Volcanic mound fields on the East Pacific Rise, 16°-19°S: Low effusion rate eruptions at overlapping spreading centers for the past 1 Myr

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

Volumn 107, Issue 10, 2002, Pages

  White, Scott M ^a   MacDonald, Ken C ^a   Sinton, John M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Mounds; Ridge; Segmentation; Side scan; Spreading; Volcanic

Indexed keywords

MID-OCEAN RIDGE; OCEANIC CRUST; QUATERNARY; SEAFLOOR SPREADING; SPREADING CENTER; VOLCANIC ROCK;

EAST PACIFIC RISE; PACIFIC OCEAN;

EID: 0037058183     PISSN: 21699313     EISSN: 21699356     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Alexander, R. T., and K. C. Macdonald, Small off-axis volcanoes on the East Pacific Rise, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 139, 387-394, 1996.
2. Antrim, L., J.-C. Sempere, K. C. Macdonald, and F. N. Spiess, Fine scale study of a small overlapping spreading center system at 12°54'N on the East Pacific Rise, Mar. Geophys. Res., 9, 115-130, 1988.
3. Auzende, J. M., V. Ballu, R. Batiza, D. Bideau, J. L. Charlou, M.-H. Cormier, Y. Fouquet, P. Geistdoerfor, Y. Lagabrielle, J. Sinton, and P. Spadea, Recent tectonic, magmatic and hydrothermal activity on the East Pacific Rise between 17° and 19°S: Submersible observations, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 17,995-18,010, 1996.
4. Barth, G. A., and J. C. Mutter, Variability in oceanic crustal thickness and structure: Multichannel seismic reflection results from the northern East Pacific Rise, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 17,951-17,975, 1996.
5. Bonatti, E., and C. G. A. Harrison, Eruption style of basalt in oceanic spreading ridges and seamounts: Effect of magma temperature and viscosity, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 2967-2980, 1988.
6. Canales, J. P., R. S. Detrick, S. Bazin, A. J. Harding, and J. A. Orcutt, Off-axis crustal thickness across and along the East Pacific Rise within the MELT area, Science, 280, 1218-1220, 1998.
7. Carbotte, S. M., J. C. Mutter, and L. Xu, Contribution of volcanism and tectonism to axial and flank morphology of the southern East Pacific Rise, 17° 10′-17°4′S, from a study of layer 2A geometry, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 10,165-10,184, 1997.
8. Carbotte, S. M., A Solomon, and G. Ponce-Correa, Evaluation of morphological indicators of magma supply and segmentation from a seismic reflection study of the East Pacific Rise, 15°30′-17′°N, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 2737-2760, 2000.
9. Christeson, G. L., G. M. Purdy, and G. J. Fryer, Seismic constraints on shallow crustal emplacement processes at the fast spreading East Pacific Rise, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 17,957-17,973, 1994.
10. Cormier, M.-H., and K. C. Macdonald, East Pacific Rise 18°S-19°S: Asymmetric spreading and ridge reorientation by ultra-fast migration of ridge axis discontinuities, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 543-564, 1994.
11. Cormier, M. H., K. C. Macdonald, and D. S. Wilson, A three-dimensional gravity analysis of the East Pacific Rise from 18°-21°30'S, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 8063-8082, 1995.
12. Cormier, M.-H., D. S. Scheirer, and K. C. Macdonald, Evolution of the East Pacific Rise at 16°-19°S since 5 Ma: Bisection of OSC's by new rapidly propagating ridge segments, Mar. Geophys. Res., 18, 52-84, 1996.
13. Crowder, L. K., and K. C. Macdonald, New constraints on the width of the zone of active faulting on the East Pacific Rise 8°30'N-10°N from Sea Beam bathymetry and SeaMARC II side-scan sonar, Mar. Geophys. Res., 21, 513-527, 2000.
14. Davis, E. E., R. G. Currie, B. S. Sawyer, and J. G. Kosalos, The use of swath bathymetric and acoustic image mapping tools in marine geoscience, Mar. Technol. Soc. J., 20, 17-27, 1986.
15. Dekov, V. M., and V. M. Kuptsov, Late Quarternary rates of accumulation of metal-bearing sediments on the East Pacific Rise, Oceanology, 32, 94-101, 1994.
16. Detrick, R. S., P. Buhl, E. Vera, J. Mutter, J. Orcutt, J. Madsen, and T. Brocher, Multi-channel seismic imaging of a crustal magma chamber along the East Pacific Rise, Nature, 326, 35-41, 1987.
