Pacing therapy in the elderly

American Journal of Geriatric Cardiology

Volumn 11, Issue 5, 2002, Pages 305-316

  Kusumoto, Fred M ^a   Phillips, Robert ^a   Goldschlager, Nora ^b  

^a LOVELACE MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b SAN FRANCISCO GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGED; AGING; ARTIFICIAL HEART PACEMAKER; ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK; ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION; BRADYCARDIA; ELDERLY CARE; HEART ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HEART MUSCLE FIBROSIS; HIS BUNDLE; HUMAN; IMPLANTATION; QUALITY OF LIFE; REVIEW; SINUS NODE DISEASE;

AGED; AGING; ARRHYTHMIA, SINUS; BRADYCARDIA; CARDIAC PACING, ARTIFICIAL; HEART BLOCK; HEART CONDUCTION SYSTEM; HUMANS;

EID: 0036740968     PISSN: 10767460     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1076-7460.2002.00052.x     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. Lamas GA, Prosser AP, Edery TP, et al. Age and sex bias in pacemaker selection (abstract). Circulation. 1992;86:I449.
2. Lamas GA, Lee K, Sweeney M, et al. The Mode Selection Trial (MOST) in sinus node dysfunction: design, rationale, and baseline characteristics of the first 1000 patients. Am Heart J. 2000;140:541-551.
3. Keith A, Flack M. The form and nature of the muscular connections between the primary divisions of the vertebrate heart. J Anat Physiol. 1907;41:172-189.
4. James TN. The sinus node. Am J Cardiol. 1977;40: 965-986.
5. Kusumoto FM. Cardiovascular Pathophysiology. Madison, CT: Fence Creek Publishing; 1999.
6. Schmidlin O, Bharati G, Lev M, et al. The effects of physiologic aging on cardiac electrophysiology in perfused Fischer 344 rat hearts. Am J Physiol. 1992; 262:H97-H105.
7. Hardouin S, Bourgeois F, Toraasson M, et al. Beta-adrenergic and muscarinic receptor mRNA accumulation in the sinoatrial node area of adult and senescent rat hearts. Mech Ageing Dev. 1998;100:277-297.
8. 1 receptor activation: direct effects on chronotropic and inotropic function in the Fischer 344 rat. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1996;51:B239-B246.
9. 1-adenosine receptor mediated bradycardia. Am J Physiol. 2000;278:H789-H795.
10. Shiraishi I, Takamatsu T, Minamikawa T, et al. Quantitative histological analysis of the human sinoatrial node during growth and aging. Circulation. 1992;85:2176-2184.
11. Davies MJ, Pomerance A. Quantitative study of ageing changes in the human sinoatrial node and internodal tracts. Br Heart J. 1972;34:150-152.
12. Craft N, Schwartz JB. Effects of age on intrinsic heart rate, heart rate variability, and AV conduction in healthy humans. Am J Physiol. 1995;268(4 pt 2):H 1441-1452.
13. Bjerregaard P. Mean 24 hour heart rate, minimal heart rate and pauses in healthy subjects 40-79 years of age. Eur Heart J. 1983;4:44-51.
14. Bachman S, Sparrow D, Smith KL. Effect of aging on the electrocardiogram. Am J Cardiol. 1981;48(3): 513-516.
15. Simonson E. The effect of age on the electrocardiogram. Am J Cardiol. 1972;29:64-73.
16. Bhat PK, Watanabe K, Rao DB, et al. Conduction defects in the aging heart. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1974; 22:517-520.
17. Rodriguez RD, Schocken DD. Update on sick sinus syndrome, a disorder of aging. Geriatrics. 1990;45:26-36.
18. Titus JL, EdwardsJE. Pathology of the aging heart. In: Chesler E, ed. Clinical Cardiology in the Elderly. 2nd ed. Armonk, NY: Futura Publishing Company, Inc.; 1999.
19. Kaplan BM, Langendorf R, Lev M, et al. Tachycardiabradycardia syndrome (so-called "sick sinus syndrome"): pathology, mechanism, and treatment. Am J Cardiol. 1973;31:497-508.
20. Bharati S, Lev M. The pathologic changes in the conduction system beyond the age of 90. Am Heart J. 1992;124:486-496.
