Is early age-related maculopathy related to cognitive function? The atherosclerosis risk in communities study

American Journal of Ophthalmology

Volumn 134, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 828-835

  Wong, Tien Yin ^a,b   Klein, Ronald ^b   Nieto, F Javier ^c   Moraes, Suzana A D ^c   Mosley, Thomas H ^d   Couper, David J ^e   Klein, Barbara E K ^b   Boland, Lori L ^f   Hubbard, Larry D ^b   Sharrett, A Richey ^g  

^a NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE   (Singapore)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^e IL   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^g NATIONAL HEART LUNG AND BLOOD INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; AGING; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; CIGARETTE SMOKING; COGNITION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEGENERATIVE DISEASE; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUSEN; EDUCATION; FEMALE; GENDER; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PATHOGENESIS; PHOTOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RACE; RETINA; RETINA MACULA AGE RELATED DEGENERATION; RISK FACTOR; SPEECH ARTICULATION; STROKE;

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS; COGNITION DISORDERS; COMORBIDITY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MACULAR DEGENERATION; MALE; MARYLAND; MENTAL RECALL; MIDDLE AGED; MINNESOTA; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; ODDS RATIO; RISK FACTORS; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES;

EID: 0036894443     PISSN: 00029394     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9394(02)01672-0     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Tielsch J.M., Sommer A., Witt K., Katz J., Royall R.M. Blindness and visual impairment in an American urban population. The Baltimore Eye Survey. Arch Ophthalmol. 108:1990;286-290.
2. Klein R., Wang Q., Klein B.E., Moss S.E., Meuer S.M. The relationship of age-related maculopathy, cataract, and glaucoma to visual acuity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 36:1995;182-191.
3. Curcio C.A., Millican C.L., Allen K.A., Kalina R.E. Aging of the human photoreceptor mosaic evidence for selective vulnerability of rods in central retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 34:1993;3278-3296.
4. Adler R., Curcio C., Hicks D., Price D., Wong F. Cell death in age-related macular degeneration. Mol Vis. 5:1999;31.
5. Curcio C.A., Owsley C., Jackson G.R. Spare the rods, save the cones in aging and age-related maculopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 41:2000;2015-2018.
6. Graham J.E., Rockwood K., Beattie B.L., Eastwood R., Gauthier S., Tuokko H., McDowell I. Prevalence and severity of cognitive impairment with and without dementia in an elderly population. Lancet. 349:(9068):1997;1793-1796.
7. Skoog I., Nilsson L., Palmertz B., Andreasson L.A., Svanborg A. A population-based study of dementia in 85-year olds. N Engl J Med. 328:1993;153-158.
8. Green W.R., Enger C. Age-related macular degeneration histopathologic studies. The 1992 Lorenz E. Zimmerman Lecture. Ophthalmology. 100:1993;1519-1535.
9. Sarks S.H., Arnold J.J., Killingsworth M.C., Sarks J.P. Early drusen formation in the normal and aging eye and their relation to age related maculopathy a clinicopathological study. Br J Ophthalmol. 83:1999;358-368.
10. Sarks S.H. Ageing and degeneration in the macular region a clinico-pathological study. Br J Ophthalmol. 60:1976;324-341.
11. Mrak R.E., Griffin S.T., Graham D.I. Aging-associated changes in human brain. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 56:1997;1269-1275.
12. Vingerling J.R., Klaver C.C., Hofman A., de Jong P.T. Epidemiology of age-related maculopathy. Epidemiol Rev. 17:1995;347-360.
13. Klein R., Klein B.E., Linton K.L., DeMets D.L. The Beaver Dam Eye Study the relation of age-related maculopathy to smoking. Am J Epidemiol. 137:1993;190-200.
14. Klein R., Klein B.E.K., Franke T. The relationship of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors to age-related maculopathy. The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 100:1993;406-414.
15. Klein R., Klein B.E.K., Jensen S.C. The relation of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors to the 5-year incidence of age-related maculopathy. The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 104:1997;1804-1812.
16. Skoog I., Lernfelt B., Landahl S., Palmertz B., Andreasson L.A., Nilsson L., Persson G., Oden A., Svanborg A. 15-year longitudinal study of blood pressure and dementia. Lancet. 347:(9009):1996;1141-1145.
