Mechanical fault interaction within the Los Angeles Basin: A two-dimensional analysis using mechanical efficiency

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

Volumn 107, Issue 7, 2002, Pages

  Cooke, Michele L ^a   Kameda, Ayako ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

Author keywords

Active faulting; Fault interaction; Los Angeles; Mechanical models

Indexed keywords

ACTIVE FAULT; DEFORMATION; FAULT SLIP; GEOMECHANICS; TWO-DIMENSIONAL MODELING;

CALIFORNIA; LOS ANGELES BASIN; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0037055370     PISSN: 21699313     EISSN: 21699356     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. An, L.-J., and C. G. Sammis, A cellular automation for the development of crustal shear zones, Tectonophysics, 253, 247-270, 1996.
2. Bandy, O. L., and L. Marincovich Jr., Rates of Late Cenozoic uplift, Baldwin Hills, Los Angeles, California, Science, 181, 653-655, 1973.
3. Birch, F., Compressibility; elastic constants, in Handbook of Physical Constants, edited by J. S. P. Clark, pp. 97-173, Geol. Soc. of Am., Boulder, Colo., 1966.
4. Bird, P., and X. Kong, Computer simulations of California tectonics confirm very low strength of major faults, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 106, 159-174, 1994.
5. Bryant, M. E., Emergent marine terraces and Quaternary tectonics, Palos Verdes Peninsula, California, in Geology of the Palos Verdes Peninsula and San Pedro Bay, SEPM Guidebook, edited by P. J. Fischer et al., pp. 63-78, Soc. of Econ. Paleontol. and Mineral., Tulsa, Okla., 1987.
6. Carmichael, R. S., CRC Handbook of Physical Properties of Rocks, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., 1984.
7. Castle, R. O., and J. M. Buchanan-Banks, Vertical surface displacements along a part of the Newport-Inglewood zone of folds and faults, Los Angeles and Orange Counties, California, U.S. Geol. Surv., Reston, Va., 1989.
8. Clark, M. M., et al., Preliminary slip-rate table and map of the late-Quaternary faults of California, U.S. Geol. Surv. Open File Rep., 84-0106. 1984.
9. Cooke, M., and C. Underwood, Fracture termination and step-over at bedding interfaces due to frictional slip and interface debonding, J. Struct. Geol., 23, 223-238, 2001.
10. Cooke, M., P. Mollema, D. Pollard, and A. Aydin, Interlayer slip and joint localization in East Kaibab Monocline, Utah: Field evidence and results from numerical modeling, in Forced Folds and Fractures, edited by J. W. Cosgrove, and M. S. Ameen, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 169, 23-49, 2000.
11. Cooke, M. L., and D. D. Pollard, Bedding-plane slip in initial stages of fault-related folding, J. Struct. Geol., 19, 567-581, 1997.
12. Cowie, P. A., D. Sornette, and C. Vanneste, Multifractal scaling properties of a growing fault population, Geophys. J. Int., 122, 457-469, 1995.
13. Crouch, S. L., Computer simulation of mining in faulted ground, J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall., 79, 159-173, 1979.
14. Crouch, S. L., and A. M. Starfield, Boundary Element Methods in Solid Mechanics, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1990.
15. Dahlen, F. A., and T. D. Barr, Brittle frictional mountain building, 1, Deformation and mechanical energy budget, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 3906-3922, 1989.
16. Davis, T. L., J. Namson, and R. F. Yerkes, A cross section of the Los Angeles area: Seismically active fold and thrust belt, the 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake, and earthquake hazard, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 9644-9664, 1989.
17. Deng, J., and L. R. Sykes, Evolution of the stress field in southern California and triggering of moderate-sized earthquakes: A 200-year perspective, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 9859-9886, 1997.
18. Dolan, J. F., K. Sieh, T. K. Rockwell, R. S. Yeats, J. Shaw, J. Suppe, G. J. Huftile, and E. M. Gath, Prospects for larger or more frequent earthquakes in the Los Angeles metropolitan region, Science, 267, 199-205, 1995.
