메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 29, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 575-588

Contraceptive needs of the perimenopausal woman

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DROSPIRENONE; ESTROGEN; ETHINYLESTRADIOL; ETONOGESTREL; GESTAGEN; HORMONE; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; NORGESTIMATE; ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT; PROGESTERONE;

EID: 0036739899     PISSN: 08898545     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0889-8545(02)00017-7     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (9)

References (90)
  • 2
    • 0034821637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing fertility in women of advanced reproductive age
    • Klein J, Sauer M. Assessing fertility in women of advanced reproductive age. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001;185:758-70.
    • (2001) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.185 , pp. 758-770
    • Klein, J.1    Sauer, M.2
  • 3
    • 0035140143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of male age on semen quality and fertility: A review of the literature
    • Kidd SA, Eskenazi B, Wyrobek AJ. Effects of male age on semen quality and fertility: a review of the literature. Fertil Steril 2001;75:237-48.
    • (2001) Fertil Steril , vol.75 , pp. 237-248
    • Kidd, S.A.1    Eskenazi, B.2    Wyrobek, A.J.3
  • 4
    • 0032453293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infertility in the older woman
    • Schmidt-Sarosi C. Infertility in the older woman. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1998;41:940-50.
    • (1998) Clin Obstet Gynecol , vol.41 , pp. 940-950
    • Schmidt-Sarosi, C.1
  • 5
    • 0344541755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unintended pregnancy in the United States
    • Henshaw SK. Unintended pregnancy in the United States. Fam Plann Perspect 1998;30:24-9.
    • (1998) Fam Plann Perspect , vol.30 , pp. 24-29
    • Henshaw, S.K.1
  • 7
    • 0032483243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal mortality-United States, 1982-1996
    • Maternal mortality-United States, 1982-1996. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1998;47:705-7.
    • (1998) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.47 , pp. 705-707
  • 8
    • 0033580733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State-specific maternal mortality among black and white women
    • State-specific maternal mortality among black and white women. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1999;48:492-6.
    • (1999) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.48 , pp. 492-496
  • 9
    • 0029962305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The risk of pregnancy after tubal sterilization: Findings from the US Collaborative Review of Sterilization
    • Peterson HB, Xia Z, Hughes JM, et al. The risk of pregnancy after tubal sterilization: findings from the US Collaborative Review of Sterilization. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996;174:1161-70.
    • (1996) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.174 , pp. 1161-1170
    • Peterson, H.B.1    Xia, Z.2    Hughes, J.M.3
  • 10
    • 0028899413 scopus 로고
    • The economic value of contraception: A comparison of 15 methods
    • Trussell J, Leveque JA, Koenig JD, et al. The economic value of contraception: a comparison of 15 methods. Am J Public Health 1995;85:494-503.
    • (1995) Am J Public Health , vol.85 , pp. 494-503
    • Trussell, J.1    Leveque, J.A.2    Koenig, J.D.3
  • 11
    • 0034620044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The risk of menstrual abnormalities after tubal sterilization: Findings from the US Collaborative Review of Sterilization
    • Peterson HB, Jeng G, Folger SG, et al. The risk of menstrual abnormalities after tubal sterilization: findings from the US Collaborative Review of Sterilization. N Engl J Med 2000;343: 1681-7.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.343 , pp. 1681-1687
    • Peterson, H.B.1    Jeng, G.2    Folger, S.G.3
  • 12
    • 0027422350 scopus 로고
    • Tubal sterilization, hysterectomy, and the risk of ovarian cancer: A prospective study
    • Hankinson SE, Hunter DJ, Colditz GA, et al. Tubal sterilization, hysterectomy, and the risk of ovarian cancer: a prospective study. JAMA 1993;270:2813-9.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 2813-2819
    • Hankinson, S.E.1    Hunter, D.J.2    Colditz, G.A.3
  • 13
    • 0033034006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poststerilization regret: Findings from the United States Collaborative Review of Sterilization
    • Hillis SD, Marchbanks PA, Tylor LR, Peterson HB. Poststerilization regret: findings from the United States Collaborative Review of Sterilization. Obstet Gynecol 1999;93:889-95.
