Effects of hormonal contraception on plasma lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan

Volumn 12, Issue 10, 2002, Pages 593-598

  Syed, Sadiqa ^a   Qureshi, Masood A ^b  

^a Fatima Jinnah Dentral College   (Pakistan)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI   (Pakistan)

Author keywords

Atherogenic index (AI); Cardiovascular disease (CVD); High Density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL C); Injectable contraceptives (IC); Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL C); Oral contraceptives (OC); Triglycerides (TG); Very low Density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL C)

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL; CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT; ETHINYLESTRADIOL PLUS LEVONORGESTREL; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LEVONORGESTREL; LIPID; LIPOPROTEIN; LOFEMENAL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; NORETHISTERONE ENANTATE; ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL;

ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT; ADULT; AGE; ARTICLE; ATHEROGENESIS; BLOOD SAMPLING; CALCULATION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; COLORIMETRY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET RESTRICTION; DYSLIPIDEMIA; FEMALE; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION; HUMAN; IMPLANT; INJECTION; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; LIPID METABOLISM; LOWEST INCOME GROUP; PAKISTAN; PATIENT SELECTION; PROSPECTIVE STUDY;

EID: 0036819799     PISSN: 1022386X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. National Institute of Population Studies (NIPS), Annual Report 2001. Islamabad: NIPS 2001.
2. Oral contraceptives: an update. Population reports 2000; XXVIII (1), Series A, No 9: 1-39.
3. Cerel-Suhl SL, Yeager BF. Update oral contraceptives pills. Am Fam Physician 1999; 60: 2073-84.
4. Burkman RT, Collins JA, Shulman LP, Williams JK. Current perspectives on oral contraceptives use. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001; 185: 4-12.
5. O'Brien T, Nguyen TT. Lipids and lipoproteins in women. Mayo Clin Proc 1997; 72: 235-44.
6. Zatuchni GI. Female contraception. In: Becker KL, (edi.) Principles and practice of endocrinology and metabolism. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott 1995: 954-63.
7. Zatuchni GI. Known and potential complications of steroidal contraception. In: Becker KL, (edi). Principles and practice of endocrinology and metabolism. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott 1995; 963-68.
8. Mishell DR. Contraception. In: Degroot LJ, (edi).Endocrinology. Vol 3. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders 2140-70.
9. Petiti DB, Sidney S, Quesenberry CP, Bernstein A. Incidence of stroke and myocardial infarction in women of reproductive age. Stroke 1997; 28: 280-3.
10. The Merk's manual of diagnosis and therapy. Gynecology and Obstetrics: Section 18 Family planning. Rahway: Merck Sharp Dohme Research Laboratories 2001.
11. UNDP-UNPF/WHO/World Bank. Comparative studies of the effects of two once-a-month injectable steroidal contraceptives (Mesigyna and Cyclofem) on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Special program of researches training in human reproduction. Contraception 1997; 56: 193-207.
12. WHO. Ischemic stroke and combined oral contraceptives; results of an international, multicenter, case-control study. WHO collaborative study of cardiovascular diseases and steroid hormone contraception. Lancet 1996; 348: 498-505.
13. WHO. Cardiovascular disease and steroid hormone contraception; report of a WHO scientific group. WHO 1998; 877: 1-89.
14. Sidney S, Petitti DB, Quesenberry CP, Kaltsky AL, Ziel HK, Wolf S. Myocardial infarction in users of low-dose oral contraceptives. Obstet Gynecol 1996; 88: 939-44.
15. Burton BT, Foster WR, Hirsch J, Van Itallie B. Report of conference. Int J Obesity 1985; 9: 155.
16. Syed S, Qureshi MA. Fibrinogen titer and glycemic status in women using contraceptives. J Coll Physicians Surg Pakistan 2002; 12: 16-22.
17. Richmond W. Preparation and properties of a cholesterol oxidase from nocardia and its application to the enzymetic assay of total cholesterol in serum. Clinical Chem 1973: 90; 1350-6.