17. Ott A., Slooter A.J., Hofman A., van Harskamp F., Witteman J.C., Van Broeckhoven C., van Duijn C.M., Breteler M.M. Smoking and risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in a population-based cohort study the Rotterdam Study. Lancet. 351:(9119):1998;1840-1843.
18. Gorin M.B., Breitner J.C., De Jong P.T., et al. The genetics of age-related macular degeneration. Mol Vis. 5:1999;29.
19. Klaver C.C., Kliffen M., van Duijn C.M., et al. Genetic association of apolipoprotein E with age-related macular degeneration. Am J Hum Genet. 63:1998;200-206.
20. Souied E.H., Benlian P., Amouyel P., Feingold J., Lagarde J.P., Munnich A., Kaplan J., Coscas G., Soubrane G. The epsilon 4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene as a potential protective factor for exudative age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol. 125:1998;353-359.
21. Klaver C.C., Ott A., Hofman A., Assink J.J., Breteler M.M., de Jong P.T. Is age-related maculopathy associated with Alzheimer's Disease? The Rotterdam Study. Am J Epidemiol. 150:1999;963-968.
22. Klein R., Clegg L., Cooper L.S., et al. Prevalence of age-related maculopathy in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Arch Ophthalmol. 117:1999;1203-1210.
23. Cerhan J.R., Folsom A.R., Mortimer J.A., et al. Correlates of cognitive function in middle-aged adults. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study Investigators. Gerontology. 44:1998;95-105.
24. Knopman D., Boland L.L., Mosley T., et al. Cardiovascular risk factors and cognitive decline in middle-aged adults. Neurology. 56:2001;42-48.
25. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study design and objectives. Am J Epidemiol. 129:1989;687-702.
26. Jackson R., Chambless L.E., Yang K., et al. Differences between respondents and nonrespondents in a multi-center community-based study vary by gender and ethnicity. J Clin Epidemiol. 49:1996;1441-1446.
27. Hubbard L.D., Brothers R.J., King W.N., et al. Methods for evaluation of retinal microvascular abnormalities associated with hypertension/sclerosis in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Ophthalmology. 106:1999;2269-2280.
28. Knopman D.S., Ryberg S. A verbal memory test with high predictive accuracy for dementia of the Alzheimer type. Arch Neurol. 46:1989;141-145.
29. Wechsler D. WAIS-R manual. 1981;The Psychologic Corporation, Cleveland, OH.
30. Lezak M.D. Neuropsychological assessment. 2nd ed. 1983;Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
31. Benton A.L., Hamsher K. Multilingual aphasia examination. 2nd ed. 1989;AJA Associates, Iowa City, IA.
32. Wechsler D. The measurement and appraisal of adult intelligence. 1958;Williams & Williams, Baltimore, MD.
33. Tranel D. Neuropsychological assessment. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 15:1992;283-299.
34. Franzen M.D. Multilingual aphasia examination. Keyser D.J., Sweetland R.C. Test critiques. Volume 5. 1986;278-282 Test Corporation of America, Kansas City, KS.
35. Klein R., Davis M.D., Magli Y.L., Segal P., Klein B.E., Hubbard L. The Wisconsin age-related maculopathy grading system. Ophthalmology. 98:1991;1128-1134.
36. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Operations manual no. 2, cohort component procedures, Version 2.0. 1988;ARIC Coordinating Center, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
37. Tabachnick B., Fidell L.S. Using multivariate statistics. 2nd ed. 1989;316-370 Harper Collins, New York, NY.
38. Morris M.C., Evans D.A., Hebert L.E., Bienias J.L. Methodological issues in the study of cognitive decline. Am J Epidemiol. 149:1999;789-793.
39. Hinton D.R., Sadun A.A., Blanks J.C., Miller C.A. Optic-nerve degeneration in Alzheimer's disease. N Engl J Med. 315:1986;485-487.
40. Blanks J.C., Torigoe Y., Hinton D.R., Blanks R.H. Retinal pathology in Alzheimer's disease. I. Ganglion cell loss in foveal/parafoveal retina. Neurobiol Aging. 17:1996;377-384.
41. Blanks J.C., Schmidt S.Y., Torigoe Y., Porrello K.V., Hinton D.R., Blanks R.H. Retinal pathology in Alzheimer's disease. II. Regional neuron loss and glial changes in GCL. Neurobiol Aging. 17:1996;385-395.
42. Evans D.A., Beckett L.A., Field T.S., et al. Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 and incidence of Alzheimer disease in a community population of older persons. JAMA. 277:1997;822-824.
43. Klein R., Meuer S.M., Moss S.E., Klein B.E.K. Detection of drusen and early signs of age-related maculopathy using a nonmydriatic camera and a standard fundus camera. Ophthalmology. 99:1992;1686-1692.