메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 25, Issue 4, 2002, Pages 743-766

Nutrient enrichment on coral reefs: Is it a major cause of coral reef decline?

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CORAL REEF; DEGRADATION; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT;

EID: 0036701508     PISSN: 01608347     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF02804903     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (426)

References (196)
  • 1
    • 0001724038 scopus 로고
    • Upwelling as a source of nutrients for the Great Barrier Reef ecosystems: A solution to Darwin's question?
    • Andrews, J. C. and P. Gentien. 1982. Upwelling as a source of nutrients for the Great Barrier Reef ecosystems: A solution to Darwin's question? Marine Ecology Progress Series 8:257-269.
    • (1982) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.8 , pp. 257-269
    • Andrews, J.C.1    Gentien, P.2
  • 2
    • 0033907837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced particle-feeding capacity of corals on turbid reefs (Great Barrier Reef, Australia)
    • Anthony, K. R. N. 2000. Enhanced particle-feeding capacity of corals on turbid reefs (Great Barrier Reef, Australia). Coral Reefs 19:59-67.
    • (2000) Coral Reefs , vol.19 , pp. 59-67
    • Anthony, K.R.N.1
  • 3
    • 0033978662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herbivory and algal dynamics on the coral reef at Discovery Bay, Jamaica
    • Aronson, R. B. and W. F. Precht. 2000. Herbivory and algal dynamics on the coral reef at Discovery Bay, Jamaica. Limnology and Oceanography 45:251-255.
    • (2000) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.45 , pp. 251-255
    • Aronson, R.B.1    Precht, W.F.2
  • 4
    • 0002262650 scopus 로고
    • Are coral reefs nutrient limited?
    • J. H. Choat (ed.). James Cook University Press, Townsville, Australia
    • Atkinson, M. J. 1988. Are coral reefs nutrient limited? In J. H. Choat (ed.), Proceedings of the 6th International Coral Reef Symposium 1:157-166. James Cook University Press, Townsville, Australia.
    • (1988) Proceedings of the 6th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.1 , pp. 157-166
    • Atkinson, M.J.1
  • 5
    • 0029529795 scopus 로고
    • Coral growth in high-nutrient, low-pH seawater: A case study of corals cultured at Waikiki Aquarium, Honolulu, Hawaii
    • Atkinson, M. J., B. Carlson, and G. L. Crow. 1995. Coral growth in high-nutrient, low-pH seawater: A case study of corals cultured at Waikiki Aquarium, Honolulu, Hawaii. Coral Reefs 14:215-223.
    • (1995) Coral Reefs , vol.14 , pp. 215-223
    • Atkinson, M.J.1    Carlson, B.2    Crow, G.L.3
  • 6
    • 0026864209 scopus 로고
    • Eutrophication and coral reefs - Some examples in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon
    • Bell, P. R. F. 1992. Eutrophication and coral reefs-Some examples in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Water Research 26:553-568.
    • (1992) Water Research , vol.26 , pp. 553-568
    • Bell, P.R.F.1
  • 7
    • 0028975782 scopus 로고
    • Ecological indicators of large-scale eutrophication in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon
    • Bell, P. R. F. and I. Elimetri. 1995. Ecological indicators of large-scale eutrophication in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Ambio 24:208-215.
    • (1995) Ambio , vol.24 , pp. 208-215
    • Bell, P.R.F.1    Elimetri, I.2
  • 8
    • 0002509692 scopus 로고
    • The importance of rate of biomass accumulation in early successional stages of benthic communities to the survival of coral recruits
    • R. N. Ginsburg and D. L. Taylor (eds.). Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
    • Birkeland, C. 1977. The importance of rate of biomass accumulation in early successional stages of benthic communities to the survival of coral recruits. In R. N. Ginsburg and D. L. Taylor (eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd International Coral Reef Symposium 1:15-21. Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
    • (1977) Proceedings of the 3rd International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.1 , pp. 15-21
    • Birkeland, C.1
  • 9
    • 0011126421 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient availability as a major determination of differences among coastal hard-substratum communities in different regions of the tropics
    • C. Birkeland (ed.), Comparison Between Atlantic and Pacific Tropical Coastal Systems. UNESCO Division of Marine Science, Paris, France
    • Birkeland, C. 1987. Nutrient availability as a major determination of differences among coastal hard-substratum communities in different regions of the tropics, p. 1-26. In C. Birkeland (ed.), Comparison between Atlantic and Pacific Tropical Coastal Systems, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Reports in Marine Science 46. UNESCO Division of Marine Science, Paris, France.
