke 1998;29:900-7.
39. Sacco RL, Elkind M, Boden-Albala B, et al. The protective effect of moderate alcohol consumption on ischemic stroke. JAMA 1999;281:53-60.
40. Gaziano KM, Buring JE, Breslow JL, et al. Moderate alcohol intake, increased levels of high density lipoprotein and its subfraction, and decreased risk of myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1993;329:1829-34.
41. Fontana P, Mooser V, Bovet P, et al. Dose-dependent inverse relationship between alcohol consumption and serum Lp(a) levels in black African males. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999;19:1075-82.
42. Kiechl S, Willeit J, Poewe W, et al. Insulin sensitivity and regular alcohol consumption: Large, prospective, cross-sectional population study (Bruneck study). BMJ 1996;313:1040-4.
43. Ridker PM, Vaughan DE, Stampfer MJ, et al. Association of moderate alcohol consumption and plasma concentration of endogenous tissue-type plasminogen activator. JAMA 1994;272:929-33.
44. Djousse L, Pankow JS, Arnett DK, et al. Alcohol consumption and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study. Am Heart J 2000;139:704-9.
45. Landolfi R, Steiner M. Ethanol raises prostacyclin in vivo and in vitro. Blood 1984;64:679-82.
46. Meade TW, Chakrabarti R, Haines AP, et al. Characteristics affecting fibrinolytic activity and plasma fibrinogen concentrations. BMJ 1979;278:153-6.
47. Hertog MGL, Feskens EJM, Hollman PCH, et al. Dietary antioxidant flavonoids and risk of coronary heart disease. The Zutphen Elderly Study. Lancet 1993;342:1007-11.
48. Sano M, Wendt PE, Wirsen A, et al. Acute effects of alcohol on regional cerebral blood flow in man. J Stud Alcohol 1993;54:369-76.
49. Lotfi J, Meyer JS. Cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic effects of chronic alcoholism. Cerebrovasc Brain Metab Rev 1989;1:2-25.
50. Rogers RL, Meyer JS, Shaw TG, et al. Reductions in regional cerebral blood flow associated with chronic consumption of alcohol. J Am Geriatr Soc 1983;31:540-3.
51. Krabbendam L, Visser PJ, Derix MM, et al. Normal cognitive performance in patients with chronic alcoholism in contrast to patients with Korsakoff's syndrome. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2000;12:44-50.
52. Desroches D, Orevillo C, Verina D. Sex- and strain-related differences in first-pass alcohol metabolism in mice. Alcohol 1995;12:221-6.
53. Rossouw JE, Lai-Tung MT, Jooste PL, et al. Alcohol intake in relation to lipids, lipoproteins and blood pressure. S Afr Med J 1992;82:246-50.
54. Weidner G, Connor SL, Chesney MA, et al. Sex differences in high density lipoprotein cholesterol among low-level alcohol consumers. Circulation 1991;83:176-80.
55. Laforge R, Williams GD, Dufour MC. Alcohol consumption, gender, and self-reported hypertension. Drug Alcohol Depend 1990;26:235-49.
56. Jepson RG, Fowkes FG, Donnan PT, et al. Alcohol intake as a risk factor for peripheral arterial disease in the general population in the Edinburgh Artery Study. Eur J Epidemiol 1995;11:9-14.
57. Bradley KA, Badrinath S, Bush K, et al. Medical risks for women who drink alcohol. J Gen Intern Med 1998;13:627-39.