Drug combinations in pain treatment: A review of the published evidence and a method for finding the optimal combination

Best Practice and Research: Clinical Anaesthesiology

Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2002, Pages 507-519

  Curatolo, Michele ^a   Sveticic, Gorazd ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Combination; Direct search; Drug therapy; Optimisation; Pain

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN; ALPRAZOLAM; AMITRIPTYLINE; ANALGESIC AGENT; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; BROMAZEPAM; BUPIVACAINE; CLONIDINE; CODEINE; CYCLOBENZAPRINE; DEXTROPROPOXYPHENE; DICLOFENAC; FENTANYL; FLUPHENAZINE; IBUPROFEN; KETAMINE; LOCAL ANESTHETIC AGENT; METHADONE; MORPHINE; NAPROXEN; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; OPIATE; OXYCODONE; PARACETAMOL; TENOXICAM; TRAMADOL;

ANALGESIA; ARTICLE; BONE PAIN; CANCER PAIN; CHRONIC PAIN; CLINICAL TRIAL; DREAMING; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG RESEARCH; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HUMAN; HYPOTENSION; KIDNEY FAILURE; MYALGIA; NAUSEA AND VOMITING; NEUROPATHIC PAIN; PAIN; POSTOPERATIVE PAIN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLISHING; SIDE EFFECT; TREATMENT OUTCOME; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG COMBINATION; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASE; NEOPLASM; REVIEW;

ANALGESICS; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; DRUG COMBINATIONS; HUMANS; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES; NEOPLASMS; PAIN;