    • (1987) United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Reports in Marine Science , vol.46 , pp. 1-26
    • Birkeland, C.1
  • 10
    • 0001603650 scopus 로고
    • Geographic comparisons of coral-reef community processes
    • J. H. Choat (ed.). James Cook University Press, Townsville, Australia
    • Birkeland, C. 1988. Geographic comparisons of coral-reef community processes. In J. H. Choat (ed.), Proceedings of the 6th International Coral Reef Symposium 1:211-220. James Cook University Press, Townsville, Australia.
    • (1988) Proceedings of the 6th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.1 , pp. 211-220
    • Birkeland, C.1
  • 12
    • 0029537840 scopus 로고
    • Coralline algae, important coral-reef builders threatened by pollution
    • Björk, M., S. M. Mohammed, M. Björklund, and A. Semesi. 1995. Coralline algae, important coral-reef builders threatened by pollution. Ambio 24:502-505.
    • (1995) Ambio , vol.24 , pp. 502-505
    • Björk, M.1    Mohammed, S.M.2    Björklund, M.3    Semesi, A.4
  • 13
    • 0011092016 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary study of algal turf communities of shallow coral reef lagoon using an artificial substratum
    • Borowitzka, M. A., A. W. D. Larkum, and L. J. Borowitzka. 1978. A preliminary study of algal turf communities of shallow coral reef lagoon using an artificial substratum. Aquatic Botany 5:365-381.
    • (1978) Aquatic Botany , vol.5 , pp. 365-381
    • Borowitzka, M.A.1    Larkum, A.W.D.2    Borowitzka, L.J.3
  • 14
    • 0001397769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring chlorophyll in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon: Trends and variability
    • H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.). Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
    • Brodie, J. E., M. J. Furnas, A. D. L. Steven, L. A. Trott, F. Pantus, and M. Wright. 1997. Monitoring chlorophyll in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon: Trends and variability. In H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium 1:797-802. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.1 , pp. 797-802
    • Brodie, J.E.1    Furnas, M.J.2    Steven, A.D.L.3    Trott, L.A.4    Pantus, F.5    Wright, M.6
  • 15
    • 0034609874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local variability but landscape stability in coral reef communities following repeated hurricane impacts
    • Bythell, J. C., Z. M. Hillis-Starr, and C. S. Rogers. 2000. Local variability but landscape stability in coral reef communities following repeated hurricane impacts. Marine Ecology Progress Series 204:93-100.
    • (2000) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.204 , pp. 93-100
    • Bythell, J.C.1    Hillis-Starr, Z.M.2    Rogers, C.S.3
  • 16
    • 0001103781 scopus 로고
    • Partitioning herbivory and its effects on coral reef algal communities
    • Carpenter, R. C. 1986. Partitioning herbivory and its effects on coral reef algal communities. Ecological Monographs 56:345-356.
    • (1986) Ecological Monographs , vol.56 , pp. 345-356
    • Carpenter, R.C.1
  • 17
    • 0000069697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invertebrate predators and grazers
    • C. Birkeland (ed.). Chapman and Hall, New York
    • Carpenter, R. C. 1997. Invertebrate predators and grazers, p. 198-229. In C. Birkeland (ed.), Life and Death of Coral Reefs. Chapman and Hall, New York.
    • (1997) Life and Death of Coral Reefs , pp. 198-229
    • Carpenter, R.C.1
  • 19
  • 20
    • 0034465213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrification impacts on coral reefs from Northern Bahia, Brazil
    • Costa, Jr., O. S., Z. M. A. N. Leão, M. Nimmo, and M. J. Attrill. 2000. Nutrification impacts on coral reefs from northern Bahia, Brazil. Hydrobiologia 440:370-315.
    • (2000) Hydrobiologia , vol.440 , pp. 370-315
    • Costa O.S., Jr.1    Leão, Z.M.A.N.2    Nimmo, M.3    Attrill, M.J.4
  • 21
    • 0002578293 scopus 로고
    • Dissolved nutrients in coral reef waters
    • D. J. Barnes (ed.). Published for the Australian Institute of Marine Science, Brian Clouston Publishers, Manuka, Australia
    • Crossland, C. J. 1983. Dissolved nutrients in coral reef waters, p. 56-68. In D. J. Barnes (ed.), Perspectives in Coral Reefs. Published for the Australian Institute of Marine Science, Brian Clouston Publishers, Manuka, Australia.