17. Detrick, R. S., A. J. Harding, G. M. Kent, J. A. Orcutt, J. C. Mutter, and P. Buhl, Seismic structure of the southern East Pacific Rise, Science, 259, 499-503, 1993.
18. Fornari, D. J., W. B. F. Ryan, and P. J. Fox, Sea-floor lava fields on the East Pacific Rise, Geology, 13, 413-416, 1985.
19. Fornari, D. J., R. M. Haymon, M. R. Perfit, T. K. P. Gregg, and M. H. Edwards, Axial summit trough of the East Pacific Rise 9°N to 10°N: Geological characteristics and evolution of the axial zone on fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 9827-9855, 1998.
20. Goff, J. A., A. Malinverno, D. J. Fornari, and J. R. Cochran, Abyssal hill segmentation: Quantitative analysis of the East Pacific Rise Flanks 7°S-9°S, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 13,851-13,862, 1993.
21. Gregg, T. K. P., and J. H. Fink, Quantification of submarine lava-flow morphology through analog experiments, Geology, 23, 73-76, 1995.
22. Griffiths, R. W., and J. A. Fink, Solidification and morphology of submarine lavas; a dependence on extrusion rate, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 19,729-19,737, 1992.
23. Head, J. W., L. Wilson, and D. K. Smith, Mid-ocean ridge eruptive vent morphology and substructure: Evidence for dike widths, eruption rates, and the evolution of eruptions and axial volcanic ridges, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 28,265-28,280, 1996.
24. Hekinian, R., J. M. Auzende, J. Francheteau, P. Gente, W. B. F. Ryan, and E. S. Kappel, Offset spreading centers near 12 53'N on the East Pacific Rise: Submersible observations and composition of the volcanics, Mar. Geophys. Res., 7, 329-358, 1985.
25. Hooft, E. E. E., H. Schouten, and R. S. Detrick, Constraining crustal emplacement processes from the variation in seismic layer 2A thickness at the East Pacific Rise, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 142, 289-309, 1996.
26. Hooft, E. E., R. S. Detrick, and G. M. Kent, Seismic structure and indicators of magma budget along the Southern East Pacific Rise, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 27,319-27,340, 1997.
27. Kent, G. M., et al., Evidence from three-dimensional seismic reflectivity images for enhanced melt supply beneath mid-ocean ridge discontinuities, Nature, 406, 614-618, 2000.
28. Lagabrielle, Y., and M.-H. Cormier, Formation of large summit troughs along the East Pacific Rise as collapse calderas: An evolutionary model, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 12,971-12,988, 1999.
29. Lonsdale, P., Segmentation of the Pacific-Nazea spreading center, 1°N-20°S, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 12,197-12,226, 1989.
30. Lyle, M., M. Leinen, R. M. Owen, and D. K. Rea, Late Tertiary history of hydrothermal deposition at the East Pacific Rise, 19°S: Correlation to volcano-tectonic events, Geophys. Res. Lett., 14, 595-598, 1987.
31. MacDonald, K. C., Near-bottom magnetic anomalies, asymmetric spreading, oblique spreading, and tectonics of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge near lat 37N, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 88, 541-555, 1977.
32. MacDonald, K. C., S. P. Miller, B. P. Luyendyk, T. M. Atwater, and L. Shure, Investigation of a Vine-Matthews magnetic lineation from a submersible: The source and character of marine magnetic anomalies, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 3403-3418, 1983.
33. MacDonald, K. C., J.-C. Sempere, and P. J. Fox, East Pacific Rise from Siqueiros to Orozeo Fracture Zones: Along-strike continuity of axial neovolcanic zone and structure and evolution of overlapping spreading centers, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 6049-6069, 1984.
34. MacDonald, K. C., P. J. Fox, L. J. Perram, M. F. Eisen, R. M. Haymon, S. P. Miller, S. M. Carbotte, M.-H. Cormier, and A. N. Shor, A new view of the mid-ocean ridge from the behaviour of ridge-axis discontinuities, Nature, 335, 217-225, 1988.
35. MacDonald, K. C., R. Haymon, and A. Shor, A 220 km2 recently erupted lava field on the East Pacific Rise near lat 8°S, Geology, 17, 212-216, 1989.
36. MacDonald, K. C., D. S. Schierer, and M.-H. Cormier, Mid-ocean ridges: Discontinuities, segments, and giant cracks, Science, 253, 985-994, 1991.
