Plasma ghrelin, obesity, and the polycystic ovary syndrome: Correlation with insulin resistance and androgen levels

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

Volumn 87, Issue 12, 2002, Pages 5625-5629

  Pagotto, Uberto ^a   Gambineri, Alessandra ^a   Vicennati, Valentina ^a   Heiman, Mark L ^b   Tschöp, Matthias ^b,c   Pasquali, Renato ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

^b ELI LILLY AND COMPANY   (United States)

^c GERMAN INSTITUTE OF HUMAN NUTRITION   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANDROGEN; ANDROSTENEDIONE; GHRELIN; GLUCOSE; HYPOPHYSIS HORMONE; INSULIN; METFORMIN; PLACEBO; STEROID;

ADULT; ANDROGEN BLOOD LEVEL; ANDROSTENEDIONE BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET RESTRICTION; FEMALE; GENITAL SYSTEM; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS; GONAD; HUMAN; INSULIN BLOOD LEVEL; INSULIN RESISTANCE; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; LOW CALORY DIET; OBESITY; ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST; OVARY POLYCYSTIC DISEASE; PANCREAS ISLET; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STEROIDOGENESIS;

ADULT; ANDROGENS; ANDROSTENEDIONE; DIET, REDUCING; FEMALE; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; INSULIN RESISTANCE; METFORMIN; OBESITY; PEPTIDE HORMONES; POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME;

FALLOPIA;