    • (1983) Perspectives in Coral Reefs , pp. 56-68
    • Crossland, C.J.1
  • 22
    • 0000172079 scopus 로고
    • Dissolved nutrients of a high-latitude coral reef, Houtman Abrolhos Islands, Western Australia
    • Crossland, C. J., B. G. Hatcher, M. J. Atkinson, and S. V. Smith. 1984. Dissolved nutrients of a high-latitude coral reef, Houtman Abrolhos Islands, Western Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 14:159-163.
    • (1984) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.14 , pp. 159-163
    • Crossland, C.J.1    Hatcher, B.G.2    Atkinson, M.J.3    Smith, S.V.4
  • 23
    • 0002822939 scopus 로고
    • Role of coral reefs in global ocean production
    • Crossland, C. J., B. G. Hatcher, and S. V. Smith. 1991. Role of coral reefs in global ocean production. Coral Reefs 10:55-64.
    • (1991) Coral Reefs , vol.10 , pp. 55-64
    • Crossland, C.J.1    Hatcher, B.G.2    Smith, S.V.3
  • 24
    • 0000140805 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient-rich groundwater impact on benthic communities of La Saline fringing reef (Réunion Island, Indian Ocean): Preliminary results
    • J. H. Choat (ed.). James Cook University Press, Townsville, Australia
    • Cuet, P., O. Naim, G. Faure, and J. Y. Conan. 1988. Nutrient-rich groundwater impact on benthic communities of La Saline fringing reef (Réunion Island, Indian Ocean): Preliminary results. In J. H. Choat (ed.), Proceedings of the 6th International Coral Reef Symposium 2:207-212. James Cook University Press, Townsville, Australia.
    • (1988) Proceedings of the 6th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.2 , pp. 207-212
    • Cuet, P.1    Naim, O.2    Faure, G.3    Conan, J.Y.4
  • 25
    • 0024182738 scopus 로고
    • The cycling of essential elements in coral reefs
    • L. R. Pomeroy and J. J. Alberts (eds.). Springer, New York
    • D'Elia, C. F. 1988. The cycling of essential elements in coral reefs, p. 196-245. In L. R. Pomeroy and J. J. Alberts (eds.), Concepts of Ecosystem Ecology: A Comparative View. Springer, New York.
    • (1988) Concepts of Ecosystem Ecology: A Comparative View , pp. 196-245
    • D'Elia, C.F.1
  • 26
    • 0001444933 scopus 로고
    • Nitrate-rich groundwater inputs to Discovery Bay, Jamaica: A significant source of N to local reefs?
    • D'Elia, C. F., K. L. Webb, and J. W. Porter. 1981. Nitrate-rich groundwater inputs to Discovery Bay, Jamaica: A significant source of N to local reefs? Bulletin of Marine Science 31:903-910.
    • (1981) Bulletin of Marine Science , vol.31 , pp. 903-910
    • D'Elia, C.F.1    Webb, K.L.2    Porter, J.W.3
  • 27
    • 0001866410 scopus 로고
    • Biogeochemical nutrient cycles in coral reef ecosystems
    • Z. Dubinsky (ed.). Elsevier Press, New York
    • D'Elia, C. F. and W. J. Wiebe. 1990. Biogeochemical nutrient cycles in coral reef ecosystems, p. 49-74. In Z. Dubinsky (ed.), Ecosystems of the World, Volume 25. Coral Reefs. Elsevier Press, New York.
    • (1990) Ecosystems of the World, Volume 25. Coral Reefs , vol.25 , pp. 49-74
    • D'Elia, C.F.1    Wiebe, W.J.2
  • 29
    • 0000059102 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal structural basis of density banding in the reef coral Montastrea annularis
    • R. H. Richmond (ed.). University of Guam Press, Mangilao, Guam
    • Dodge, R. E., A. M. Szmant, R. Garcia, and P. K. Swart. 1993. Skeletal structural basis of density banding in the reef coral Montastrea annularis. In R. H. Richmond (ed.), Proceedings of the 7th International Coral Reef Symposium 186-195. University of Guam Press, Mangilao, Guam.
