Effects of long-term oral hormone replacement therapy on plasma nitric oxide and beta-endorphin levels in postmenopausal women

Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation

Volumn 54, Issue 4, 2002, Pages 196-200

  Akhan, Süleyman Engin ^a,b   Gürel, Tülin ^a   Has, Recep ^a   Iyibozkurt, Ahmet Cem ^a   Turfanda, Abdullah ^a  

^a ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

^b NONE   (Turkey)

Author keywords

Endorphin; Cognitive functions; Hormone replacement therapy; Menopause; Nitric oxide

Indexed keywords

BETA ENDORPHIN; ESTRADIOL; NITRIC OXIDE; NORETHISTERONE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITION; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DRUG EFFECT; EVALUATION; FEMALE; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HUMAN; LONG TERM CARE; MOOD; POSTMENOPAUSE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

BETA-ENDORPHIN; BODY MASS INDEX; ESTRADIOL; ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; FEMALE; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; NITRIC OXIDE; POSTMENOPAUSE;

EID: 0036969419     PISSN: 03787346     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000068382     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. Genazzani AR, Gastaldi M, Bidzinska B, Mercuri N, Genazzani AD, Nappi RE, et al: The brain as a target organ of gonadal steroids. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1992;17:385-390.
2. Sherwin BB: Estrogen and cognitive functioning in women. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1998;217:17-22.
3. Archer JS: Depression, estrogen and neurotransmitters in the postmenopausal women; in Studd J (ed): The Management of the Menopause. The Millenium Review 2000. New York, Parthenon, 2000, pp 127-138.
4. Rand MJ, Li CG: Nitric oxide as a neurotransmitter in peripheral nerves: Nature of transmitter and mechanism of transmission. Annu Rev Physiol 1995;57:659-682.
5. Genazzani AR, Bernardi F, Stomati M, Rubino S, Giardina L, Luisi S, et al: Raloxifene analog LY 117018 effects on central and peripheral β-endorphin. Gynecol Endocrinol 1999;13:249-258.
6. Imthurn B, Rosselli M, Jaeger AW, Keller PJ, Dubey RK: Differential effects of hormone-replacement therapy on endogenous nitric oxide (nitrite/nitrate) levels in postmenopausal women substituted with 17 beta-estradiol valerate and cyproterone acetate or medroxyprogesterone acetate. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:388-394.
7. Cicinelli E, Ignarro LJ, Lograno M, Matteo G, Falco N, Schonauer LM: Acute effects of trans-dermal estradiol administration on plasma levels of nitric oxide in postmenopausal women. Fertil Steril 1997;67:63-66.
8. Stomati M, Bernardi F, Monteleone P, Genazzani AD, D'Anbrogio G, Luisi M, Genazzani AR: Sex steroid hormones and central nervous system: Neuroendocrine effects of Δ5 androgens in postmenopausal women; in Studd J (ed): The Management of the Menopause. The Millenium Review 2000. New York, Parthenon, 2000, pp 115-126.
9. Lopez-Jaramillo P, Teran E: Improvement in functions of the central nervous system by estrogen replacement therapy might be related with an increased nitric oxide production. Endothelium 1999;6:263-266.
10. Schuman EM, Madison DV: Nitric oxide and synaptic function. Annu Rev Neurosci 1994;17:153-184.
11. McNeill AM, Zhang C, Stanczyk FZ, Duckles SP, Krause DN: Estrogen increases endothelial nitric oxide synthase via estrogen receptors in rat cerebral blood vessels: Effect preserved after concurrent treatment with medroxyprogesterone acetate or progesterone. Stroke 2002;33:1685-1691.
12. Genazzani AR, Petraglia F, Bergamaschi M, Genazzani AD, Facchinetti F, Volpe A: Progesterone and progestins modulate beta-endorphin concentrations in the hypothalamus and in the pituitary of castrated female rats. Gynecol Endocrinol 1987;1:61-69.
13. Ortega E, Cuadros JL, Gonzalez AR, Ruiz E: Effects of estrogen-progestin replacement therapy on plasma beta-endorphin levels in menopausal women. Biochem Mol Biol Int 1993;29:831-836.
14. Rosselli M, Imthurn B, Keller PJ, Jackson EK, Dubey RK: Circulating nitric oxide (nitrite/nitrate) levels in postmenopausal women substituted with 17-beta-estradiol and norethisterone acetate. A two-year follow-up study. Hypertension 1995;25:848-853.