Changing incidence of AIDS-defining illnesses in the era of antiretroviral combination therapy

AIDS

Volumn 11, Issue 14, 1997, Pages 1731-1738

  Brodt, H Reinhard ^b   Kamps, Bernd S ^c   Gute, Peter ^c   Knupp, Bernhard ^c   Staszewski, Shlomo ^c   Helm, Eilke B ^a  

^a GOETHE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^b Med Klinik III/Infektiologie   (Germany)

^c NONE

Author keywords

Antiviral therapy; Kaposi's sarcoma; Lymphoma; Natural history; Opportunistic infections

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; CD4 ANTIGEN; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; ZIDOVUDINE;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ARTICLE; CANCER; CAUSE OF DEATH; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; HOMOSEXUALITY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MYCOBACTERIOSIS; OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ADULT; AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; COHORT STUDIES; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; GERMANY; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES;

EID: 0030831665     PISSN: 02699370     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199714000-00010     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Crowe S, Carlin JB, Steward KI, Lucas CR, Hoy IF: Predictive value of CD4 lymphocyte numbers for the development of opportunistic infections and malignancies in HIV-infected persons. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1991, 4:770-776.
2. 6/l. AIDS 1995, 9:145-152
3. Katz MH, Hessol NA, Buchbinder SP, Hirozawa A, O'Malley P, Holmberg SD: Temporal trends of opportunistic infections and malignancies in homosexual men with AIDS. J Infect Dis 1994, 170:198-202.
4. Pluda JM, Yarchoan R, Broder S: The occurrence of opportunistic non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in the setting of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. Ann Oncol 1991, 2 (suppl 2):S191-S200.
5. Schwartländer B, Horsburgh Jr CR, Hamouda O, Skarabis H, Koch MA: Changes in the spectrum of AIDS-defining conditions and decrease in CD4+ lymphocyte counts at AIDS manifestation in Germany from 1986 to 1991. AIDS 1992, 6:413-420.
6. Graham NM, Zeger SL, Park LP, et al.: Effect of zidovudine and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis on progression of HIV-1 infection to AIDS. The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Lancet 1991, 338:265-269.
7. Hoover DR: The effects of long term zidovudine therapy and Pneumocystis carinii prophylaxis on HIV disease. A review of the literature. Drugs 1995, 49:20-36.
8. Jones JL, Hanson DL, Chu SY, et al.: Toxoplasmic encephalitis in HIV-infected persons: risk factors and trends. AIDS 1996, 10:1393-1399.
9. Nielsen TL, Jensen BN, Nelsing S, Mathiesen LR, Skinhoj P, Nielsen JO: Randomized study of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim versus aerosolized pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. Scand J Intect Dis 1995, 27:217-220.
10. Fischl MA, Richman DD, Grieco MH, et al.: The efficacy of azidothymidine (AZT) in the treatment of patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. N Engl J Med 1987, 317:185-191.
11. Moore RD, Keruly J, Richman DD, Creagh-Kirk T, Chaisson RE, The Zidovucline Epidemiology Study Group: Natural history of advanced HIV disease in patients treated with zidovudine. AIDS 1992, 6:671-677.
12. 3 . Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. J Infect Dis 1994, 170:1284-1287.
13. Chan ISF, Neaton JD, Saravolatz LD, Crane LR, Osterberger J, Commuinity Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS: Frequencies of opportunistic diseases prior to death among HIV-infected persons. AIDS 1995, 9:1145-1151.
14. Kaldor JM, Tindall B, Williamson P, Eltord J, Cooper DA: Factors associated with Kaposi's sarcoma in a cohort of homosexual and bisexual men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1993, 6:1145-1149.
15. Pluda JM, Yarchoan R, Jaffe ES, et al.: Development of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a cohort of patients with severe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on long-term antiretroviral therapy. Ann Intern Med 1990, 113:276-282.
16. Cooper D, CAESAR Coordinating Committee: The CAESAR trial: final results, Fourth Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Washington, DC, January 1997 [abstract 367].
17. Delta Coordinating Committee: Delta: a randomised double-blind controlled trial comparing combinations of zidovudine plus didanosine or zalcitabine with zidovudine alone in HIV-infected individuals. Lancet 1996, 348:283-291.
18. Hammer SM, Katzenstein DA, Hughes MD, et al.: A trial comparing nucleoside monotherapy with combination therapy in HIV-infected adults with CD4 cell counts from 200 to 500 per cubic millimeter. N Engl J Med 1996, 335:1081-1090.
19. Katzenstein DA, Hammer SM, Hughes MD, et al.: The relation of virologic and immunologic markers to clinical outcomes after nucleoside therapy in HIV-infected adults with 200 to 500 CD4 cells per cubic millimeter. N Engl J Med 1996, 335:1091-1098.