    • (1993) Proceedings of the 7th International Coral Reef Symposium , pp. 186-195
    • Dodge, R.E.1    Szmant, A.M.2    Garcia, R.3    Swart, P.K.4
  • 30
    • 0027084582 scopus 로고
    • Constancy and change in some Great Barrier Reef coral communities: 1980-1990
    • Done, T. J. 1992. Constancy and change in some Great Barrier Reef coral communities: 1980-1990. American Zoologist 32:655-662.
    • (1992) American Zoologist , vol.32 , pp. 655-662
    • Done, T.J.1
  • 31
    • 22644449508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coral community adaptability to environmental change at the scales of regions, reefs and reef zones
    • Done, T. J. 1999. Coral community adaptability to environmental change at the scales of regions, reefs and reef zones. American Zoologist 39:66-79.
    • (1999) American Zoologist , vol.39 , pp. 66-79
    • Done, T.J.1
  • 34
    • 51249182666 scopus 로고
    • Vitality of reef coral populations off Key Largo, Florida: Recruitment and mortality
    • Dustan, P. 1977. Vitality of reef coral populations off Key Largo, Florida: Recruitment and mortality. Environmental Geology 2:51-58.
    • (1977) Environmental Geology , vol.2 , pp. 51-58
    • Dustan, P.1
  • 35
    • 0002717943 scopus 로고
    • Changes in reef-coral community of Carysfort Reef, Key Largo, Florida
    • Dustan, P. and J. C. Halas. 1987. Changes in reef-coral community of Carysfort Reef, Key Largo, Florida. Coral Reefs 6:91-106.
    • (1987) Coral Reefs , vol.6 , pp. 91-106
    • Dustan, P.1    Halas, J.C.2
  • 36
    • 0035942225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery of Diadema antillarum reduces macroalgal cover and increases abundance of juvenile corals on a Caribbean reef
    • Edmunds, P. J. and R. C. Carpenter. 2001. Recovery of Diadema antillarum reduces macroalgal cover and increases abundance of juvenile corals on a Caribbean reef. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 98:5067-5071.
    • (2001) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA , vol.98 , pp. 5067-5071
    • Edmunds, P.J.1    Carpenter, R.C.2
  • 37
    • 0035141821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coral bleaching and mortality on artificial and natural reefs in Maldives in 1998, sea surface temperature anomalies and initial recovery
    • Edwards, A. J., S. Clark, H. Zahir, A. Rajasuriya, A. Naseer, and J. Rubens. 2001. Coral bleaching and mortality on artificial and natural reefs in Maldives in 1998, sea surface temperature anomalies and initial recovery. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42:7-15.
    • (2001) Marine Pollution Bulletin , vol.42 , pp. 7-15
    • Edwards, A.J.1    Clark, S.2    Zahir, H.3    Rajasuriya, A.4    Naseer, A.5    Rubens, J.6
  • 38
    • 0035019426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental factors associated with the spatial distribution of crustose coralline algae on the Great Barrier Reef
    • Fabricius, K. and G. De'Eath. 2001. Environmental factors associated with the spatial distribution of crustose coralline algae on the Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs 19:303-309.
    • (2001) Coral Reefs , vol.19 , pp. 303-309
    • Fabricius, K.1    De'Eath, G.2
  • 39
    • 0033864750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of nutrient enrichment on growth and photosynthesis of zooxanthellate coral Stylophora pistillata
    • Ferrier-Pages, C., J. P. Gattuso, S. Dallot, and J. Jaubert. 2000. Effect of nutrient enrichment on growth and photosynthesis of zooxanthellate coral Stylophora pistillata. Coral Reefs 19:103-113.
    • (2000) Coral Reefs , vol.19 , pp. 103-113
    • Ferrier-Pages, C.1    Gattuso, J.P.2    Dallot, S.3    Jaubert, J.4
  • 40
    • 0003925556 scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen and phosphorus budgets for the central Great Barrier Reef shelf
    • Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Townsville, Australia
    • Furnas, M. A., W. Mitchell, and M. Skuza. 1995. Nitrogen and phosphorus budgets for the central Great Barrier Reef shelf. Research Publication Number 36. Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Townsville, australia.