EID: 0036979815     PISSN: 15216896     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/bean.2002.0254     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Reuben SS. Connelly NR. Lurie S. et al. Dose-response of ketorolac as an adjunct to patient-controlled analgesia morphine in patients after spinal fusion surgery Anesthesia and Analgesia 87 1998 98-102
2. Etches RC. Warriner CB. Badner N. et al. Continuous intravenous administration of ketorolac reduces pain and morphine consumption after total hip or knee arthroplasty Anesthesia and Analgesia 81 1995 1175-1180
3. Parker RK. Holtmann B. Smith I,. White PF. Use of ketorolac after lower abdominal surgery. Effect on analgesic requirement and surgical outcome Anesthesiology 80 1994 6-12
4. Ready LB. Brown CR. Stahlgren LH. et al. Evaluation of intravenous ketorolac administered by bolus or infusion for treatment of postoperative pain. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study Anesthesiology 80 1994 1277-1286
5. Kokki H. Hendolin H. Maunuksela EL. et al. Ibuprofen in the treatment of postoperative pain in small children. A randomized double-blind-placebo controlled parallel group study Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 38 1994 467-472
6. Reasbeck P G Rice M L Reasbeck J C Double-blind controlled trial of indomethacin as an adjunct to narcotic analgesia after major abdominal surgery Lancet 2 1982 115-118
7. Morton NS. O'Brien K. Analgesic efficacy of paracetamol and diclofenac in children receiving PCA morphine British Journal of Anaesthesia 82 1999 715-717
8. Camu F. Beecher T. Recker DP. Verburg KM. Valdecoxib, a COX-2-specific inhibitor, is an efficacious, opioid-sparing analgesic in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty American Journal of Therapeutics 9 2002 43-51
9. Po AL. Zhang WY. Analgesic efficacy of ibuprofen alone and in combination with codeine or caffeine in post-surgical pain: a meta-analysis European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 53 1998 303-311
10. Schug SA. Sidebotham DA. McGuinnety M Acetaminophen as an adjunct to morphine by patient-controlled analgesia in the management of acute postoperative pain Anesthesia and Analgesia 87 1998 368-372
11. Hernandez-Palazon J. Tortosa JA. Martinez-Lage JF. Perez-Flores D. Intravenous administration of propacetamol reduces morphine consumption after spinal fusion surgery Anesthesia and Analgesia 92 2001 1473-1476
12. Korpela R. Korvenoja P. Meretoja OA. Morphine-sparing effect of acetaminophen in pediatric day-case surgery Anesthesiology 91 1999 442-447
13. Edwards JE. McQuay HJ. Moore RA. Combination analgesic efficacy. Individual patient data meta-analysis of single-dose oral tramadol plus acetaminophen in acute postoperative pain Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 23 2002 121-130
14. Moore A. Collins S. Carroll D. et al. Single dose paracetamol (acetaminophen), with and without codeine, for postoperative pain (Cochrane Review) The Cochrane Library 1 2002
15. de Craen AJ. Di Giulio G. Lampe-Schoenmaeckers JE. et al. Analgesic efficacy and safety of paracetamol-codeine combinations versus paracetamol alone: a systematic review British Medical Journal 313 1996 321-325
16. Zhang WY. Li Wan Po.A. Analgesic efficacy of paracetamol and its combination with codeine and caffeine in surgical pain--a meta-analysis Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 21 1996 261-282
17. Li Wan Po.A. Zhang WY. Systematic overview of co-proxamol to assess analgesic effects of addition of dextropropoxyphene to paracetamol British Medical Journal 315 1997 1565-1571
18. Javery KB. Ussery TW. Steger HG. Colclough GW. Comparison of morphine and morphine with ketamine for postoperative analgesia Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia 43 1996 212-215
19. Stubhaug A. A new method to evaluate central sensitization to pain following surgery. Effect of ketamine Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 41 1997 154-155
20. Adriaenssens G. Vermeyen KM. Hoffmann VL. et al. Postoperative analgesia with i.v. patient-controlled morphine: effect of adding ketamine British Journal of Anaesthesia 83 1999 393-396
21. Edwards ND. Fletcher A. Cole JR. Peacock JE. Combined infusions of morphine and ketamine for postoperative pain in elderly patients Anaesthesia 48 1993 124-127
22. Reeves M. Lindholm DE. Myles PS. et al. Adding ketamine to morphine for patient-controlled analgesia after major abdominal surgery: a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial Anesthesia and Analgesia 93 2001 116-120
23. Romsing J. Moiniche S. Dahl JB. Rectal and parenteral paracetamol, and paracetamol in combination with NSAIDs, for postoperative analgesia British Journal of Anaesthesia 88 2002 215-226
24. Hyllested M. Jones S. Pedersen JL. Kehlet H. Comparative effect of paracetamol, NSAIDs or their combination in postoperative pain management: a qualitative review British Journal of Anaesthesia 88 2002 199-214
25. Cooper DW. Ryall DM. McHardy FE. et al. Patient-controlled extradural analgesia with bupivacaine, fentanyl, or a mixture of both, after caesarean section British Journal of Anaesthesia 76 1996 611-615
26. Niemi G. Breivik H. Epidural fentanyl markedly improves thoracic epidural analgesia in a low-dose infusion of bupivacaine, adrenaline and fentanyl. A randomized, double-blind crossover study with and without fentanyl Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 45 2001 221-232
27. Finucane BT. Ganapathy S. Carli F. et al. Prolonged epidural infusions of ropivacaine (2 mg/ml) after colonic surgery: the impact of adding fentanyl Anesthesia and Analgesia 92 2001 1276-1285
28. Torda TA. Hann P. Mills G. et al. Comparison of extradural fentanyl, bupivacaine and two fentanyl-bupivacaine mixtures for pain relief after abdominal surgery British Journal of Anaesthesia 74 1995 35-40