21. Podrazik PM, Schwartz JB. Cardiovascular pharmacology of aging. Cardiol Clin. 1999;1:17-34.
22. Gottwald M, Gottwald E, Dhein S. Age-related electrophysiological and histological changes in rabbit hearts: age-related changes in electrophysiology. Int J Cardiol. 1997;62:97-106.
23. Maguire CT, Bevilacqua LM, Wakimoto H, et al. Maturational atrioventricular nodal physiology in the mouse. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2000;11:557-564.
24. Kusumoto FM, Lurie KG, Dutton J, et al. Effects of aging on AV nodal and ventricular β-adrenergic receptors in the Fischer 344 rat. Am J Physiol. 1994; 266:H1408-H1415.
25. Mymin D, Mathewson FAL, Tate RB, et al. The natural history of first-degree atrioventricular block. N Engl J Med. 1986;315:1183-1186.
26. Fleg JL, Das DN, Wright J, et al. Age-associated changes in the components of atrioventricular conduction in apparently healthy volunteers. J Gerontol. 1990;45:M95-M100.
27. Song Y, Yao Q, Zhu J, et al. Age-related variation in the interstitial tissues of the cardiac conduction system: autopsy study of 230 Han Chinese. Forensic Sci Int. 1999;104:133-142.
28. Spach MS, Dolber PC. Relating extracellular potentials and their derivatives to anisotropic propagation at the microscopic level in human cardiac muscle: evidence for uncoupling of side-to-side fiber connections with increasing age. Circ Res. 1986;58:356-371.
29. James TN. Normal and abnormal consequences of apoptosis in the human heart. From postnatal morphogenesis to paroxysmal arrhythmias. Circulation. 1994;90:556-573.
30. Lev M. The pathology of complete atrioventricular block. Prog Cardiovosc Dis. 1964;6:317.
31. Lenegre J. Etiology of bilateral bundle branch fibrosis in relation to complete heart block. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1964;6:317.
32. Kusumoto FM, Goldsclager N, Cardiac Pacing, New Engl J Med. 1996;334(2):89-98.
33. Gregoratos G, Cheitlin MD, Conill A, et al. ACC/AHA Guidelines for implantation of cardiac pacemakers and antiarrhythmia devices: executive summary. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practical guidelines. Circulation. 1998;97:1325-1335.
34. Rosenqvist M, Obel IW. Atrial pacing and the risk for AV block: is there a time for a change in attitude? Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1989;12:97-101.
35. LeClerq C, Gras D, Le HA, et al. Hemodynamic importance of preserving the normal sequence of ventricular activation in permanent cardiac pacing. Am Heart J. 1995;129:1133-1141.
36. Lamas GA, Orav EJ, Stambler BS, et al. Quality of life and clinical outcomes in elderly patients treated with ventricular pacing as compared with dual-chamber pacing. Pacemaker Selection in the Elderly Investigators [see comments]. N Engl J Med. 1998;338(16):1097-1104.
37. Andersen HR, Nielsen JC, Thomsen PE, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients from a randomised trial of atrial versus ventricular pacing for sick-sinus syndrome. Lancet. 1997;350:1210-1216.
38. Connolly SJ, Kerr CR, Gent M, et al. Effects of physiologic pacing versus ventricular pacing on the risk of stroke and death due to cardiovascular causes. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:1385-1392.
39. Lamas GA, et al. MOST Trial data. Presented at the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology Meeting. Boston, MA. May 5, 2001.
40. Buchfuhrer MJ, Hansen JE, Robinson TE, et al. Optimizing the exercise protocol for cardiopulmonary assessment. J Appl Physiol. 1983;55:1519-1564.
41. Denes P. Atrioventricular and intraventricular block. Circulation. 1987;75(suppl 3)(4 pt 2):III19-III25.