    • (1999) Obstet Gynecol , vol.93 , pp. 889-895
    • Hillis, S.D.1    Marchbanks, P.A.2    Tylor, L.R.3    Peterson, H.B.4
  • 14
    • 0032462605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The symptoms of perimenopause
    • Nachtigall LE. The symptoms of perimenopause. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1998;41:921-7.
    • (1998) Clin Obstet Gynecol , vol.41 , pp. 921-927
    • Nachtigall, L.E.1
  • 15
    • 0025746608 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged intrauterine contraception: A seven-year randomized study of the levonorgestrel 20 mcg/day and the copper T380A IUDs
    • Sivin I, Stern J, Coutinho E. Prolonged intrauterine contraception: a seven-year randomized study of the levonorgestrel 20 mcg/day and the copper T380A IUDs. Contraception 1991;44: 473-80.
    • (1991) Contraception , vol.44 , pp. 473-480
    • Sivin, I.1    Stern, J.2    Coutinho, E.3
  • 16
    • 0034883747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levonorgestrel-releasing (20 mcg/day) intrauterine systems (Mirena) compared with other methods of reversible contraceptives
    • Onyeka BA. Levonorgestrel-releasing (20 mcg/day) intrauterine systems (Mirena) compared with other methods of reversible contraceptives. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2001;108:770-1.
    • (2001) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.108 , pp. 770-771
    • Onyeka, B.A.1
  • 17
    • 0034802742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective, controlled study of the effects of hormonal contraception on bone mineral density
    • Berenson AB, Radecki CM, Grady JJ, et al. A prospective, controlled study of the effects of hormonal contraception on bone mineral density. Obstet Gynecol 2001;98:576-82.
    • (2001) Obstet Gynecol , vol.98 , pp. 576-582
    • Berenson, A.B.1    Radecki, C.M.2    Grady, J.J.3
  • 18
    • 0035142204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of contraceptive use on bone biochemical markers in women
    • Ott SM, Scholes D, LaCroix AZ, et al. Effects of contraceptive use on bone biochemical markers in women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:179-85.
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , pp. 179-185
    • Ott, S.M.1    Scholes, D.2    LaCroix, A.Z.3
  • 19
    • 0034742244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lunelle monthly injectable contraception: An effective, safe, and convenient new birth control option
    • Kaunitz AM. Lunelle monthly injectable contraception: an effective, safe, and convenient new birth control option. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2001;265:119-23.
    • (2001) Arch Gynecol Obstet , vol.265 , pp. 119-123
    • Kaunitz, A.M.1
  • 20
    • 0014962032 scopus 로고
    • Thromboembolic disease and the steroidal content of oral contraceptives: A report to the Committee on Safety of Drugs
    • Inman WH, Vessey MP, Westerholm B, Engelund A. Thromboembolic disease and the steroidal content of oral contraceptives: a report to the Committee on Safety of Drugs. BMJ 1970;2: 203-9.
    • (1970) BMJ , vol.2 , pp. 203-209
    • Inman, W.H.1    Vessey, M.P.2    Westerholm, B.3    Engelund, A.4
  • 21
    • 0032034158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal contraception and the risk of cardiovascular disease: An international perspective
    • Farley TM, Collins J, Schlesselmann JJ. Hormonal contraception and the risk of cardiovascular disease: an international perspective. Contraception 1998;57:211-30.
    • (1998) Contraception , vol.57 , pp. 211-230
    • Farley, T.M.1    Collins, J.2    Schlesselmann, J.J.3
  • 23
    • 0034927368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose oral contraceptive use and the risk of myocardial infarction
    • Rosenberg L, Palmer JR, Rao RS, Shapiro S. Low-dose oral contraceptive use and the risk of myocardial infarction. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:1065-70.
    • (2001) Arch Intern Med , vol.161 , pp. 1065-1070
    • Rosenberg, L.1    Palmer, J.R.2    Rao, R.S.3    Shapiro, S.4
  • 24
    • 0001743213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contraceptive efficacy
    • Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Stewart F, Cates W Jr, Stewart GK, Guest F, et al, editors. New York: Ardent Media Inc.
