Differential age effects for case and hue mixing in visual word recognition

Psychology and Aging

Volumn 17, Issue 4, 2002, Pages 622-635

  Allen, Philip A ^a   Groth, Karen E ^b   Grabbe, Jeremy W ^c   Smith, Albert F ^d   Pickle, Jody L ^a   Madden, David J ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AKRON   (United States)

^b CLEVELAND STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d KENT STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e DUKE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE; AGED; ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; COLOR; CONTROLLED STUDY; DECISION MAKING; HUMAN; INFORMATION PROCESSING; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; WORD RECOGNITION;

EID: 0036903471     PISSN: 08827974     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0882-7974.17.4.622     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Adams, M. J. (1979). Models of word recognition. Cognitive Psychology, 11, 133-176.
2. Allen, P. A., Cerella, J., Madden, D. J., Smith, A. F., & Lien, M. (2000). A Multiplicative Deficit, Additive Stage Model of Cognitive Aging. Unpublished manuscript.
3. Allen, P. A., & Emerson, P. L. (1991). Holism revisited: Evidence for parallel independent word-level and letter-level processors during word recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 17, 489-511.
4. Allen, P. A., Kaufman, M., Smith, A. F., & Propper, R. E. (1998a). A molar model of age differences in spatial memory. Psychology and Aging, 13, 501-518.
5. Allen, P. A., Kaufman, M., Smith, A. F., & Propper, R. E. (1998b). Age differences in entropy: Primary versus secondary memory. Experimental Aging Research, 24, 307-336.
6. Allen, P. A., Lien, M.-C., Murphy, M. D., Sanders, R. E., Judge, K. S., & McCann, R. S. (2002). Age differences in overlapping-task performance: Evidence for efficient parallel processing in older adults. Psychology and Aging, 17, 505-519.
7. Allen, P. A., & Madden, D. J. (1989). Adult age differences in the effects of word frequency during visual letter identification. Cognitive Development, 4, 283-294.
8. Allen, P. A., & Madden, D. J. (1990). Evidence for a parallel input serial analysis (PISA) model of word processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 16, 48-64.
9. Allen, P. A., Madden, D. J., & Crozier, L. C. (1991). Adult age differences in letter-level and word-level processing. Psychology and Aging, 6, 261-271.
10. Allen, P. A., Madden, D. J., & Slane, S. (1995). Visual word encoding and the effect of adult age and word frequency. In P. A. Allen & T. R. Bashore (Eds.), Age Differences in Word and Language Processing (pp. 30-71). Amsterdam: North-Holland.
11. Allen, P., Madden, D., Weber, T., & Groth, K. (1993). Influence of age and processing stage on visual word recognition. Psychology and Aging, 8, 274-282.
12. Allen, P., Sliwinski, M., & Bowie, T. (2002). Differential age effects in semantic and episodic memory: Part II. Slope and intercept analyses. Experimental Aging Research, 28, 111-142.
13. Allen, P., Sliwinski, M., Bowie, T., & Madden, D. (2002). Differential age effects in semantic and episodic memory. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 57B, P173-P186.
14. Allen, P., Smith, A. F., Lien, M., Burlingame, F., Kaut, K., & Chase, C. (2002). A Multi-stream Model of Visual Word Recognition. Manuscript submitted for publication.
15. Allen, P., Smith, A. F., Lien, M., Weber, T., & Madden, D. (1997). Word frequency effects at brief exposure durations: Comment on Paap and Johansen (1994). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 23, 1792-1797.
16. Allen, P., Stadtlander, L., Groth, K., Pickle, J., & Madden, D. (2000). Adult age invariance in sentence unitization. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 7, 54-67.
17. Allen, P., Wallace, B., & Weber, T. (1995). Influence of case type, word frequency, and exposure duration on visual word recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 21, 914-934.
18. Balota, D. A., & Ferraro, F. R. (1993). A dissociation of frequency and regularity effects in pronunciation performance across young adults, older adults, and individuals with senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Journal of Memory and Language, 32, 573-592.
19. Balota, D. A., & Ferraro, F. R. (1996). Lexical, sub-lexical, and implicit memory processes in healthy young and healthy older adults and in individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Neuropsychology, 10, 82-95.
20. Balota, D. A., Pilotti, M., & Cortese, M. (2001). Subjective frequency estimates for 2,938 monosyllabic words. Memory & Cognition, 29, 639-647.
21. Balota, D. A., & Spieler, D. H. (1998). The utility of item-level analyses in model evaluation: A reply to Seidenberg and Plaut. Psychological Science, 9, 238-240.
22. Blakemore, C., & Campbell, F. (1969). On the existence of neurones in the human visual system selectively sensitive to the orientation and size of retinal images. Journal of Physiology, 203, 237-260.
23. Breitmeyer, B., & Ganz, L. (1976). Implications of sustained and transient channels for theories of visual pattern masking, saccadic suppression, and information processing. Psychological Review, 83, 1-33.
24. Carlson, N. R. (1998). Physiology of behavior (6th Ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
25. Cerella, J. (1985). Information processing rates in the elderly. Psychological Bulletin, 98, 67-83.
26. DeYoe, E. A., & Van Essen, D. C. (1988). Concurrent processing streams in monkey visual cortex. Trends in the Neurosciences, 11, 219-226.