19. Dolan, J. F., D. Stevens, and T. K. Rockwell, Paleoseismologic evidence for an early to mid-Holocene age of the most recent surface rupture on the Hollywood Fault, Los Angeles, California, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 90, 334-344, 2000.
20. Duebendorfer, E. M., J. Vermilye, P. A. Geiser, and T. L. Davis, Evidence for aseismic deformation in the western Transverse Ranges, southern California: Implications for seismic risk assessment, Geology, 26, 271-274, 1998.
21. Feigl, K. L., et al., Space geodetic measurement of crustal deformation in central and southern California, 1984-1992, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 21,677-21,712, 1993.
22. Fischer, P. J., J. H. Rudat, R. H. Patterson, and G. Simila. The Palos Verdes fault zone: Onshore to offshore, in Geology of the Palos Verdes Peninsula and San Pedro Bay, edited by P. J.a.M. I. Fischer, pp. 91-133, Am. Assoc. of Pet. Geol., Tulsa, Okla., 1987.
23. Freeman, S. T., E. G. Heath, P. D. Guptill, and J. T. Waggoner, Seismic hazard assessment, Newport-Inglewood Fault, in Engineering Geology Practice in Southern California, edited by B. W. Popkin and R. J. Proctor, Assoc. of Eng. Geol., Belmont, Calif., 1992.
24. Grant, L. B., J. T. Waggoner, T. K. Rockwell, and C. von Stein, Paleoseismicity of the north branch of the Newport-Inglewood fault zone in Huntington Beach, California, from cone penetrometer test data, Bull. Seismol. Soc Am., 87, 277-293, 1997.
25. Gupta, S., P. A. Cowie, N. H. Dawers, and J. R. Underhill, A mechanism to explain rift-basin subsidence and stratigraphic patterns through fault array evolution. Geology, 26, 595-598, 1998.
26. Hardebeck, J., J. Nazareth, and E. Hauksson, The static stress change triggering model Constraints from two southern California aftershock sequences, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 24,427-24,437, 1998.
27. Harding, T. P., Newport-Inglewood trend, California: An example of wrenching style of deformation, Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol. Bull., 57, 97-116, 1973.
28. Harris, R. A., Stress triggers, stress shadows, and implications for seismic hazard: Introduction to the special issue, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 24,347-24,358, 1998.
29. Hauksson, E., Seismotectonics of the Newport-Inglewood fault zone in the Los Angles Basin, southern California, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 77, 539-561, 1987.
30. Hauksson, E., and L. M. Jones, The 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake sequence in Los Angeles, southern California: Seismological and tectonic analysis, J. Geophys. Res., 94,9569-9589, 1989.
31. Ingersoll, R. V., and P. E. Rumelhart, Three-stage evolution of the Los Angeles Basin, southern California, Geology, 27,593-596, 1999.
32. Jones, L. M., et al., The magnitude 6.7 Northridge, California, earthquake of 17 January 1994, Science, 266, 389-397, 1994.
33. Kagan, Y. Y., Are earthquakes predictable?, J. Geophys. Int., 131, 505-525, 1997.
34. King, G. C. P., R. S. Stein, and J. Lin, Static stress changes and the triggering of earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 84, 935-953, 1994.
35. McNeilan, T. W., T. K. Rockwell, and G. S. Resnik, Style and rate of Holocene slip, Palos Verdes Fault, southern California, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 8317-8334, 1996.
36. Mitra, G., and S. E. Boyer, Energy balance and deformation mechanisms of duplexes, J. Struct. Geol., 8, 291-304, 1986.
37. Nicholson, C., C. C. Sorlien, T. Atwater, J. C. Crowell, and B. P. Luyendyk, Microplate capture, rotation of the western Transverse Ranges, and initiation of the San Andreas transform as a low-angle fault system, Geology, 22, 491-495, 1994.
38. Norris, R. M., and R. W. Webb, Geology of California, John Wiley, New York, 1990.
