Dental fluorosis: Epidemiological fiction?;Fluorose dental: Ficção epidemiológica?

Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica/Pan American Journal of Public Health

Volumn 12, Issue 5, 2002, Pages 339-346

  Moysés, Samuel Jorge ^a   Moysés, Simone Tetu ^a   Allegretti, Ana Cristina Vidal ^b   Argenta, Melissa ^a   Werneck, Renata ^a  

^a PONTIFICAL CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF PARANÁ   (Brazil)

^b HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO CAJURU   (Brazil)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DRINKING WATER; FLUORIDE;

FLUORIDE;

ARTICLE; BRAZIL; CHILD HEALTH; CITY; COCHRANE LIBRARY; DATA BASE; FLUOROSIS; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MEDLINE; MULTIVARIATE LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; PATIENT SATISFACTION; SCHOOL CHILD; TOOTH COLOR;

EID: 0036850627     PISSN: 10204989     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/S1020-49892002001100008     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Glass RL. First International Conference on the Declining Prevalence of Dental Caries [special issue]. J Dental Res 1982;61:1304.
2. Graves R, Stamm J. Decline of dental caries - What occurred and will it continue? Can Dent Assoc J 1985;51(9):693-699.
3. Bratthall D, Petersson GH, Sundberg H. Reasons for the caries decline: What do the experts believe? Eur J Oral Sci 1996;104(4(Pt 2)): 416-422.
4. Petersson GH, Bratthall D. The caries decline: A review of reviews. Eur J Oral Sci 1996;104 (4(Pt 2)):436-443.
5. MMWR. Achievements in public health, 1900-1999: Fluoridation of drinking water to prevent dental caries. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1999;48(41):933-940.
6. Fomon SJ, Ekstrand J, Ziegler EE. Fluoride intake and prevalence of dental fluorosis: Trends in fluoride intake with special attention to infants. J Public Health Dent 2000;60(3):131-139.
7. Locker D. Benefits and Risks of Water Fluoridation: An Update of the 1996 Federal-Provincial Sub-committee Report. Toronto: Public Health Branch, Ontario Ministry of Health and University of Toronto; 1999.
8. Sampaio FC, von der Fehr FR, Arneberg P. Dental fluorosis and nutritional status of 6- to 11-year-old children living in rural areas of Paraíba, Brazil. Caries Res 1999(33):66-73.
9. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Union of EPA professionals opposes fluoridation. Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients 2001;May:25.
10. The American Dietetic Association. Position of The American Dietetic Association: The impact of fluoride on health. J Am Diet Assoc 2001;101(10):126-132.
11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Recommendations for using fluoride to prevent and control dental caries in the United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2001;50(RR-14):59.
12. Pitts NB. Diagnostic tools and measurements - Impact on appropriate care. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1997;25(1):24-35.
13. Kingman A, Selwitz RH. Proposed methods for improving the efficiency of the DMFS index in assessing initiation and progression of dental caries. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1997;25(1):60-68.
14. Dodds MWJ. Dilemmas in caries diagnosis applications to current practice and need for research. J Dent Educ 1993;57(6):433-438.
15. Pereira AC, Moreira BH. Analysis of three dental fluorosis indexes used in epidemiologic trials. Braz Dent J 1999;10(1):29-37.
16. Kumar JV, Swango PA, Opima PN, Green EL. Dean's fluorosis index: An assessment of examiner reliability. J Public Health Dent 2000; 60(1):57-59.
17. Bardsen A. "Risk periods" associated with the development of dental fluorosis in maxillary permanent central incisors: A meta-analysis. Acta Odontol Scand 1999;57(5):247-256.
18. Mascarenhas AK. Risk factors for dental fluorosis: A review of the recent literature. Pediatr Dent 2000;22(4):269-277.
19. Rozier RG. The prevalence and severity of enamel fluorosis in North American children. J Public Health Dent 1999;59(4):239-246.
20. McDonagh MS, Whiting PF, Wilson PM, Sutton AJ, Chestnutt I, Cooper J, et al. Systematic review of water fluoridation. Br Med J 2000; 321(7265):855-859.
21. Pendrys DG. Risk of enamel fluorosis in nonfluoridated and optimally fluoridated populations: Considerations for the dental professional. J Am Dent Assoc 2000;131(6):746-755.
22. Tabari ED, Ellwood R, Rugg-Gunn AJ, Evans DJ, Davies RM. Dental fluorosis in permanent incisor teeth in relation to water fluoridation, social deprivation and toothpaste use in infancy. Br Dent J 2000;189(4):216-220.
23. Kumar JV, Swango PA. Fluoride exposure and dental fluorosis in Newburgh and Kingston, New York: Policy implications. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1999;27(3):171-180.
24. Pereira AC, Cunha FLD, Meneghim MC, Werner CW. Dental caries and fluorosis prevalence study in a nonfluoridated Brazilian community: Trend analysis and toothpaste association. ASDC J Dent Child 2000;67(2):132135, 183.
25. Newbrun E. The case for reducing the current Council on Dental Therapeutics fluoride supplementation schedule. J Public Health Dent 1999;59(4):263-268.