27. Gervais, M. J., Harvey, L. O., & Roberts, J. O. (1984). Identification confusions among letters of the alphabet. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 10, 655-666.
28. Ginsberg, A., Carl, J., Kabrisky, M., Hall, C., & Gill, R. (1976). Psychological aspects of a model for the classification of visual images. In J. Rose (Ed.), Advances in Cybernetics and Systems (pp. 1289-1305). London: Gordon and Breech.
29. Graham, N., Sutter, A., & Venkatesan, C. (1993). Spatial-frequency and orientation-selectivity of simple and complex channels in region segregation. Vision Research, 33, 1893-1911.
30. Healy, A. F. (1976). Detection error on the word the: New evidence on reading units. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2, 235-242.
31. Healy, A. F., Conboy, G. L., & Drewnowski, A. (1987). Characterizing the processing units of reading: Effects of intra- and interword spaces in a letter detection task. In B. Britton & S. Glynn (Eds.), Executive control processes in reading (pp. 279-296). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
32. Johnson, N. F., Allen, P. A., & Strand, T. L. (1989). On the role of word frequency in the detection of component letters. Memory & Cognition, 17, 474-482.
33. Jordan, T. R. (1995). Perceiving exterior letters of words: Differential influences of letter-fragment and non-letter-fragment masks. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 21, 512-530.
34. Jordan, T. R., & Bevan, K. M. (1996). Position-specific masking and the word-letter phenomenon: Reexamining the evidence from the Reicher-Wheeler paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 22, 1416-1433.
35. Kelly, D. H. (1979). Motion and vision: II. Stabilized spatio-temporal threshold surface. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 69, 1340-1349.
36. Kucera, H., & Francis, W. (1967). Computational Analysis of Present-day American English. Providence, RI: Brown University Press.
37. Livingstone, M., & Hubel, D. (1987). Physiological evidence for separate channels for the perception of form, color, movement, and depth. The Journal of Neuroscience, 7, 3416-3468.
38. Madden, D. J. (2001). Speed and timing of behavioral processes. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the Psychology of Aging (5th Ed., pp. 288-312). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
39. Madden, D. J., Pierce, T. W., & Allen, P. A. (1992). Adult age differences in attentional allocation during memory search. Psychology and Aging, 7, 594-601.
40. McClelland, J. L., & Rumelhart, D. E. (1981). An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: Part I. An account of basic findings. Psychological Review, 88, 375-407.
41. Peterzell, D. H., & Teller, D. Y. (2000). Spatial frequency tuned covariance channels for red-green and luminance-modulated gratings: Psychophysical data from human adults. Vision Research, 40, 417-430.
42. Raab, D. (1962). Statistical facilitation of simple reaction times. Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, 24, 574-590.
43. Sagi, D. (1990). Detection of an orientation singularity in Gabor textures: Effect of signal density and spatial-frequency. Vision Research, 30, 1377-1388.
44. Salthouse, T. A. (1996). The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition. Psychological Review, 103, 403-428.
45. Schneider, W. (1988). Micro-Experimental Laboratory: An integrated system for IBM PC compatibles. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers, 20, 206-217.
46. Spear, P. D. (1993). Neural bases of visual deficits during aging. Vision Research, 33, 2589-2609.
47. Spieler, D. H., & Balota, D. A. (1997). Bringing computational models of word naming down to the item level. Psychological Science, 8, 411-416.
48. Spieler, D. H., & Balota, D. A. (2000). Factors influencing word naming in younger and older adults. Psychology and Aging, 15, 225-231.
49. Sternberg, S. (1967). Two operations in character recognition: Some evidence for reaction-time experiments. Perception & Psychophysics, 2, 45-53.
50. Stine-Morrow, E. A. L., Loveless, M. K., & Soederberg, L. M. (1996). Resource allocation in on-line reading by younger and older adults. Psychology and Aging, 11, 475-486.
51. Sutter, A., Sperling, G., & Chubb, C. (1995). Measuring the spatial frequency selectivity of second-order texture mechanisms. Vision Research, 35, 915-924.
52. Tainturier, M.-J., Trembley, M., & Lecours, A. R. (1989). Aging and the word frequency effect. Neuropsychologia, 27, 1197-1203.
53. Tainturier, M.-J., Trembley, M., & Lecours, A. R. (1992). Educational level and the word frequency effect: A lexical decision investigation. Brain and Language, 43, 460-474.
54. Van Essen, D., & Anderson, C. (1995). Information processing strategies and pathways in the primate visual system. In S. Zornetzer, J. Davis, C. Lau, & T. McKenna (Eds.), An Introduction to Neural and Electronic Networks (pp. 45-76). New York: Academic Press.
55. Van Essen, D., Anderson, C., & Felleman, D. (1992). Information processing in the primate visual system: An integrated system perspective. Science, 255, 419-423.
56. Watt, R. (1991). Understanding Vision. London: Academic Press.
57. Wechsler, D. (1981). The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
58. Welford, A. T. (1958). Ageing and Human Skill. New York: Oxford University Press.
59. Wickens, C. D., & Hollands, J. G. (2000). Engineering Psychology and Human Performance. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.