HIV-related neuropathology, 1985 to 1999: Rising prevalence of HIV encephalopathy in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Volumn 31, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 171-177

  Neuenburg, Jutta K ^a,b,f   Brodt, Hans R ^c   Herndier, Brian G ^d   Bickel, Markus ^c   Bacchetti, Peter ^a   Price, Richard W ^a   Grant, Robert M ^b   Schlote, Wolfgang ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL FRANKFURT   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^e Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute)   (Germany)

^f GLADSTONE INSTITUTE OF VIROLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

AIDS; Autopsy; HIV; HIV encephalopathy; Neuropathology

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; CD4 ANTIGEN; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; ZIDOVUDINE;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ASPERGILLOSIS; AUTOPSY; CRYPTOCOCCOSIS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION; FEMALE; HERPES SIMPLEX ENCEPHALITIS; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INCIDENCE; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; LYMPHOMA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; NEUROPATHOLOGY; OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY; SURVIVAL; TOXOPLASMOSIS;

EID: 0036800561     PISSN: 15254135     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200210010-00007     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Neuenburg JK, Brodt HR, Herndier BG, et al. Is there really a correlation between AIDS dementia and Kaposi's sarcoma? [letter; comment]. AIDS 2000;14:94-5.
2. Budka H, et al. Consensus report HIV-Associated Disease of the Nervous system: Review of Nomenclature and Proposal for Neuropathology-Based Terminology. Brain Pathol 1991;143-152.
3. Lang W, et al. Neuropathology of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS): a report of 135 consecutive autopsy cases from Switzerland. Acta Neuropathologica 1989;77:379-90.
4. Brodt HR, et al. Changing incidence of AIDS-defining illnesses in the era of antiretroviral combination therapy. AIDS 1997;11:1731-8.
5. Brew BJ, Dore G. Decreasing incidence of CNS AIDS defining events associated with antiretroviral therapy. Neurology 2000;55:1424.
6. Gray F, et al. Neuropathology and neurodegeneration in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Clin Neuropathol 2001;146-55.
7. Maehlen J, et al. Changing incidence of HIV-induced brain lesions in Oslo, 1983-1994: effects of zidovudine treatment. AIDS 1995;9:1165-9.
8. Sacktor N, et al. HIV-associated neurologic disease incidence changes: multicenter AIDS cohort study. 1990-1998. Neurology 2001;56:257-60.
9. Masliah E, DeTeresa RM, Mallory ME, et al. Changes in pathologic findings at autopsy in AIDS cases for the last 15 years. AIDS 2000;14:69-74.
10. Komanduri KV, et al. Restoration of cytomegalovirus-specific CD4+ T-lymphocyte responses after ganciclovir and highly active antiretroviral therapy in individuals infected with HIV-1. Nat Med 1998;4:953-6.
11. Autran B, et al. Restoration of the immune system with anti- retroviral therapy. Immunol Lett 1999;66:207-11.
12. Cauda R, et al. Role of protease inhibitors in preventing recurrent oral candidosis in patients with HIV infection: a prospective case-control study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1999;21:20-5.
13. Horowitz HW, Telzak EE, Sepkowitz KA, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus infection, part II. Disease-A-Month 1998;44:677-716.
14. Schliep TC, Yarrish RL. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Sem Respir Infect 1999;14:333-43.
15. Mussini C, et al. Discontinuation of primary prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmic encephalitis in human immunodeficiency virus type I-infected patients: the changes in opportunistic prophylaxis study. J Infect Dis 2000;181:1635-42.
16. Soriano V, Dona C, Rodriguez-Rosado R, et al. Discontinuation of secondary prophylaxis for opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2000;14:383-6.
17. Komanduri KV. et al. Loss of cytomegalovirus-specific CD4+ T cell responses in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients with high CD4+ T cell counts and recurrent retinitis. J Infect Dis 2001;183:1285-9.
18. Chougnet C, et al. Protease inhibitor and triple-drug therapy: cellular immune parameters are not restored in pediatric AIDS patients after 6 months of treatment. AIDS 1998;12:2397-406.
19. Kalams SA, et al. Levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte effector and memory responses decline after suppression of viremia with highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Virol 1999;73:6721-8.
20. Gardner MB, Dandekar S. Neurobiology of simian and feline immunodeficiency virus infections. Curr Topics Microbiol Immunol 1995;202:135-50.
21. Staprans S, et al. Time course of cerebrospinal fluid responses to antiretroviral therapy: evidence for variable compartmentalization of infection. AIDS 1999;13:1051-61.
22. Budka H. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced disease of the central nervous system: pathology and implications for pathogenesis. Acta Neuropathologica 1989;77:225-36.
23. Kato T, Hirano A, Llena JF, et al. Neuropathology of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 53 autopsy cases with particular emphasis on microglial nodules and multinucleated giant cells. Acta Neuropathologica 1987;73:287-94.
24. Sharer LR, Cho ES, Epstein LG. Multinucleated giant cells and HTLV-III in AIDS encephalopathy. Hum Pathol 1985;6:760.
25. Budka H. Multinucleated giant cells in brain: a hallmark of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Acta Neuropathologica 1986;69:253-8.
26. Navia BA, Cho ES, Petito CK, et al. The AIDS dementia complex: II. Neuropathology. Ann Neurol 1986;19:525-35.
27. Moskowitz LB, Hensley GT, Chan JC, et al. The neuropathology of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Arch Pathol Laboratory Med 1984;108:867-72.
28. Anders KH, Guerra WF, Tomiyasu U, et al. The neuropathology of AIDS. UCLA experience and review. Am J Pathol 1986;24:537-58.
29. Petito CK, Cho ES, Lemann W, et al. Neuropathology of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): an autopsy review. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1986;45:635-46.
30. Nielsen SL, Davis RL. Neuropathology of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In: Rosenblum, M.L. et al, eds. AIDS and the nervous system. New York: Raven Press; 1988:155-81.
31. Levy RM, Bredesen DE, Rosenblum ML, et al. Central nervous system disorders in AIDS. Immunol Ser 1989;44:371-401.
32. Neuen-Jacob E, et al. Neuropathologic studies in the brains of AIDS patients with opportunistic diseases. Int J Legal Med 1993;105:339-50.