Learning to communicate: The emergence of signaling in spatialized arrays of neural nets

Adaptive Behavior

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 45-70

  Grim, Patrick ^a   St Denis, Paul ^a   Kokalis, Trina ^a  

^a STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Communication; Evolution; Learning; Neural nets; Philosophy of language; Spatialization

Indexed keywords

EID: 0036975075     PISSN: 10597123     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/10597123020101003     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Ackley, D., & Littman, M. (1994). Altruism in the evolution of communication. In R. A. Brooks & P. Maes (Eds.), Artificial life IV: Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems (pp. 40-48). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
2. Aristotle. (ca 330 BC). De interpretatione. (R. McKeon, Ed.). New York: Random House. (This ed. published 1971)
3. Augustine. (ca 400). Confessions. (J. J. O'Donnell, commentary). New York: Oxford University Press. (This ed. published 1992)
4. Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. London: Oxford University Press.
5. Batali, J. (1995). Small signaling systems can evolve in the absence of benefit to the information sender. Unpublished manuscript.
6. Cangelosi, A., & Parisi, D. (1998). The emergence of a 'language' in an evolving population of neural networks. Connection Science, 10, 83-97.
7. Davidson, D. (1967). Truth and meaning. Synthese, 17, 304-323.
8. Dawkins, R. (1976). The selfish gene. New York: Oxford University Press.
9. De Saussure, F. (1983). Cours de linguistique generate [Course in general linguistics] (R. Harris, Trans.). London: Duckworth. (Original work published 1916)
10. Dyer, M. G. (1995). Toward synthesizing artificial networks that exhibit cooperative intelligent behavior: Some open issues in artificial life. In C. Langton (Ed.), Artificial life: An overview (pp. 111-134). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
11. Fausett, L. (1994). Fundamentals of neural networks. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
12. Fodor, J. (1975). The language of thought. New York: Crowell.
13. Frege, G. (1967). Begriffsschrift. In J. van Heijenoort (Ed.), From Frege to Gödel: A source book in mathematical logic, 1879-1931 (pp. 1-82). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. (Original work published 1879)
14. Grice, H. P. (1957). Meaning. Philosophical Review, 66, 377-388.
15. Grice, H. P. (1989). Studies in the way of words. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
16. Grim, P. (1995). Greater generosity in the spatialized prisoner's dilemma. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 173, 353-359.
17. Grim, P. (1996). Spatialization and greater generosity in the stochastic prisoner's dilemma. Biosystems, 37, 3-17.
18. Grim, P., Kokalis, T., Tafti, A., & Kilb, N. (2000). Evolution of communication in perfect and imperfect worlds. World Futures: The Journal of General Evolution, 56, 179-197.
19. Grim, P., Kokalis, T., Tafti, A., & Kilb, N. (2001). Evolution of communication with a spatialized genetic algorithm. Evolution of Communication, 3, 105-134.
20. Grim, P., Mar, G., & St. Denis, P. (1998). The philosophical computer: Exploratory essays in philosophical computer modeling. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.
21. Hobbes, T. (1997). Leviathan. (Norton Critical Edition, R. E. Flathman & D. Johnston, Eds.) (Original work published 1651)
22. Hutchins, E., & Hazlehurst, B. (1991). 'Learning in the cultural process.' In C. G. Langton, C. Taylor, J. D. Farmer, & S. Rasmussen (Eds.), Artificial life II (pp. 689-708). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
23. Hutchins, E., & Hazlehurst. B. (1995). 'How to invent a lexicon: The development of shared symbols in interaction.' In N. Gilbert & R. Conte (Eds.), Artificial societies: The computer simulation of social life (pp. 157-189). Reading, MA: UCL Press.
24. Larson, R., & Segal, G. (1995). Knowledge of meaning: An introduction to semantic theory. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.
25. Levin, M. (1995). The evolution of understanding: A genetic algorithm model of the evolution of communication. BioSystems, 36, 167-178.
26. Lewis, D. (1969). Convention: A philosophical study. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
27. Livingstone, D. (2000). Neutral evolution and linguistic diversity. Computing and Information Systems Tech. Rep. No. 9. University of Paisley, Scotland.
28. Livingstone, D., & Fyfe, C. (1999). Diversity in learned communication. In K. Dautenhahn & C. Nehaniv (Eds.), AISB '99 Symposium on Imitation in Animals and Artifacts (pp. 139-146). Sussex, UK: Society for the Study of Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behavior, AISB Press