    • Trussell J. Contraceptive efficacy. In: Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Stewart F, Cates W Jr, Stewart GK, Guest F, et al, editors. Contraceptive technology. 17th edition. New York: Ardent Media Inc.; 1998. p. 779-844.
    • (1998) Contraceptive technology. 17th edition , pp. 779-844
    • Trussell, J.1
  • 26
    • 0032966105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinician/patient interaction: Communicating the benefits and risks of oral contraceptives
    • Davis A, Wysocki S. Clinician/patient interaction: communicating the benefits and risks of oral contraceptives. Contraception 1999;59:39S-42S.
    • (1999) Contraception , vol.59
    • Davis, A.1    Wysocki, S.2
  • 27
    • 0033004544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral contraceptives: Therapeutic uses and quality-of-life benefits
    • Sulak PJ. Oral contraceptives: therapeutic uses and quality-of-life benefits. Contraception 1999; 59:35S-8S.
    • (1999) Contraception , vol.59
    • Sulak, P.J.1
  • 28
    • 0029934640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The perimenopause: A critical time in a women's life
    • Sulak PJ. The perimenopause: a critical time in a women's life. Int J Fertil 1996;41:85-9.
    • (1996) Int J Fertil , vol.41 , pp. 85-89
    • Sulak, P.J.1
  • 29
    • 0024599768 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for acute myocardial infarction in women: Evidence from the Royal College of General Practitioners' oral contraception study
    • Croft P, Hanniford PC. Risk factors for acute myocardial infarction in women: evidence from the Royal College of General Practitioners' oral contraception study. BMJ 1989;298:165-8.
    • (1989) BMJ , vol.298 , pp. 165-168
    • Croft, P.1    Hanniford, P.C.2
  • 30
    • 0030803217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of oral contraceptives and the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction in young women: Results from the transnational study on oral contraceptives and the health of young women
    • Lewis MA, Heinemann LAJ, Spitzer WO, et al. The use of oral contraceptives and the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction in young women: results from the transnational study on oral contraceptives and the health of young women. Contraception 1997;56:129-40.
    • (1997) Contraception , vol.56 , pp. 129-140
    • Lewis, M.A.1    Heinemann, L.A.J.2    Spitzer, W.O.3
  • 31
    • 0029946560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke in users of low-dose contraceptives
    • Petitti DB, Sidney S, Bernstein A, et al. Stroke in users of low-dose contraceptives. N Engl J Med 1996;335:8-15.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , pp. 8-15
    • Petitti, D.B.1    Sidney, S.2    Bernstein, A.3
  • 32
    • 0030560764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial infarction in user of low-dose oral contraceptives
    • Sidney S, Petitti DB, Quesenberry CP. Myocardial infarction in user of low-dose oral contraceptives. Obstet Gynecol 1996;88:939-44.
    • (1996) Obstet Gynecol , vol.88 , pp. 939-944
    • Sidney, S.1    Petitti, D.B.2    Quesenberry, C.P.3
  • 33
    • 0029564931 scopus 로고
    • Venous thromboembolic disease and combined oral contraceptives: Results of international multicentre case-control study
    • World Health Organization Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception. Venous thromboembolic disease and combined oral contraceptives: results of international multicentre case-control study. Lancet 1995;346:1575-82.
    • (1995) Lancet , vol.346 , pp. 1575-1582
  • 34
    • 0030223349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitudes to current oral contraceptive use and future developments: The women's perspective
    • Fuchs N, Prinz H, Koch U. Attitudes to current oral contraceptive use and future developments: the women's perspective. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care 1996;1:275-84.
    • (1996) Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care , vol.1 , pp. 275-284
    • Fuchs, N.1    Prinz, H.2    Koch, U.3
  • 35
    • 0027270390 scopus 로고
    • Oral contraceptive risk assessment: A survey of 247 educated women
    • Peipert JF, Gutmann J. Oral contraceptive risk assessment: a survey of 247 educated women. Obstet Gynecol 1993;82:112-7.