    • (1995) Research Publication Number , vol.36
    • Furnas, M.A.1    Mitchell, W.2    Skuza, M.3
  • 41
    • 0000438866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shelf-scale nitrogen and phosphorus budgets for the central Great Barrier Reef (16-19°S)
    • H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.). Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
    • Furnas, M. A., A. Mitchell, and M. Skuza. 1997. Shelf-scale nitrogen and phosphorus budgets for the central Great Barrier Reef (16-19°S). In H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama City, Panama 1:809-814. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama City, Panama , vol.1 , pp. 809-814
    • Furnas, M.A.1    Mitchell, A.2    Skuza, M.3
  • 44
    • 0028991660 scopus 로고
    • Vertical mixing and coral death in the Red Sea following the eruption of Mount Pinatubo
    • Genin, A., B. Lazar, and S. Brenner. 1995. Vertical mixing and coral death in the Red Sea following the eruption of Mount Pinatubo. Nature 337:507-510.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.337 , pp. 507-510
    • Genin, A.1    Lazar, B.2    Brenner, S.3
  • 45
    • 0035732856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partial mortality of massive reef-building corals: An index of patch reef condition. Florida Reef Tract
    • Ginsburg, R. N., E. Gischler, and W. E. Kiene. 2002. Partial mortality of massive reef-building corals: An index of patch reef condition, Florida Reef Tract. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:1149-1173.
    • (2002) Bulletin of Marine Science , vol.69 , pp. 1149-1173
    • Ginsburg, R.N.1    Gischler, E.2    Kiene, W.E.3
  • 46
    • 0001411187 scopus 로고
    • Coral upgrowth in upwelling and nonupwelling areas off the Pacific Coast of Panama
    • Glynn, P. W. 1977. Coral upgrowth in upwelling and nonupwelling areas off the Pacific coast of Panama. Journal of Marine Research 35:567-585.
    • (1977) Journal of Marine Research , vol.35 , pp. 567-585
    • Glynn, P.W.1
  • 47
    • 0027800063 scopus 로고
    • Monsoonal upwelling and episodic Acanthaster predation as probable controls of coral reef distribution and community structure in Oman, Indian Ocean
    • Glynn, P. W. 1993. Monsoonal upwelling and episodic Acanthaster predation as probable controls of coral reef distribution and community structure in Oman, Indian Ocean. Atoll Research Bulletin 379:1-66.
    • (1993) Atoll Research Bulletin , vol.379 , pp. 1-66
    • Glynn, P.W.1
  • 48
    • 0002039169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioerosion and coral reef growth: A dynamic balance
    • C. Birkeland (ed.). Chapman and Hall, New York
    • Glynn, P. W. 1997. Bioerosion and coral reef growth: A dynamic balance, p. 68-95. In C. Birkeland (ed.), Life and Death of Coral Reefs. Chapman and Hall, New York.
    • (1997) Life and Death of Coral Reefs , pp. 68-95
    • Glynn, P.W.1
  • 50
    • 0029660420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reef coral reproduction in the Eastern Pacific: Costa Rica, Panama, and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). 3. Agariidea (Pavona gigantea and Gardineroseris planulata)
    • Glynn, P. W., S. B. Colley, N. J. Gassman, K. Black, J. Cortes, and J. L. Mate. 1996. Reef coral reproduction in the eastern Pacific: Costa Rica, Panama, and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). 3. Agariidea (Pavona gigantea and Gardineroseris planulata). Marine Biology 125:579-601.
    • (1996) Marine Biology , vol.125 , pp. 579-601
    • Glynn, P.W.1    Colley, S.B.2    Gassman, N.J.3    Black, K.4    Cortes, J.5    Mate, J.L.6
  • 51
    • 0028666955 scopus 로고
    • Environmental management in Yap, Caroline Islands: Can the dream be realized?
    • Goldman, B. 1994. Environmental management in Yap, Caroline Islands: Can the dream be realized? Marine Pollution Bulletin 29:42-51.
    • (1994) Marine Pollution Bulletin , vol.29 , pp. 42-51
    • Goldman, B.1
  • 53
    • 0029513203 scopus 로고
    • Coral reefs in an urban embayment in Hawaii: A complex case history controlled by natural and anthropogenic stress
    • Grigg, R. W. 1995. Coral reefs in an urban embayment in Hawaii: A complex case history controlled by natural and anthropogenic stress. Coral Reefs 14:253-266.