42. Barold S. Acquired atrioventricular block. In: Kusumoto FM, Goldsclager N, eds. Cardiac Pacing for the Clinician. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2000.
43. Travill CM, Sutton R. Pacemaker syndrome: an iatrogenic condition. Br Heart J. 1992;68(2):163-166.
44. Mitrani RD, Simmons JD, Interian A Jr, et al. Cardiac pacemakers: current and future status. Curr Probl Cardiol. 1999;24(6):341-420.
45. Ovsyshcher IE, Hayes DL, Furman S. Dual-chamber pacing is superior to ventricular pacing: fact or controversy? Circulation. 1998;97(23):2368-2370.
46. McComb JM, Gribbin GM. Effect of pacing mode on morbidity and mortality: update of clinical pacing trials. Am J Cardiol. 1999;83(5B):211D-213D.
47. Morsi A, Lau C, Nishimura S, et al. The development of sinoatrial dysfunction in pacemaker patients with isolated atrioventricular block. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1998;21(7):1430-1434.
48. Wiegand UK, Bode F, Schneider R, et al. Development of sinus node disease in patients with AV block: implications for single lead VDD pacing. Heart. 1999;81: 580-585.
49. Clarke M, Sutton R, Ward D, et al. Recommendations for pacemaker prescription for symptomatic brady-cardia. Report of a working party of the British Pacing and Electrophysiology Group. Br Heart J, 1991;66:185-191.
50. Barold SS, Falkoff MD, Ong LS, et al. Atrioventricular block: new insights. In: Barold SS, Mugica J, eds. New Perspectives in Cardiac Pacing 2. Armonk, NY: Futura Publishing Company; 1991:23-52.
51. Scheinman MM, Peters RW, Suve MJ, et al. Value of the H-Q interval in patients with bundle branch block and the role of prophylactic permanent pacing. Am J Cardiol. 1982;50:1316-1321.
52. Huang SK, Ezri MD, Hauser RG, et al. Carotid sinus hypersensitivity in patients with unexplained syncope: clinical, electrophysiologic, and long-term follow-up observations. Am Heart J. 1988;116:989-996.
53. Kenny RA, Bexton RS, Steen NI, et al. Cardiac pacing reduces falls in carotid sinus hypersensitivity: the SAFE-PACE trial (abstract). J Am Coll Card. 2000;35:142A.
54. LeClerq C, Cazeau S, LeBreton H, et al. Acute hemodynamic effects of biventriucular DDD pacing in patients with end-stage heart failure. J Am Coll Card. 1998;32:1825-1831.
55. Auricchio A, Stellbrink C, Sack S, et al. The pacing therapies for congestive heart failure (PATH-CHF) study: rationale, design, and endpoints of a prospective randomized multicenter study. Am J Cardiol. 1999;83: 130D-135D.
56. Saxon LA, Boehmer JP, Hummel J, et al. Biventricular pacing in patients with congestive heart failure: two prospective randomized trials. Am J Cardio. 1999; 83:120D-123D.
57. Kannel W, Abbott R, Savage D, et al. Epidemiologic features of chronic atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 1982;306:1018-1022.
58. Fitzpatrick AP, Kourouyan HD, Siu A, et al. Quality of life scores and outcomes after radiofrequency His bundle catheter ablation and permanent pacemaker implantation. Am Heart J. 1996;131:499-507.
59. Wood MA, Brown-Mahoney C, Kay N, et al. Clinical outcomes after ablation and pacing therapy for atrial fibrillation. A meta-analysis. Circulation. 2000;101: 1138-1144.
60. Delfaut P, Saksena S, Prakash A, et al. Long-term outcome of patients with drug-refractory atrial flutter and fibrillation after single- and dual-site atrial pacing for arrhythmia prevention. J Am Coll Card. 1998;32:1900-1908.
61. Anselme F, Saoudi N, Cribier A. Pacing in prevention of atrial fibrillation: the PIPAF studies. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2000;4:177-184.
62. Fitts SM, Hill MRS, Mehra R, et al. Design and implementation of dual site atrial pacing to prevent atrial fibrillation (DAPPAF) clinical trial. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 1998;2:139-344.