    • (1993) Obstet Gynecol , vol.82 , pp. 112-117
    • Peipert, J.F.1    Gutmann, J.2
  • 36
    • 0026750890 scopus 로고
    • Premature discontinuation of contraception in Australia
    • Bracher M, Santow G. Premature discontinuation of contraception in Australia. Fam Plann Perspect 1992;24:58-65.
    • (1992) Fam Plann Perspect , vol.24 , pp. 58-65
    • Bracher, M.1    Santow, G.2
  • 37
    • 0026646903 scopus 로고
    • Medical aspects of oral contraceptive discontinuation
    • Serfaty D. Medical aspects of oral contraceptive discontinuation. Adv Contracept 1992;8:21-33.
    • (1992) Adv Contracept , vol.8 , pp. 21-33
    • Serfaty, D.1
  • 38
    • 0031956483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compliance, counseling and satisfaction with oral contraceptives: A prospective evaluation
    • Rosenberg MJ, Waugh MS, Bumhill MS. Compliance, counseling and satisfaction with oral contraceptives: a prospective evaluation. Fam Plann Perspect 1998;30:89-92.
    • (1998) Fam Plann Perspect , vol.30 , pp. 89-92
    • Rosenberg, M.J.1    Waugh, M.S.2    Bumhill, M.S.3
  • 39
  • 40
    • 0023099029 scopus 로고
    • The reduction in risk of ovarian cancer associated with oral-contraceptive use
    • Cancer and Steroid Hormone Study of the Centers for Disease Control and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The reduction in risk of ovarian cancer associated with oral-contraceptive use. N Engl J Med 1987;316:650-5.
    • (1987) N Engl J Med , vol.316 , pp. 650-655
  • 41
    • 0024358315 scopus 로고
    • Cancer of the breast and reproductive tract in relation to use of oral contraceptives
    • Schlesselman JJ. Cancer of the breast and reproductive tract in relation to use of oral contraceptives. Contraception 1989;40:1-38.
    • (1989) Contraception , vol.40 , pp. 1-38
    • Schlesselman, J.J.1
  • 42
    • 0026731343 scopus 로고
    • A quantitative assessment of oral contraceptive use and risk of ovarian cancer
    • Hankinson SE, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ, et al. A quantitative assessment of oral contraceptive use and risk of ovarian cancer. Obstet Gynecol 1992;80:708-14.
    • (1992) Obstet Gynecol , vol.80 , pp. 708-714
    • Hankinson, S.E.1    Colditz, G.A.2    Hunter, D.J.3
  • 43
    • 0028910708 scopus 로고
    • Net effect of oral contraceptive use on the risk of cancer in women in the United States
    • Schlesselman JJ. Net effect of oral contraceptive use on the risk of cancer in women in the United States. Obstet Gynecol 1995;85:793-801.
    • (1995) Obstet Gynecol , vol.85 , pp. 793-801
    • Schlesselman, J.J.1
  • 44
    • 0027958039 scopus 로고
    • The estimated effect of oral contraceptive use on the cumulative risk of epithelial ovarian cancer
    • Gross TP, Schlesselman JJ. The estimated effect of oral contraceptive use on the cumulative risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. Obstet Gynecol 1994;83:419-24.
    • (1994) Obstet Gynecol , vol.83 , pp. 419-424
    • Gross, T.P.1    Schlesselman, J.J.2
  • 45
    • 0028204976 scopus 로고
    • A case-control study of oral contraceptive use and invasive epithelial ovarian cancer
    • Rosenberg L, Palmer JR, Zauber AG, et al. A case-control study of oral contraceptive use and invasive epithelial ovarian cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1994;139:654-61.
    • (1994) Am J Epidemiol , vol.139 , pp. 654-661
    • Rosenberg, L.1    Palmer, J.R.2    Zauber, A.G.3
  • 46
    • 0032514413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral contraceptives and the risk of hereditary ovarian cancer
    • Narod SA, Risch H, Moslehi R, et al. Oral contraceptives and the risk of hereditary ovarian cancer. N Engl J Med 1998;339:424-8.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 424-428
    • Narod, S.A.1    Risch, H.2    Moslehi, R.3
  • 47
    • 0024399601 scopus 로고
    • The effects of oral contraceptives and parity on ovarian cancer trends in women under 55 years of age
    • Villard-Mackintosh L, Vessey MP, Jones L. The effects of oral contraceptives and parity on ovarian cancer trends in women under 55 years of age. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1989;96:783-8.