20. Phillips AN, Eron J, Bartlett J, et al.: Correspondence between the effect of zidovudine plus lamivudine on plasma HIV level/CD4 lymphocyte count and the incidence of clinical disease in infected individuals. AIDS 1997, 11:169-175.
21. Gullick R, Mellors J, Havlir D, et al.: Potent and sustained anti-retroviral activity of indinavir (IDV) in combination with zidovudine (ZDV) and lamivudine (3TC). Third Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Washington, DC, January 1996 [abstract LB-7].
22. Staszewski S, Hill AM, Bartlett J, et al.: Reductions in HIV-1 disease progression for zidovudine/lamivudine relative to control treatments: a meta-analysis of controlled trials. AIDS 1997, 11:477-483.
23. Centers for Disease Control: 1993 Revision of the CDC surveillance case definition for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. MMWR 1992, 41 (RR-17):1-19.
24. SAS Institute INC: JMP, Statistical Discovery Software: User's Guide, Version 3. 1. Cary: SAS Institute, Inc.; 1995 .
25. Centers for Disease Control: Opportunistic non-Hodgkin's lymphomas among severely immunocompromised HIV-infected patients surviving for prolonged periods on antiretroviral therapy - United States. MMWR 1991, 40:591-600.
26. Hoover DR, Saah AJ, Bacellar H, et al.: Clinical manifestations of AIDS in the era of pneumocystis prophylaxis. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. N Engl J Med 1993, 329:1922-1926.
27. Pedersen C, Barton SE, Chiesi A, et al.: HIV-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among European AIDS patients. AIDS in Europe Study Group. AIDS in Europe Study Group. Eur J Haematol 1995, 55:245-250.
28. Rabkin CS: Epidemiology of AIDS-related malignancies. Curr Opin Oncol 1994, 6:492-496.
29. Friedland GH, Saltzman B, Vileno J, Freeman K, Schrager LK, Klein RS: Survival differences in patients with AIDS. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1991, 4:144-153.
30. Kaplan LD, Abrams DI, Feigal E, et al.: AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in San Francisco. JAMA 1989, 261:719-724.
31. Rabkin CS, Hilgartner MW, Hedberg KW, et al.: Incidence of lymphomas and other cancers in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients with hemophilia. JAMA 1992, 267:1090-1094
32. Levine AM, Bernstein L, Sullivan-Halley J, Shibata D, Mahterian SB, Nathwani BN: Role of zidovudine antiretroviral therapy in the pathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related lymphoma. Blood 1995, 86:4612-4616.
33. Dore GJ, Li Y, Grulich AE, et al.: Declining incidence and later occurrence of Kaposi's sarcoma among persons with AIDS in Australia: the Australian AIDS cohort. AIDS 1996, 10:1401-1406.
34. Lefrere JJ, Meyohas MC, Mariotti M, Meynard JL, Thauvin M, Frottier J: Detection of human herpesvirus 8 DNA sequences before appearance of Kaposi's sarcoma in human immunudeficiency virus (HIV)-positive subjects with a known date of HIV seroconversion. J Infect Dis 1996, 174:283-287.
35. Armenian HK, Hoover DR, Rubb S. et al.: Composite risk score for Kaposi's sarcoma based on a case-control and longitudinal study in the Multicenter AIDS cohort study (MACS) population. Am J Epidemiol 1993, 138:256-265.
36. Jacobson LP, Munoz A, Fox R, et al.: Incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma in a cohort of homosexual men infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1. The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study Group. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1990, 3 i(suppl 1):S24-S31.
37. Lifson AR, Darrow WW, Hessol NA, et al.: Kaposi's sarcoma among homosexual and bisexual men enrolled in the San Francisco City Clinic Cohort Study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1990, 3 (suppl 1):S32-S37.
38. Lundgren JD, Melbye M, Pedersen C, Rosenberg PS, Gerstott J: Changing patterns of Kaposi's sarcoma in Danish acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with complete follow-up. The Danish Study Group for HIV Infection (DASHI). Am J Epidemiol 1995, 141:652-658.
39. Little S, Haubrich R, Hwang J, et al.: Protease inhibitors are associated with favorable response to topical treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma. Fourth Conferece on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Washington, DC, January 1997 [abstract 211].
40. Parente F, Ardizzone S, Cernuschi M, et al.: Prevention of symptomatic recurrences of esophageal candidiasis in AIDS patients after the first episode: a prospective open study. Am J Gastroenterol 1994, 89:416-420.
41. Markowitz N, Hansen NI, Hopewell PC, et al.: Incidence of tuberculosis in the United states among HIV-infected persons. Ann Intern Med 1997, 126:123-132.
42. Brodt HR, Enzensberger R, Kamps HS, Keul HG, Helm EB: Impact of disseminated Mycobacterium avium-complex infection on survival of HIV-infected patients. Eur J Med Res 1997, 2:106-110.
43. von Reyn CT, Arbeit RD, Tosteson ANA, et al.: The international epidemiology of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in AIDS. AIDS 1996, 10:1025-1032.
44. Nightingale SD, Byrd LI, Southern PM, Jockusch JD, Cal SX, Wynne BA: Incidence of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. J Intect Dis 1992, 165:1082 1085.