37. MacDonald, K. C., P. J. Fox, S. Carbotte, M. Eisen, S. Miller, L. Perram, D. Scheirer, S. Tighe, and C. Weiland, The East Pacific Rise and its flanks, 8°-18°N: History of segmentation, propagation and spreading direction based on SeaMARC II and Sea Beam studies, Mar. Geophys. Res., 14, 299-344, 1992.
38. MacDonald, K. C., P. J. Fox, R. T. Alexander, R. Pockalny, and P. Gente, Volcanic growth faults and the origin of Pacific abyssal hills. Nature, 380, 125-129, 1996.
39. Marchig, V., J. Erzinger, and P. M. Heinze, Sediment in the black smoker area of the East Pacific Rise, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 79, 93-106, 1986.
40. Perfit, M. R., and W. W. Chadwick, Magmatism at mid-ocean ridges: constraints from volcanological and geochemical investigations, in Faulting and Magmatism at Mid-ocean Ridges, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 106, edited by W. R. Buck et al., pp. 59-116, AGU, Washington, D. C., 1998.
41. Perfit, M. R., D. J. Fornari, M. C. Smith, J. F. Bender, C. H. Langmuir, and R. M. Haymon, Small-scale spatial and temporal variations in mid-ocean ridge crest magmatic processes, Geology, 22, 375-379, 1994.
42. Renard, V., R. Hekinian, J. Francheteau, R. D. Ballard, and H. Backer, Submersible observations at the axis of the ultra fast spreading East Pacific Rise (17°30' to 21°30′S). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 88, 339-353, 1985.
43. Reynolds, J. R., and C. H. Langmuir, Identification and implications of off-axis lava flows around the East Pacific Rise, Geochem. Geophys. Geosys., I(Article), 1999GC000033 [13,181 words], 2000.
44. Scheirer, D. S., and K. C. Macdonald, Variation in cross-sectional area of the axial ridge along the East Pacific Rise: Evidence for the magmatic budget of a fast-spreading center, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 7871-7885, 1993.
45. Scheirer, D. S., K. C. Macdonald, D. W. Forsyth, S. P. Miller, D. W. Wright, and M.-H. Cormier, A map series of the southern East Pacific Rise and it's flanks, 15°S to 19°S. Mar. Geophys. Res., 18, 1-12, 1996a.
46. Scheirer, D. S., K. C. Macdonald, D. W. Forsyth, and Y. Shen, Abundant seamounts of the Rano Rahi seamount field near the southern East Pacific Rise, 15° to 19°S, Mar. Geophys. Res., 18, 13-52, 1996b.
47. Scheirer, D. S., D. W. Forsyth, M.-H. Cormier, and K. C. Macdonald, Shipboard geophysical indications of asymmetry and melt production beneath the East Pacific Rise near the MELT Experiment, Science, 280, 1221-1224, 1998.
48. Sempere, J.-C., and K. C. Macdonald, Deep-Tow studies of the overlapping spreading centers at 9°03′N on the East Pacific Rise, Tectonics, 5, 881-900, 1986.
49. Sempere, J.-C., K. C. Macdonald, S. P. Miller, and L. Shure, Detailed study of the Brunhes/Matuyama reversal boundary on the East Pacific Rise at 19°30'S: Implications for crustal emplacement processes at an ultra fast spreading center, Mar. Geophys. Res., 9, 1-23, 1987.
50. Shen, Y., D. S. Scheirer, D. W. Forsyth, and K. C. Macdonald, Trade-off in production between adjacent seamount chains near the East Pacific Rise, Nature, 373, 140-143, 1995.
51. Sinton, J. M., S. M. Smaglik, J. J. Mahoney, and K. C. Macdonald, Magmatic processes at superfast spreading mid-ocean ridges: Glass compositional variations along the East Pacific Rise 13°-23°S, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 6133-6155, 1991.
52. Sinton, J. M., E. Bergmanis, K. Rubin, R. Batiza, T. K. P. Gregg, K. Gronvold, K. Macdonald, and S. White, Volcanic eruptions on mid-ocean ridges: New evidence from the superfast spreading East Pacific Rise, 17-19°S, J. Geophys. Res., 107(B6), 2115, doi:10,1029/ 2000JB000090, 2002.
53. Smith, D. K., and J. R. Cann. Constructing the upper crust of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: A reinterpretation based on the Puna Ridge, Kilauea Volcano, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 25,379-25,400, 1999.
54. White, S. M., K. C. Macdonald, D. S. Scheirer, and M.-H. Cormier, Distribution of isolated volcanoes on the flanks of the East Pacific Rise, 15.3°-20°S, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 30,371-30,384, 1998.
55. White, S. M., K. C. Macdonald, and R. M. Haymon, Basaltic lava domes, lava lakes, and volcanic segmentation of the southern East Pacific Rise, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 23,519-23,536, 2000.