    • (1989) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.96 , pp. 783-788
    • Villard-Mackintosh, L.1    Vessey, M.P.2    Jones, L.3
  • 48
    • 0023155215 scopus 로고
    • Combination oral contraceptive use and the risk of endometrial cancer
    • Cancer and Steroid Hormone Study of the Centers for Disease Control and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Combination oral contraceptive use and the risk of endometrial cancer. JAMA 1987;257:796-800.
    • (1987) JAMA , vol.257 , pp. 796-800
  • 49
    • 0020691964 scopus 로고
    • Oral contraceptive use and the risk of endometrial cancer
    • The Centers for Disease Control Cancer and Steroid Hormone Study
    • Rubin GL, Wingo PA, Layde PM, et al. Oral contraceptive use and the risk of endometrial cancer. The Centers for Disease Control Cancer and Steroid Hormone Study. JAMA 1983; 249:1600-4.
    • (1983) JAMA , vol.249 , pp. 1600-1604
    • Rubin, G.L.1    Wingo, P.A.2    Layde, P.M.3
  • 50
    • 0025766527 scopus 로고
    • Oral contraceptives and neoplasia of the uterine corpus
    • Schlesselman JJ. Oral contraceptives and neoplasia of the uterine corpus. Contraception 1991; 43:557-79.
    • (1991) Contraception , vol.43 , pp. 557-579
    • Schlesselman, J.J.1
  • 51
    • 0027519355 scopus 로고
    • Oral contraceptives and endometrial cancer
    • Jick SS, Walker AM, Jick H. Oral contraceptives and endometrial cancer. Obstet Gynecol 1993; 82:931-5.
    • (1993) Obstet Gynecol , vol.82 , pp. 931-935
    • Jick, S.S.1    Walker, A.M.2    Jick, H.3
  • 52
    • 0031899818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral contraceptive use and risk of colorectal cancer
    • Fernandez E, La Vecchia C, Franceschi S, et al. Oral contraceptive use and risk of colorectal cancer. Epidemiology 1998;9:295-300.
    • (1998) Epidemiology , vol.9 , pp. 295-300
    • Fernandez, E.1    La Vecchia, C.2    Franceschi, S.3
  • 53
    • 0031032674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of reproductive factors, oral contraceptive use, and risk of colorectal cancer
    • Martinez ME, Grodstein F, Giovannucci E, et al. A prospective study of reproductive factors, oral contraceptive use, and risk of colorectal cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1997; 6:1-5.
    • (1997) Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev , vol.6 , pp. 1-5
    • Martinez, M.E.1    Grodstein, F.2    Giovannucci, E.3
  • 54
    • 0021079832 scopus 로고
    • Large bowel cancer in women in relation to reproductive and hormonal factors: A case-control study
    • Potter JD, McMichael AJ. Large bowel cancer in women in relation to reproductive and hormonal factors: a case-control study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1983;71:703-9.
    • (1983) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.71 , pp. 703-709
    • Potter, J.D.1    McMichael, A.J.2
  • 55
    • 0031021219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive factors, oral contraceptive use, and risk of colorectal cancer
    • Troisi R, Schairer C, Chow WH, et al. Reproductive factors, oral contraceptive use, and risk of colorectal cancer. Epidemiology 1997;8:75-9.
    • (1997) Epidemiology , vol.8 , pp. 75-79
    • Troisi, R.1    Schairer, C.2    Chow, W.H.3
  • 56
    • 0035793815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral contraceptives and colorectal cancer risk: A meta-analysis
    • Fernandez E, LaVecchia C, Balducci A, et al. Oral contraceptives and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Br J Cancer 2001;84:72-727.
