Selective population of excited states during electrogenerated chemiluminescence with 10-methylphenothiazine

Journal of Physical Chemistry B

Volumn 106, Issue 23, 2002, Pages 6088-6095

  Slaterbeck, Andrew F ^a   Meehan, Timothy D ^a   Gross, Erin M ^a   Wightman, R Mark ^a  

^a University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTROGENERATED CHEMILUMINESCENCE (ECL);

CHEMILUMINESCENCE; DERIVATIVES; NEGATIVE IONS; PERMITTIVITY; PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS; POSITIVE IONS;

AROMATIC COMPOUNDS;

EID: 0037071969     PISSN: 10895647     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp0127824     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Faulkner, L.R.; Bard, A.J. Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence. In Electrochemical Methods; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1980; pp 621-629.
2. Gross, E.M.; Anderson, J.D.; Slaterbeck, A.F.; Thayumanavan, S.; Barlow, S.; Zhang, Y.; Marder, S.R.; Hall, H.K.; Flare Nabor, M.; Wang, J.F.; Mash, E.; Armstrong, N.R.; Wightman, R.M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 4972-4979.
3. Anderson, J.D.; McDonald, E.M.; Wightman, R.M.; Armstrong, N.R.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 9646-9655.
4. Weller, A.; Zachariasse, K. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1971, 10, 197-200.
5. Freed, D.J.; Fanlkner, L.R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 4790-4792.
6. Fanlkner, L.R.; Tachikawa, H.; Bard, A.J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 691-699.
7. Freed, D.J.; Faulkner, L.R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971, 93, 2097-2102.
8. Michael, P.R.; Faulkner, L.R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 7754-7761.
9. Ritchie, E.L.; Pastore, P.; Wightman, R.M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 11920-11925.
10. Sutin, N. Acc. Chem. Res. 1982, 15, 275-282.
11. Park, S.M.; Bard, A. J. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1976, 38, 257-262.
12. Ma, Y.; Lai, T.; Wu, Y. Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, 433-436.
13. Collinson, M.M.; Wightman, R.M. Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 2576-2582.
14. Bard, A.J.; Park, S.M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 2978-2985.
15. Freed, D.J.; Faulkner, L.R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971, 93, 3565-3568.
16. Barra, M.; Calabrese, G.S.; Allen, M.T.; Redmond, R.W.; Sinta, R.; Lamola, A.A.; Small, R.D.; Scaiano, J.C. Chem. Mater. 1991, 3, 610-616.
17. Saltiel, J.; Crowder, J.M.; Wang, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 895-902.
18. Schael, F.; Lohmannsroben, H.-G. Chem. Phys. 1996, 206, 193-210.
19. Schael, F.; Kuster, J.; Lohmannsroben, H.-G. Chem. Phys. 1997, 218, 175-190.
20. Saltiel, J.; Wang, S.; Ko, D.H.; Gormin, D.A. J. Phys. Chem. A 1998, 102, 5383-5392.
21. Dutta, R.; Basu, S.; Chowdhury, M. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1991, 182, 429-434.
22. Park, S.M.; Paffett, M.T.; Daub, G.H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 5393-5399.
23. Weller, A. Z. Phys. Chem. 1982, 133, 93-98.
24. Cosa, G.; Chesta, C. J. Phys. Chem. A 1997, 101, 4922-4928.
25. Beldeman, F.E.; Hercules, D.M. J. Phys. Chem. 1979, 83 (17), 2203-2209.
26. Rathore, R.; Hubig, S.M.; Kochi, J.K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 11468-11480.
27. 1/2 ∼ -2.3 V vs Ag/AgCl) which could participate in the ECL process. Fortunately, the spectrum of this emission was distinctly different from that of the 10MP emission of interest so its contribution could be monitored. In solvents of low dielectric constant this was less of a problem as the potentials were shifted beyond normal operating potential ranges. With less aggressive compensation for the ohmic losses, this extraneous emission was not an issue. Only when extreme ranges were employed (BZO, NAP, and FLO experiments) was this phenomenon problematic.
28. Turro, N.J. Modern Molecular Photochemistry; Benjamin/Cummings: Menlo Park, CA, 1978; p 114.
29. Schulman, S.G. Fluorescence and Phosphorescence Spectroscopy: Photochemical Principles and Practice; Pergamon Press, Ltd.: Elmsford, New York, 1977.
30. Guo, Q.X.; Liang, Z.X.; Liu, B.; Yao, S.D.; Liu, Y.C. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 1996, 93, 27-31.
31. Weller, A.; Zachariasse, K. Chemiluminescence from Radical Ion Recombination VI. Reactions, Yields, and Energies. In Chemiluminescence and Bioluminescence; Cormier, M.J., Hercules, D.M., Lee, J., Eds.; Plenum Press: New York-London, 1973; pp 169-208.
32. Maness, K.M.; Bartelt, J.E.; Wightman, R.M. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 3993-3998.
33. Kapturkiewicz, A. J. Electroanal. Chem. 1994, 372, 101-116.
34. O'Brien, D.F.; Baldo, M.A.; Thompson, M.E.; Forrest, S.R. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1999, 74, 442-444.
35. Baldo, M.A.; Thompson, M.E.; Forrest, S.R. Nature 2000, 403, 750-753.
36. Xie, Z.Y.; Huang, J.S.; Li, C.N.; Liu, S.Y.; Wang, Y.; Li, Y.Q.; Shen, J.C. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1999, 74, 641-643.
37. Kido, J.; Shionoya, H.; Nagai, K. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1995, 67, 2281-2283.
38. Kalinowski, J.; Di Marco, P.; Fattori, V.; Giulietti, L.; Cocchi, M. J. Appl. Phys. 1998, 83, 4242-4248.