Outbreaks of gastroenteritis associated with noroviruses on cruise ships - United States, 2002

Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

Volumn 51, Issue 49, 2002, Pages 1112-1115

[No Author Info available]

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACUTE DISEASE; ARTICLE; EPIDEMIC; GASTROENTERITIS; HUMAN; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; NOROVIRUS; RECREATION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SHIP; TRAVEL; UNITED STATES; VIROLOGY; VIRUS INFECTION;

ACUTE DISEASE; CALICIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; GASTROENTERITIS; HUMANS; NOROVIRUS; RECREATION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SHIPS; TRAVEL; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0037074030     PISSN: 01492195     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (10)

1. CDC. Vessel Sanitation Program Operations Manual 2000. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, 2000.
2. Addiss DG, Yashuk JC, Clapp DE, Blake PA. Outbreaks of diarrheal illness on passenger cruise ships, 1975-85. Epidemiol Infect 1989;103:63-72.
3. Gunn AG, Terranova WA, Greenberg HB, et al. Norwalk virus gastroenteritis aboard a cruise ship: an outbreak on five consecutive cruises. Am J Epidemiol 1980;112:820-7.
4. CDC. Gastroenteritis outbreaks on two Caribbean cruise ships. MMWR 1986;35:383-4.
5. Fankhauser RL, Monroe SS, Noel JS, et al. Epidemiologic and molecular trends of "Norwalk-like viruses" associated with outbreaks of gastroenteritis in the United States. J Infect Dis 2002;186:1-7.
6. Mead PS, Slutsker L, Dietz V, et al. Food-related illness and death in the United States. Emerg Infect Dis 1999;5:607-25.
7. Kaplan JE, Gary GW, Baron RC, et al. Epidemiology of Norwalk gastroenteritis and the role of Norwalk virus in outbreaks of acute, nonbacterial gastroenteritis. Ann Int Med 1982;96:756-61.
8. CDC. "Norwalk-like viruses": public health consequences and outbreak management. MMWR 2001;50(No. RR-9).
9. Marks PJ, Vipond IB, Carlisle D, Deakin D, Fey RE, Caul ED. Evidence for airborne transmission of Norwalk-like virus (NLV) in a hotel restraurant. Epidemiol Infect 2000;124:481-7.
10. Gulati BR, Allwood PB, Hedberg CW, Goyal SM. Efficacy of commonly used disinfectants for the inactivation of calicivirus on strawberry, lettuce, and a food-contact surface. J Food Prot 2001;64:1430-4.