    • (2001) Br J Cancer , vol.84 , pp. 72-727
    • Fernandez, E.1    LaVecchia, C.2    Balducci, A.3
  • 57
    • 0028943552 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen replacement therapy and risk of fatal colon cancer in a prospective cohort of postmenopausal women
    • Calle EE, Miracle-McMahill HL, Thun MJ, Heath CWJ. Estrogen replacement therapy and risk of fatal colon cancer in a prospective cohort of postmenopausal women. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:517-23.
    • (1995) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.87 , pp. 517-523
    • Calle, E.E.1    Miracle-McMahill, H.L.2    Thun, M.J.3    Heath, C.W.J.4
  • 58
    • 0029648078 scopus 로고
    • Hormones and colon cancer
    • Potter JD. Hormones and colon cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:1039-40.
    • (1995) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.87 , pp. 1039-1040
    • Potter, J.D.1
  • 59
    • 0017256852 scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral contraceptives on the gallbladder bile of normal women
    • Bennion LJ, Ginsberg RL, Gernick MB, Bennett PH. Effects of oral contraceptives on the gallbladder bile of normal women. N Engl J Med 1976;294:189-92.
    • (1976) N Engl J Med , vol.294 , pp. 189-192
    • Bennion, L.J.1    Ginsberg, R.L.2    Gernick, M.B.3    Bennett, P.H.4
  • 60
    • 0026785801 scopus 로고
    • The effects of steroid hormones on a human colon cancer cell line in vitro
    • Lointier P, Wildrick DM, Boman BM. The effects of steroid hormones on a human colon cancer cell line in vitro. Anticancer Res 1992;12:1327-30.
    • (1992) Anticancer Res , vol.12 , pp. 1327-1330
    • Lointier, P.1    Wildrick, D.M.2    Boman, B.M.3
  • 61
    • 0020454832 scopus 로고
    • Oral contraceptives and pelvic inflammatory disease
    • Rubin GL, Ory HW, Layde PM. Oral contraceptives and pelvic inflammatory disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1982;144:630-5.
    • (1982) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.144 , pp. 630-635
    • Rubin, G.L.1    Ory, H.W.2    Layde, P.M.3
  • 62
    • 0345549621 scopus 로고
    • Functional ovarian cysts and oral contraceptives
    • Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program. Functional ovarian cysts and oral contraceptives. JAMA 1974;228:68-9.
    • (1974) JAMA , vol.228 , pp. 68-69
  • 63
    • 0023198510 scopus 로고
    • Ovarian neoplasms, functional ovarian cysts, and oral contraceptives
    • Vessey M, Metcalfe A, Wells C, et al. Ovarian neoplasms, functional ovarian cysts, and oral contraceptives. BMJ 1987;294:1518-20.
    • (1987) BMJ , vol.294 , pp. 1518-1520
    • Vessey, M.1    Metcalfe, A.2    Wells, C.3
  • 64
    • 0023261901 scopus 로고
    • Phasic contraceptive pills and functional ovarian cysts
    • Caillouette JC, Koehler AL. Phasic contraceptive pills and functional ovarian cysts. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1987;156:1538-42.
    • (1987) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.156 , pp. 1538-1542
    • Caillouette, J.C.1    Koehler, A.L.2
  • 65
    • 0028091146 scopus 로고
    • Ovulation and follicular development associated with three low-dose oral contraceptives: A randomized controlled trial
    • Grimes DA, Godwin AJ, Rubin A, et al. Ovulation and follicular development associated with three low-dose oral contraceptives: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 1994;83:29-34.
    • (1994) Obstet Gynecol , vol.83 , pp. 29-34
    • Grimes, D.A.1    Godwin, A.J.2    Rubin, A.3
  • 67
    • 0022494390 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for uterine fibroids: Reduced risk associated with oral contraceptives
    • Ross RK, Pike MC, Vessey MP, et al. Risk factors for uterine fibroids: reduced risk associated with oral contraceptives. BMJ 1986;293:359-62.
    • (1986) BMJ , vol.293 , pp. 359-362
    • Ross, R.K.1    Pike, M.C.2    Vessey, M.P.3
  • 68
    • 0026597981 scopus 로고
    • Oral contraceptive use and risk of uterine fibroids
    • Parazzini F, Negri E, La Vecchia C, et al. Oral contraceptive use and risk of uterine fibroids. Obstet Gynecol 1992;79:430-3.
