Optimizing the hydrolysis of codeine and morphine glucuronides in urine

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Volumn 24, Issue 5, 2002, Pages 652-657

  Hackett, L Peter ^a   Dusci, Leon J ^a   Ilett, Kenneth F ^a   Chiswell, Gregory M ^a  

^a Western Australian Centre for Pathology and Medical Research   (Australia)

Author keywords

glucuronidase; Acid; Codeine glucuronide; Hydrolysis; Morphine glucuronide; Urine

Indexed keywords

BETA GLUCURONIDASE; CODEINE; CODEINE 6 GLUCURONIDE; DIAMORPHINE; HYDROCHLORIC ACID; MORPHINE; MORPHINE 3 GLUCURONIDE; MORPHINE 6 GLUCURONIDE;

ACCURACY; ARTICLE; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); DRUG HYDROLYSIS; ESCHERICHIA COLI; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; HELIX POMATIA; HUMAN; MASS SPECTROMETRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY CONTROL; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; URINALYSIS;

CODEINE; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; GLUCURONIDES; HUMANS; HYDROLYSIS; MORPHINE;

EID: 0036786035     PISSN: 01634356     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00007691-200210000-00012     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Corcione S, Pichini S, Badia R, Segura J, de la Torre R. Quantitative aspects of drugs of abuse in urine samples: intercollaborative studies conducted in the European Union. Ther Drug Monit 1999; 21:653-60.
2. Yong LH, Lik NT. The human urinary excretion pattern of morphine and codeine following the consumption of morphine, opium, codeine and heroin. Bull Narc 1977;29:45-74.
3. Cone EJ, Welch P, Paul BD, Mitchell JM. Forensic drug testing for opiates, III. Urinary excretion rates of morphine and codeine following codeine administration. J Anal Toxicol 1991;15:161-6.
4. Posey BL, Kimble SN. High-performance liquid chromatographic study of codeine, norcodeine, and morphine as indicators of codeine ingestion. J Anal Toxicol 1984;8:68-74.
5. O'Neal CL, Poklis A. An evaluation of the role of ROC plots in the prediction of heroin use from total codeine and total morphine concentrations in urine. J Anal Toxicol 1998;22:487-92.
6. Delbeke FT, Debackere M. Urinary concentrations of codeine and morphine after the administration of different codeine preparations in relation to doping analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1991;9:959-64.
7. Lin Z, Lafolie P, Beck O. Evaluation of analytical procedures for urinary codeine and morphine measurements. J Anal Toxicol 1994; 18:129-33.
8. elSohly HN, Stanford DF, Jones AB, elSohly MA, Snyder H, Pedersen C. Gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis of morphine and codeine in human urine of poppy seed eaters. J Forensic Sci 1988;33:347-56.
9. Mathis DF, Budd RD. GLC/TLC analysis of codeine and morphine in urine via derivatization techniques. Clin Toxicol 1980;16:181-8.
10. Jain NC, Sneath TC, Budd RD, Leung WJ. Gas chromatographic/thin-layer chromatographic analysis of acetylated codeine and morphine in urine. Clin Chem 1975;21:1486-9.
11. Paul BD, Mell LDJ, Mitchell JM, Irving J, Novak AJ. Simultaneous identification and quantitation of codeine and morphine in urine by capillary gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. J Anal Toxicol 1985;9:222-6.
12. Broussard LA, Presley LC, Pittman T, Clouette R, Wimbish GH. Simultaneous identification and quantitation of codeine, morphine, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone in urine as trimethylsilyl and oxime derivatives by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Clin Chem 1997;43:1029-32.
13. Romberg RW, Lee L. Comparison of the hydrolysis rates of morphine-3-glucuronide and morphine-6-glucuronide with acid and beta-glucuronidase. J Anal Toxicol 1995;19:157-62.
14. Huang W, Andollo W, Hearn WL. A solid phase extraction technique for the isolation and identification of opiates in urine. J Anal Toxicol 1992;16:307-10.
15. Zezulak M, Snyder JJ, Needleman SB. Simultaneous analysis of codeine, morphine, and heroin after B-glucuronidase hydrolysis. J Forensic Sci 1993;38:1275-85.
16. Cremese M, Wu AH, Cassella G, O'Connor E, Rymut K, Hill DW. Improved GC/MS analysis of opiates with use of oxime-TMS derivatives. J Forensic Sci 1998;43:1220-4.
17. Low AS, Taylor RB. Analysis of common opiates and heroin metabolites in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 1995;663:225-33.
18. Bertholf RL, Sapp LM, Pittman DL. Failure of b-glucuronidases to hydrolyze exogenous morphine glucuronide. Clin Chem 1991;37: 759-60.
19. Combie J, Blake JW, Nugent TE, Tobin T. Morphine glucuronide hydrolysis: superiority of beta-glucuronidase from Patella vulgata. Clin Chem 1982;28:83-6.
20. Jennison TA, Wozniak E, Nelson G, Urry FM. The quantitative conversion of morphine 3-β-D-glucuronide to morphine using β-glucuronidase obtained from Patella vulgata as compared to acid hydrolysis. J Anal Toxicol 1993;17:208-10.