29. Locke, J. (1979). Essay concerning human understanding. (P. H. Nidditch, Ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. (Original work published 1689)
30. Ludlow, P. (Ed.). (1997). Readings in the philosophy of language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.
31. MacLennan, B. J. (1991). Synthetic ethology: An approach to the study of communication. In C. G. Langton, C. Taylor, J. D. Farmer, & S. Rasmussen (Eds.). Artificial life III (pp. 631-655). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
32. MacLennan, B. J., & Burghardt, G. M. (1994). Synthetic ethology and the evolution of cooperative communication. Adaptive Behavior, 2, 161-188.
33. McClelland, J. L., & Rumelhart, D. E. (1988). Explorations in Parallel Distributed Processing. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
34. Mill, J. S. (1884). A system of logic, ratiocinative and inductive, being a connected view of the principles of evidence and the methods of scientific investigation. London: Longmans, Green.
35. Minsky, M., & Papert, S. (1990). Perceptrons: An introduction to computational geometry. (Expanded Ed.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
36. Noble, J. & Cliff, D. (1996). On Simulating the evolution of communication. In P. Maes, M. Mataric, J. Meyer, J. Pollack, & S. Wilson (Eds.). From animals to animats 4: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior (pp. 608-617). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
37. Nowak, M. A. & Krakauer, D. C. (1999). The evolution of language. Procedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 96, 8028-8033.
38. Nowak, M. A., Krakauer, D. C., & Dress, A. (1999). An error limit for the evolution of language. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B. 266, 2131-2136.
39. Nowak, M. A., Plotkin, J. B., & Jansen, V. A. A. (2000). The evolution of syntactic communication. Nature. 404, 495-498.
40. Nowak, M. A., Plotkin, J. B., & Krakauer, D. C. (1999). The evolutionary language game. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 200, 147-162.
41. Oliphant, M., & Batali, J. (1997). Learning and the emergence of coordinated communication. Center for Research on Language Newsletter 11(1), 1-46.
42. Parisi, D. (1997). An artificial life approach to language. Brain and Language, 59, 121-146.
43. Plagianakos, V. P., & Vrahatis, M. N. (1999). Training neural networks with 3-bit integer weights. In Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (Gecco '99) (Vol. 1. pp. 910-915.). Los Altos. CA: Morgan Kaufmann.
44. Quine, W. V. O. (1960). Word and object. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
45. Rosenblatt, F. (1959). Two theorems of statistical separability in the perceptron. In Mechanization of thought processes: Proceedings of a Symposium Held at the National Physical Laboratory, November 1958 (pp. 421-456). London: HM Stationery Office.
46. Rosenblatt, F. (1962). Principles of neurodynamics. New York: Spartan Press.
47. Russell, B. (1921). The analysis of mind. London: Allen & Unwin: New York: Macmillan.
48. Russell, B. (1940). Inquiry into meaning and truth. London: Allen & Unwin.
49. Saunders, G. M., & Pollack, J. B. (1996). The evolution of communication schemes over continuous channels. In P. Maes, M. Mataric, J. Meyer, J. Pollack, & S. Wilson (Eds.), From animals to animats 4: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior (pp. 580-589). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
50. Searle, J. R. (1969). Speech acts: An essay in the philosophy of language. London: Cambridge University Press.
51. Shelley, M. (1992). Frankenstein. Everyman's Library ed. New York: Knopf. (Original work published 1831)
52. Skyrms, B. (1996). Evolution of the social contract. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
53. Steels, L. (1996). Emergent Adaptive Lexicons. In P. Mues, M. Mataric, J. Meyer, J. Pollack, & S. Wilson (Eds.), From animals to animats 4: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior (pp. 562-567). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
54. Steels, L. (1998). Synthesizing the origins of language and meaning using co-evolution, self-organization and level formation. In J. R. Hurford, M. Studdert-Kennedy, & C. Knight (Eds.), Approaches to the evolution of language: Social and cognitive bases (pp. 384-404). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
55. Wagner, K. (2000). Cooperative strategies and the evolution of communication. Artificial Life, 6, 149-179.
56. Werner, G., & Dyer, M. (1991). Evolution of communication in artificial organisms. In C. G. Langton, C. Taylor, J. D. Farmer, & S. Rasmussen (Eds.), Artificial life II pp. 659-687. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
57. White, H. (1990). Connectionist nonparametric regression: Multilayer feedforward networks can learn arbitrary mappings. Neural Networks, 5, 535-549.
58. Wittgenstein, L. (1953). Philosophical investigations. New York: Macmillan.