29. Cohen S. Lowenwirt I. Pantuck CB. et al. Bupivacaine 0.01% and/or epinephrine 0.5 mg/ml improve epidural fentanyl analgesia after cesarean section Anesthesiology 89 1998 1354-1361
30. Chaney MA. Side effects of intrathecal and epidural opioids Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia 42 1995 891-903
31. Liu S. Carpenter RL. Neal JM. Epidural anesthesia and analgesia. Their role in postoperative outcome Anesthesiology 82 1995 1474-1506
32. Mogensen T. Eliasen K. Ejlersen E. et al. Epidural clonidine enhances postoperative analgesia from a combined low-dose epidural bupivacaine and morphine regimen Anesthesia and Analgesia 75 1992 607-610
33. Paech MJ. Westmore MD. Speirs HM. A double-blind comparison of epidural bupivacaine and bupivacaine-fentanyl for caesarean section Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 18 1990 22-30
34. Lee JJ. Rubin AP. Comparison of a bupivacaine-clonidine mixture with plain bupivacaine for caudal analgesia in children British Journal of Anaesthesia 72 1994 258-262
35. Carabine UA. Milligan KR. Moore J. Extradural clonidine and bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia British Journal of Anaesthesia 68 1992 132-135
36. Niemi G. Breivik H. Adrenaline markedly improves thoracic epidural analgesia produced by low-dose infusion of bupivacaine, fentanyl and adrenaline after major surgery Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 42 1998 897-909
37. Niemi G. Breivik H. Epinephrine markedly improves thoracic epidural analgesia produced by a low-dose infusion of ropivacaine, fentanyl and epinephrine after major thoracic or abdominal surgery Anesthesia and Analgesia 94 2002 1598-1605
38. Sakaguchi Y. Sakura S. Shinzawa M. Saito Y. Does adrenaline improve epidural bupivacaine and fentanyl analgesia after abdominal surgery? Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 28 2000 522-526
39. Verborgh C. Van der Auwera D. Noorduin H. Camu F. Epidural sufentanil for post-operative pain relief: effects of adrenaline European Journal of Anaesthesiology 5 1988 183-191
40. Curatolo M. Is epinephrine unfairly neglected for postoperative epidural mixtures? Anesthesia and Analgesia 94 2002 1381-1383
41. Cohen S. Amar D. Pantuck CB. et al. Epidural patient-controlled analgesia after cesarean section: buprenorphine-0.015% bupivacaine with epinephrine versus fentanyl-0.015% bupivacaine with and without epinephrine Anesthesia and Analgesia 74 1992 226-230
42. Ngan Kee WD. Khaw KS. Ma ML. The effect of the addition of adrenaline to pethidine for patient-controlled epidural analgesia after caesarean section Anaesthesia 53 1998 1012-1016
43. Semple AJ. Macrae DJ. Munishankarappa S. et al. Effect of the addition of adrenaline to extradural diamorphine analgesia after caesarean section British Journal of Anaesthesia 60 1988 632-638
44. Huang KS. Tseng CH. Cheung KS. et al. Influence of epinephrine as an adjuvant to epidural morphine for postoperative analgesia Acta Anaesthesiologica Sinica 31 1993 245-248
45. Graff-Radford SB. Shaw LR. Naliboff BN. Amitriptyline and fluphenazine in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia Clinical Journal of Pain 16 2000 188-192
46. Fossaluzza V. De Vita S. Combined therapy with cyclobenzaprine and ibuprofen in primary fibromyalgia syndrome International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Research 12 1992 99-102
47. Goldenberg DL. Felson DT. Dinerman H. A randomized, controlled trial of amitriptyline and naproxen in the treatment of patients with fibromyalgia Arthritis and Rheumatism 29 1986 1371-1377
48. Quijada-Carrera J. Valenzuela-Castano A. Povedano-Gomez J. et al. Comparison of tenoxicam and bromazepan in the treatment of fibromyalgia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Pain 65 1996 221-225
49. Russell IJ. Fletcher EM. Michalek JE. et al. Treatment of primary fibrositis/fibromyalgia syndrome with ibuprofen and alprazolam. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study Arthritis and Rheumatism 34 1991 552-560
50. Bjorkman R. Ullman A. Hedner J. Morphine-sparing effect of diclofenac in cancer pain European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 44 1993 1-5
51. Stambaugh JE. Jr. Drew J. The combination of ibuprofen and oxycodone/acetaminophen in the management of chronic cancer pain Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 44 1988 665-669
52. Ferrer-Brechner T. Ganz P. Combination therapy with ibuprofen and methadone for chronic cancer pain American Journal of Medicine 77 1984 78-83
53. Minotti V. De Angelis V. Righetti E. et al. Double-blind evaluation of short-term analgesic efficacy of orally administered diclofenac, diclofenac plus codeine, and diclofenac plus imipramine in chronic cancer pain Pain 74 1998 133-137
54. Lauretti GR. Lima IC. Reis MP. et al. Oral ketamine and transdermal nitroglycerin as analgesic adjuvants to oral morphine therapy for cancer pain management Anesthesiology 90 1999 1528-1533
55. Mercadante S. Arcuri E. Tirelli W. Casuccio A. Analgesic effect of intravenous ketamine in cancer patients on morphine therapy. A randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover, double-dose study Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 20 2000 246-252
56. Spendley W. Hext GR. Himsworth FR. Sequential applications of simplex designs in optimisation and evolutionary operation Technometrics 4 1962 441-461
57. Berenbaum MC. Direct search methods in the optimisation of cancer chemotherapy regimens British Journal of Cancer 61 1990 101-109
58. Curatolo M. Schnider TW. Petersen-Felix S. et al. A direct search procedure to optimize combinations of epidural bupivacaine, fentanyl, and clonidine for postoperative analgesia Anesthesiology 92 2000 325-337
59. Sveticic G. Gentilini A. Eichenberger U. et al. Combinations of morphine with ketamine for patient controlled analgesia. A new optimization method Anesthesiology 2002
60. Berenbaum MC. What is synergy? Pharmacological Reviews 41 1989 93-141