39. Oskin, M., K. Sieh, T. Rockwell, G. Miller, P. Guptill, M. Curtis, S. McArdle, and P. Elliot, Active parasitic folds on the Elysian Park Anticline: Implications for seismic hazard in central Los Angeles, California, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 112, 693-707, 2000.
40. Petersen, M. D., and S. G. Wesnousky, Fault slip rates and earthquake histories for active faults in southern California, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 4, 1608-1649, 1994.
41. Petersen, M. D., C. H. Cramer, W. A. Bryant, M. S. Reichle, and T. R. Toppozada, Preliminary seismic hazard assessment for the Los Angeles, Ventura, and Orange Counties, California, affected by the 1 January 1994 Northridge earthquake, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 86, S247-S261, 1996.
42. Reiter, M., The Palos Verdes Peninsula: A Geologic Guide and More, Kendall Hunt, Dubuque, Iowa, 1984.
43. Roering, J. J., M. L. Cooke, and D. D. Pollard, Why blind thrust faults do not propagate to the Earth's surface: Numerical modeling of coseismic deformation associated with thrust-related anticlines, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 11,901-11,912, 1997.
44. Schenck, V., Achievements and probable trends in seismic hazard assessment, Tectonophysics, 167, 157-169, 1989.
45. Scholz, C. H., The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1990.
46. Scholz, C. H., Evidence for a strong San Andreas Fault, Geology, 28, 163-166, 2000.
47. Shaw, J. H., and P. M. Shearer, An elusive blind-thrust fault beneath metropolitan Los Angeles, Science, 283, 1516-1518, 1999.
48. Shaw, J. H., and J. Suppe, Earthquake hazards of active blind-thrust faults under the central Los Angeles Basin, California, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 8623-8642, 1996.
49. Shen, Z.-K., D. D. Jackson, and B. X. Ge, Crustal deformation across and beyond the Los Angeles Basin from geodetic measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 27,957-27,980, 1996.
50. Stephenson, W. J., T. K. Rockwell, J. I. Odum, K. M. Shedlock, and D. A. Okaya, Seismic reflection and geomorphic characterization of the onshore Palos Verdes fault zone, Los Angeles California, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 85, 943-950, 1995.
51. Suppe, J., R. E. Bischke, and J. Shaw, Regional map view and cross-sectional determination of fault geometry and slip for blind thrusts in populated areas of southern California, paper presented at SCEC Annual Meeting, S. Calif. Earthquake Cent., Los Angeles, Calif., 1992.
52. Timoshenko, S. P., and J. N. Goodier, Theory of Elasticity, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1934.
53. Vermilye, J. M., and L. Seeber, Pressure solution strain analysis for the San Cayetano Fault: Aseismic deformation associated with a seismogenic fault, Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. Programs, 30, 325, 1998.
54. Walls, C., T. Rockwell, K. Mueller, Y. Block, S. Williams, J. Pfanner, J. Dolan, and P. Fang, Escape tectonics in the Los Angeles metropolitan region and implications for seismic risk, Nature, 394, 356-360, 1998.
55. Ward, S. N., and G. Valensise, The Palos Verdes terraces, California: Bathub rings from a buried reverse fault, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 4485-4494, 1994.
56. Wesnousky, S. G., Seismological and structural evolution of strike-slip faults, Nature, 335, 340-343, 1988.
57. Wright, T. L., Structural geology and tectonic evolution of the Los Angeles Basin, California, AAPG Mem., 52, 35-134, 1991.
58. Yeats, R. S., Newport-Inglewood fault zone, Los Angeles Basin, California, Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol. Bull., 57, 117-135, 1973.
59. Yeats, R. S., and J. M. Beall, Stratigraphic controls of oil fields in the Los Angeles Basin: A guide to migration history, in Active Margin Basins, edited by K. T. Biddle, AAPG Mem., 52, 221-235, 1991.
60. Yerkes, R. F., Geology of the Los Angeles Basin, California: An introduction, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap., 0420-A, A1-A57, 1965.