26. Burt BA. The case for eliminating the use of dietary fluoride supplements for young children. J Public Health Dent 1999;59(4): 269-274.
27. Moss SJ. The case for retaining the current supplementation schedule. J Public Health Dent 1999;59(4):259-262.
28. Willershausen B, Kroes H, Brandenbusch M. Evaluation of the contents of mineral water, spring water, table water and spa water. Eur J Med Res 2000;5(6):251-262.
29. Brandão IMG, Junior AV. Análise da concentração de flúor em águas minerais na região de Araraquara, Brasil. Rev Panam Salud Publica/Pan Am J Public Health 1998;4(4): 238-242.
30. Fujimaki M, Tabchoury CPM, Cury JA. Avaliação da concentração de flúor em chás e risco de fluorose dental. Anais SBPqO 1999;16(27): A87.
31. Heilman JR, Kiritsy MC, Levy SM, Wefel JS. Assessing fluoride levels of carbonated soft drinks. J Am Dent Assoc 1999;130(11):1593-1599.
32. Bentley EM, Ellwood RP, Davies RM. Fluoride ingestion from toothpaste by young children. Br Dental J 1999;186(9):460-462.
33. Villena RS. An investigation of the transverse technique of dentifrice application to reduce the amount of fluoride dentifrice for young children. Pediatr Dent 2000;22(4):312-317.
34. Lima YBO, Cury JA. Fluoride intake by children from water and dentifrice. Rev Saude Publica 2001;35(6):576-81.
35. Lwanga SK, Lemeshow S. Sample Size Determination in Health Studies: A Practical Manual. 1st Ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1991.
36. Bryman A, Cramer D. Quantitative Data analysis with SPSS for Windows; A Guide for Social Scientists. 1st Ed. London, New York: Routledge, 1997.
37. Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Using Multivariate Statistics. 3rd Ed. California State University, Northridge: HarperCollins College Publishers, 1996.
38. Brown LJ, Kingman A, Brunelle JA, Selwitz RH. Most U.S. schoolchildren are caries-free in their permanent teeth: This is no myth. Public Health Reports 1995;110(Sep/Oct):531-533.
39. Ellwood RP, O'Mullane DM. The association between area deprivation and dental caries in groups with and without fluoride in their drinking water. Community Dent Health 1995;12(1):18-22.
40. Provart SJ, Carmichael CL. The relationship between caries, fluoridation and material deprivation in five-year-old children in County Durham. Community Dent Health 1995;12(4): 200-203.
41. Jones CM, Taylor GO, Whittle JG, Evans D, Trotter DP. Water fluoridation, tooth decay in 5 year olds, and social deprivation measured by the Jarman score: Analysis of data from British dental surveys. Br Med J 1997;315 (7107):514-517.
42. Riley JC, Lennon MA, Ellwood RP. The effect of water fluoridation and social inequalities on dental caries in 5-year-old children. Int J Epidemiol 1999;28(2):300-305.
43. Cury JA, Uso do flúor e controle da cárie como doença. Em: Baratieri LN, ed. Odontologia restauradora: Fundamentos e possibilidades. 1st ed. São Paulo: Santos; 2001. Pp. 33-68.
44. Elliott P, Cuzick J, English D, Stern R. Geographical and Environmental Epidemiology; Methods for Small-Area Studies. 1st Ed. Oxford, New York, Tokyo: Oxford University Press; 1996.
45. Thomas RW, ed. Spatial Epidemiology. 1st Ed. London: Pion Limited; 1990.
46. Aldrich TE, Griffith J, Cooke C, ed. Environmental epidemiology and risk assessment. 1st ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold; 1993.
47. Taylor PJ, Carmichael CL. Dental health and the application of geographical methodology. Community Dentistry Oral Epidemiol 1980; 8(3):117-122.
48. Humphreys K, Carr-Hill R. Area variations in health outcomes: Artefact or ecology. Int J Epidemiol 1991;20(1):251-258.
49. Yen IH, Syme SL. The social environment and health: A discussion of the epidemiologic literature. Ann Rev Public Health 1999;20:287-308.
50. Blalock HM. Contextual-effects models: Theoretical and methodological issues. Ann Rev Sociol 1984;10:353-372.
51. Wong GY, Mason WM. Contextually specific effects and other generalizations of the hierarchical linear model for comparative analysis. J Am Statistical Assoc 1991;86(414):487-503.
52. Macintyre S, Maciver S, Sooman A. Area, class and health: Should we be focusing on places or people? J Soc Policy 1993;22(2):213-234.
53. Duncan C, Jones K, Moon G. Do places matter? a multi-level analysis of regional variations in health-related behaviour in Britain. Soc Sci Med 1993;37(6):725-733.
54. Duncan C, Jones K. Individuals and their ecologies: Analysing the geography of chronic illness within a multilevel modelling framework. J Health Place 1995;1(1):27-40.
55. Malmstrom M, Sundquist J, Johansson S-E. Neighborhood environment and self-reported health status: A multilevel analysis. Am J Public Health 1999;89(8):1181-1186.
56. Duarte FF, Pisaneschi E, Cury JA. Concentration and stability of fluoride in the most consumed dentifrices in Brazil. J Dent Res 1998; 77(5):1157.
57. Stephen KW. Fluoride prospects for the new millennium - Community and individual patient aspects. Acta Odontol Scand 1999;57(6): 352-355.
58. Chedid SJ, Cury JA. Avaliação do uso de dentifrício fluoretado por crianças e a percepção dos pais com relação ao grau de fluorose dental. Anais da SBPqO 1999;16(29):A94.