    • (1992) Obstet Gynecol , vol.79 , pp. 430-433
    • Parazzini, F.1    Negri, E.2    La Vecchia, C.3
  • 69
    • 0031899417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral contraceptive use and benign gynecologic conditions: A review
    • Chiaffarino F, Parazzini F, La Vecchia C, et al. Oral contraceptive use and benign gynecologic conditions: a review. Contraception 1998;57:11-8.
    • (1998) Contraception , vol.57 , pp. 11-18
    • Chiaffarino, F.1    Parazzini, F.2    La Vecchia, C.3
  • 71
    • 0017778923 scopus 로고
    • Effect on hypertension and benign breast disease of progestagen component in combined oral contraceptives
    • Royal College of General Practitioners' Oral Contraceptive Study. Effect on hypertension and benign breast disease of progestagen component in combined oral contraceptives. Lancet 1977; 1:624.
    • (1977) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 624
  • 72
    • 0027222768 scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment of osteoporosis
    • Consensus Development Conference. Diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment of osteoporosis. Am J Med 1993;94:646-50.
    • (1993) Am J Med , vol.94 , pp. 646-650
  • 74
    • 0027497359 scopus 로고
    • Bone mineral density in postmenopausal women as determined by prior oral contraceptive use
    • Kritz-Silverstein D, Barrett-Connor E. Bone mineral density in postmenopausal women as determined by prior oral contraceptive use. Am J Public Health 1993;83:100-2.
    • (1993) Am J Public Health , vol.83 , pp. 100-102
    • Kritz-Silverstein, D.1    Barrett-Connor, E.2
  • 75
    • 0028158249 scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal evaluation of perimenopausal vertebral bone loss: Effects of a low-dose oral contraceptive preparation on bone mineral density and metabolism
    • Gambacciani M, Spinetti A, Taponeco F, et al. Longitudinal evaluation of perimenopausal vertebral bone loss: effects of a low-dose oral contraceptive preparation on bone mineral density and metabolism. Obstet Gynecol 1994;83:392-6.
    • (1994) Obstet Gynecol , vol.83 , pp. 392-396
    • Gambacciani, M.1    Spinetti, A.2    Taponeco, F.3
  • 76
    • 0033135999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral-contraceptive use and the risk of hip fracture: A case-control study
    • Michaelsson K, Baron JA, Farahmand BY, et al. Oral-contraceptive use and the risk of hip fracture: a case-control study. Lancet 1999;353:1481-4.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 1481-1484
    • Michaelsson, K.1    Baron, J.A.2    Farahmand, B.Y.3
  • 77
    • 0000593153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of 20mcg ethinyl estradiol/1 mg norethindrone acetate (Minestrin), a low-dose oral contraceptive, on vaginal bleeding patterns, hot flashes, and quality of life in symptomatic perimenopausal women
    • Casper RF, Dodin S, Reid RL. The effect of 20mcg ethinyl estradiol/1 mg norethindrone acetate (Minestrin), a low-dose oral contraceptive, on vaginal bleeding patterns, hot flashes, and quality of life in symptomatic perimenopausal women. Menopause 1997;4:139-47.
    • (1997) Menopause , vol.4 , pp. 139-147
    • Casper, R.F.1    Dodin, S.2    Reid, R.L.3
  • 78
    • 0022359770 scopus 로고
    • Hormone replacement therapy in perimenopausal women with a low dose oral contraceptive preparation
    • Shargil AA. Hormone replacement therapy in perimenopausal women with a low dose oral contraceptive preparation. Int J Fertil 1985;30:15-28.
    • (1985) Int J Fertil , vol.30 , pp. 15-28
    • Shargil, A.A.1
  • 79
    • 0025085709 scopus 로고
    • The protective effect of the oral contraceptive pill on rheumatoid arthritis: An overview of the analytic epidemiological studies using meta-analysis
    • Spector TD, Hochberg MC. The protective effect of the oral contraceptive pill on rheumatoid arthritis: an overview of the analytic epidemiological studies using meta-analysis. J Clin Epidemiol 1990;43:1221-30.