18. Friedwald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipopstein cholesterol in plasma without use of the pre-operative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972; 18: 499-502.
19. Expert panel on detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults. National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel (NCEP). Summary of the research report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood cholestrol in adults (adults treatment panel II). JAMA 1993; 269: 3013-23.
20. Bhatena RK. The long acting progestogen-only contraceptive injection: an update. Br J Obstet Gynecol 2001; 108: 3-8.
21. Hammond GL, Rabe T, Wagner JD. Preclinical profiles of progestins used in formulations of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001; 185: 524-31.
22. Wagner JD. Rationale for hormone replacement therapy in atherosclerosis prevention. J Reprod Med 2000; 45: 245-58.
23. Moller SE, Moller BM, Olsen M, Fjalland B. Effects of oral contraceptives on plasma neutral amino acids and cholesterol during a menstrual cycle. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1996; 50: 179-4.
24. Majid A. Serum lipid levels in postmenopausal women. Pak Armed Forces Med J 1995; 45: 6-10.
25. Faruqui A. Gender bias and heart diseases in women (editorial). Pak Heart J 1994; 27: 1-2.
26. Bierman EL. Atherosclerosis and other forms of arteriosclerosis. In: Iselbacher KJ, Braundwald E, Wilson JD, Fauci AS, Casper DL, (edi). Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 13 ed. New York: Mc Graw Hill 1998: 1106-16.
27. Lox CD. Biochemical effects in women following one year exposure to a new triphasic contraceptive. Chemistry profiles. Gen Pharmacol 1996; 27: 367-70.
28. Porkka KV, Raitakari OT, Leino A, Laitinen S, Rasanen L, Ronnemea T, et al. Trends in serum lipid level during 1980-1982 in children and young adults. The cardiovascular risk in young Finnish study. Am J Epidemiol 1997; 146: 64-77.
29. Schwingle PJ, Ory HW, Visness CM. Estimation of the risk of cardiovascular death attributable to low dose oral contraceptives in United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999; 180 : 241-9.
30. Darney DT. The androgenecity of progestins. Am J Med 1995; 98(supp IA) :1A-104S.
31. WHO. Hemorrhagic stroke, overall stroke risk and combined oral contraceptives; result of an international, multicenter, case-control study. WHO collaborative study and cardiovascular disease and steroid hormone contraception. Lancet 1996; 348 : 505-10.
32. Brill K, Then A, Beisiegel U, Jene A, Wunsch C, Leidenberger F. Investigations of the influence of two low dose monophasic oral contraceptives containing 20μg ethinyl estradiol/ 75μg gestodene and 30μg ethinyl estradiol/75μg gestodene on lipid metabolism in an open randomized trial. Contraception 1996; 54: 291-97.
33. Benangiano G, Primiero FM, Bastianelli C, Bianchi P. Comparative clinical evaluation of the effect on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of two norethisterone containing hormonal contraceptives; Mesigyna and Trinovum. Contraception 1997; 55; 295-300.
34. Mishell Jr. DR. Long-acting contraceptive steroids. Post coital contraception and antiprogestins. In: Mishell DR, Davajan V, Lobo RA, (edi). Infertility, contraception and reproductive endocrinology. Cambridge: Blackwell Scientific Publications 1991.
35. Enk L, Landgren BM, Lindberg UB, Silverstolpe G, Crona N. A prospective one year study on the effects of two long-term injectable contraceptives (DMPA and Neten) on serum and lipoprotein lipids. Horm Metabol Res 1992; 24: 85-89.
36. Cromie MA, Maile MH, Wajszczuk CP. Comparative effects of Lunelle monthly contraceptive injection (medroxyprogesterone acetate and estradiol cypionate injectable suspension) and ortho-novum 7/7/7 oral contraceptives (norethindrone/ethinyl estradiol triphasic) on lipid profile investigations from Lunelle Study Group. Contraception 2000; 61: 51-9.
37. WHO. Cardiovascular disease and use of oral and injectable progestogen-only contraceptives; results of an international, multi-center, case-control study. World Health Organization collaborative study of cardiovascular disease and steroid hormone contraception. Contraception 1998; 57: 315-24.