EID: 0036925201     PISSN: 0021972X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1210/jc.2002-020776     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Kojima M, Hosoda H, Date Y, Nakazato M, Matsuo H, Kangawa K 1999 Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach. Nature 402:656-660
2. Howard AD, Feighner SD, Cully DF, Arena JP, Liberator PA, Rosenblum CI, Hamelin M, Hreniuk DL, Palyha OC, Anderson J, Paress PS, Diaz C, Chou M, Liu KK, McKee KK, Pong SS, Chaung LY, Elbrecht A, Dashkevicz M, Heavens R, Rigby M, Sirinathsinghji DJ, Dean DC, Melillo DG, Van der Ploeg LH 1996 A receptor in pituitary and hypothalamus that functions in growth hormone release. Science 273:974-977
3. Arvat E, Di Vito L, Broglio F, Papotti M, Muccioli G, Dieguez C, Casanueva FF, Deghenghi R, Camanni F, Ghigo E 2000 Preliminary evidence that ghrelin, the natural GH secretagogue (GHS)-receptor ligand, strongly stimulates GH secretion in humans. J Endocrinol Invest 23:493-495
4. Tschop M, Smiley DL, Heiman ML 2000 Ghrelin induces adiposity in rodents. Nature 407:908-913
5. Nakazato M, Murakami N, Date Y, Kojima M, Matsuo H, Kangawa K, Matsukura S 2001 A role for ghrelin in the central regulation of feeding. Nature 409:194-198
6. Kamegai J, Tamura H, Shimizu T, Ishii S, Sugihara H, Wakabayashi I 2000 Central effect of ghrelin, an endogenous growth hormone secretagogue, on hypothalamic peptide gene expression. Endocrinology 141:4797-4800
7. Wren AM, Seal LJ, Cohen MA, Brynes AE, Frost GS, Murphy KG, Dhillo WS, Ghatei MA, Bloom SR 2001 Ghrelin enhances appetite and increases food intake in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:5992-5995
8. Muccioli G, Tschop M, Papotti M, Deghenghi R, Heiman M, Ghigo E 2002 Neuroendocrine and peripheral activities of ghrelin: Implications in metabolism and obesity. Eur J Pharmacol 440:235-254
9. Ariyasu H, Takaya K, Tagami T, Ogawa Y, Hosoda K, Akamizu T, Suda M, Koh T, Natsui K, Toyooka S, Shirakami G, Usui T, Shimatsu A, Doi K, Hosoda H, Kojima M, Kangawa K, Nakao K 2001 Stomach is a major source of circulating ghrelin, and feeding state determines plasma ghrelin-like immunoreactivity levels in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:4753-4758
10. Cummings DE, Purnell JQ, Frayo RS, Schmidova K, Wisse BE, Weigle DS 2001 A preprandial rise in plasma ghrelin levels suggests a role in meal initiation in humans. Diabetes 50:1714-1719
11. Tschop M, Weyer C, Tataranni AP, Devanarayan V, Ravussin E, Heiman ML 2001 Circulating ghrelin levels are decreased in human obesity. Diabetes 50:707-709
12. Shiiya T, Nakazato M, Mizuta M, Date Y, Mondal MS, Tanaka M, Nozoe S, Hosoda H, Kangawa K, Matsukura S 2002 Plasma ghrelin levels in lean and obese humans and the effect of glucose on ghrelin secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:240-244
13. Papotti M, Ghe C, Cassoni P, Catapano F, Deghenghi R, Ghigo E, Muccioli G 2000 Growth hormone secretagogue binding sites in peripheral human tissues. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85:3803-3807
14. Tena-Sempere M, Barreiro ML, Gonzalez LC, Gaytan F, Zhang FP, Caminos JE, Pinilla L, Casanueva FF, Dieguez C, Aguilar E 2002 Novel expression and functional role of ghrelin in rat testis. Endocrinology 143:717-725
15. Franks S 1995 Polycystic ovary syndrome. N Engl J Med 333:853-861
16. Pasquali R, Casimirri F 1993 The impact of obesity on hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary syndrome in premenopausal women. Clin Endocrinol 39:1-16
17. Gambineri A, Pagotto U, Pelusi C, Vicennati V, Pasquali R 2002 Obesity and the polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Obes 26:883-896
18. Dunaif A 1997 Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome: Mechanism and implications for pathogenesis. Endocr Rev 18:774-800
19. Poretsky L 1991 On the paradox of insulin-induced hyperandrogenism in insulin-resistant state. Endocr Rev 12:3-13
20. Report of a WHO Consultation on Obesity 1997 Obesity. Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic. Geneva: WHO/NUT/NCD 98.1
21. Orsini LP, Venturoli S, Lorusso R, Pluchinotta V, Paradisi R, Bovicelli L 1985 Ultrasonic findings in polycystic ovarian disease. Fertil Steril 43:709-714
22. Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus 2000 Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 23 (Suppl 1):S4-S19
23. Garrow JS 1988 Obesity and Related Diseases. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone
24. Crave JC, Fimbel S, Lejeune H, Cugnardey N, Déchaud H, Pugeat M 1995 Effects of diet and metformin administration on sex-hormone-binding globulin, androgens, and insulin in hirsute and obese women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 80:2057-2062
25. Pasquali R, Gambineri A, Biscotti D, Vicennati V, Gagliardi L, Colitta D, Fiorini S, Cognini GE, Filicori M, Morselli-Labate AM 2000 Effect of longterm treatment with metformin added to hypocaloric diet on body composition, fat distribution, and androgen and insulin levels in abdominally obese women with and without the polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85:2767-2774
26. Pasquali R, Gambineri A, Anconetani B, Vicennati V, Colitta D, Caramelli E, Casimirri F, Morselli-Labate AM 1999 The natural history of the metabolic syndrome in young women with the polycystic ovary syndrome and the effect of long-term oestrogen-progestogen treatment Clin Endocrinol 50:517-527
27. Caro J 1991 Insulin resistance in obese and nonobese man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 73:691-695
28. Legro RS, Finegood D, Dunaif A 1998 A fasting glucose to insulin ratio is a useful measure of insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:2694-2698
29. Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC 1985 Homeostasis model assessment: Insulin resistance and β-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 28:412-419
30. Matsuda M, DeFronzo RA 1999 Insulin sensitivity indices obtained from oral glucose tolerance testing Diabetes Care 22:1462-1470
31. Vermeulen A, Verdonck L, Kaufman JM 1999 A critical evaluation of simple methods for the estimation of free testosterone in serum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84:3666-3672
32. Otto B, Cuntz U, Fruehauf E, Wawarta R, Folwaczny C, Riepl RL, Heiman ML, Lehnert P, Fichter M, Tschop M 2001 Weight gain decreases elevated plasma ghrelin concentrations of patients with anorexia nervosa. Eur J Endocrinol 145:669-673
33. Siegel S 1956 Non-parametric Statistics of the Behavioral Sciences. New York: McGraw-Hill
34. Levene H 1960 Robust test for equality of variance. In: Olkin I, ed. Contribution to Probability and Statistics. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press
35. Dixon WJ 1990 Linear regression by groups. In: BMDP Statistical Software Manual, vol 2. Berkeley, Los Angeles, Oxford: University of California
36. Egido EM, Rodriguez-Gallardo J, Silvestre RA, Marco J 2002 Inhibitory effect of ghrelin on insulin and pancreatic somatostatin secretion. Eur J Endocrinol 146:241-244
37. Date Y, Nakazato M, Hashiguchi S, Dezaki K, Mondal MS, Hosoda H, Kojima M, Kangawa K, Arima T, Matsuo H, Yada T, Matsukura S 2002 Ghrelin is present in pancreatic alpha-cells of humans and rats and stimulates insulin secretion. Diabetes 51:124-129
38. Hansen TK, Dall R, Hosoda H, Kojima M, Kangawa K, Christiansen JS, Jorgensen JOL 2002 Weight loss increases circulating levels of ghrelin in human obesity. Clin Endocrinol 56:203-206