    • (1990) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.43 , pp. 1221-1230
    • Spector, T.D.1    Hochberg, M.C.2
  • 80
    • 0030030989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral contraception, parity, breast feeding, and severity of rheumatoid arthritis
    • Jorgensen C, Picot MC, Bologna C, Sany J. Oral contraception, parity, breast feeding, and severity of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1996;55:94-8.
    • (1996) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.55 , pp. 94-98
    • Jorgensen, C.1    Picot, M.C.2    Bologna, C.3    Sany, J.4
  • 82
    • 0030693350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of norgestimate and ethinyl estradiol in treating moderate acne vulgaris
    • Lucky AW, Henderson TA, Olson WH, et al. Effectiveness of norgestimate and ethinyl estradiol in treating moderate acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol 1997;37:746-54.
    • (1997) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.37 , pp. 746-754
    • Lucky, A.W.1    Henderson, T.A.2    Olson, W.H.3
  • 83
    • 0031127746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Norgestimate and ethinyl estradiol in the treatment of acne vulgaris: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial
    • Redmond GP, Olson WH, Lippman JS, et al. Norgestimate and ethinyl estradiol in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 1997;89:615-22.
    • (1997) Obstet Gynecol , vol.89 , pp. 615-622
    • Redmond, G.P.1    Olson, W.H.2    Lippman, J.S.3
  • 84
    • 0018404062 scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of dysmenorrhea
    • Akerlund M. Pathophysiology of dysmenorrhea. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1979;87:27-32.
    • (1979) Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand , vol.87 , pp. 27-32
    • Akerlund, M.1
  • 85
    • 0030937028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysmenorrhea and dysfunctional uterine bleeding
    • Apgar BS. Dysmenorrhea and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Prim Care 1997;24:161-78.
    • (1997) Prim Care , vol.24 , pp. 161-178
    • Apgar, B.S.1
  • 86
    • 0026806578 scopus 로고
    • The influence of a low-dose combined oral contraceptive on menstrual blood loss and iron status
    • Larsson G, Milsom I, Lindstedt G, Rybo G. The influence of a low-dose combined oral contraceptive on menstrual blood loss and iron status. Contraception 1992;46:327-34.
    • (1992) Contraception , vol.46 , pp. 327-334
    • Larsson, G.1    Milsom, I.2    Lindstedt, G.3    Rybo, G.4
  • 87
    • 0034761608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Menstrual reduction with extended use of combination oral contraceptive pills: Randomized controlled trial
    • Miller L, Notter KM. Menstrual reduction with extended use of combination oral contraceptive pills: randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2001;98:771-8.
    • (2001) Obstet Gynecol , vol.98 , pp. 771-778
    • Miller, L.1    Notter, K.M.2
  • 88
    • 0032863562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preferred frequency and characteristics of menstrual bleeding in relation to reproductive status, oral contraceptive use, and hormone replacement therapy use
    • den Tonkelaar I, Oddens BJ. Preferred frequency and characteristics of menstrual bleeding in relation to reproductive status, oral contraceptive use, and hormone replacement therapy use. Contraception 1999;59:357-62.
    • (1999) Contraception , vol.59 , pp. 357-362
    • Den Tonkelaar, I.1    Oddens, B.J.2
  • 89
    • 0034766473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of a transdermal contraceptive system
    • Smallwood GH, Meador ML, Lenihan JP, et al. Efficacy and safety of a transdermal contraceptive system. Obstet Gynecol 2001;98:799-805.
    • (2001) Obstet Gynecol , vol.98 , pp. 799-805
    • Smallwood, G.H.1    Meador, M.L.2    Lenihan, J.P.3
  • 90
    • 0035029575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of the novel combined contraceptive vaginal ring (NuvaRing) for ovulation inhibition
    • Mulders TM, Dieben TO. Use of the novel combined contraceptive vaginal ring (NuvaRing) for ovulation inhibition. Fertil Steril 2001;75:865-70.
    • (2001) Fertil Steril , vol.75 , pp. 865-870
    • Mulders, T.M.1    Dieben, T.O.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.