    • (1995) Coral Reefs , vol.14 , pp. 253-266
    • Grigg, R.W.1
  • 54
    • 0023736363 scopus 로고
    • The role of nutrient availability in bioerosion: Consequences to carbonate build-ups
    • Hallock, P. 1988. The role of nutrient availability in bioerosion: Consequences to carbonate build-ups. Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology 62:275-291.
    • (1988) Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology , vol.62 , pp. 275-291
    • Hallock, P.1
  • 56
    • 0022840578 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient excess and the demise of coral reefs and carbonate platforms
    • Hallock, P. and W. Schlager. 1986. Nutrient excess and the demise of coral reefs and carbonate platforms. Palaios 1:389-398.
    • (1986) Palaios , vol.1 , pp. 389-398
    • Hallock, P.1    Schlager, W.2
  • 57
    • 0011065588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macroalgal tissue nutrients as indicators of nitrogen and phosphorus stares in the Florida Keys
    • Hanisak, M. D. and L. W. Siemon. 2000. Macroalgal tissue nutrients as indicators of nitrogen and phosphorus stares in the Florida Keys. Journal of Phycology 36:28.
    • (2000) Journal of Phycology , vol.36 , pp. 28
    • Hanisak, M.D.1    Siemon, L.W.2
  • 58
    • 0000402695 scopus 로고
    • Reproduction, dispersal and recruitment of scleractinian corals
    • Z. Dubinsky (ed.). Elsevier, New York
    • Harrison, P. L. and C. C. Wallace. 1990. Reproduction, dispersal and recruitment of scleractinian corals, p. 133-208. In Z. Dubinsky (ed.), Ecosystems of the World Volume 25: Coral Reefs. Elsevier, New York.
    • (1990) Ecosystems of the World Volume 25: Coral Reefs , vol.25 , pp. 133-208
    • Harrison, P.L.1    Wallace, C.C.2
  • 60
    • 0000076774 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal and spatial variation in dissolved inorganic nitrogen in One Tree Reef lagoon
    • E. D. Gomez et al. (eds.). Marine Sciences Center, University of Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines
    • Hatcher, A. I. and B. G. Hatcher. 1981. Seasonal and spatial variation in dissolved inorganic nitrogen in One Tree Reef lagoon. In E. D. Gomez et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the 4th International Coral Reef Symposium 1:419-424. Marine Sciences Center, University of Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines.
    • (1981) Proceedings of the 4th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.1 , pp. 419-424
    • Hatcher, A.I.1    Hatcher, B.G.2
  • 61
    • 0001658048 scopus 로고
    • A maritime accident provides evidence for alternate stable states in benthic communities on coral reefs
    • Hatcher, B. G. 1984. A maritime accident provides evidence for alternate stable states in benthic communities on coral reefs. Coral Reefs 3:199-204.
    • (1984) Coral Reefs , vol.3 , pp. 199-204
    • Hatcher, B.G.1
  • 62
    • 0024219268 scopus 로고
    • Coral reef primary productivity: A beggar's banquet
    • Hatcher, B. G. 1988. Coral reef primary productivity: A beggar's banquet. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 3:106-111.
    • (1988) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.3 , pp. 106-111
    • Hatcher, B.G.1
  • 63
    • 0025262729 scopus 로고
    • Coral reef primary productivity: A hierarchy of pattern and process
    • Hatcher, B. G. 1990. Coral reef primary productivity: A hierarchy of pattern and process. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 5:149-155.
    • (1990) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.5 , pp. 149-155
    • Hatcher, B.G.1
  • 64
    • 1642561497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coral reef ecosystems: How much greater is the whole than the sum of the parts?
    • Hatcher, B. G. 1997. Coral reef ecosystems: How much greater is the whole than the sum of the parts? Coral Reefs 16:S77-S91.
    • (1997) Coral Reefs , vol.16
    • Hatcher, B.G.1
  • 66
    • 0037838644 scopus 로고
    • An experimental analysis of factors controlling the standing crop of the epilithic algal community on a coral reef
    • Hatcher, B. G. and A. W. D. Larkum. 1983. An experimental analysis of factors controlling the standing crop of the epilithic algal community on a coral reef. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 69:61-84.
    • (1983) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 61-84
    • Hatcher, B.G.1    Larkum, A.W.D.2
  • 67
    • 0021547664 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of fish and urchin grazing on Caribbean coral reefs: Are previous results typical?
    • Hay, M. E. 1984. Patterns of fish and urchin grazing on Caribbean coral reefs: Are previous results typical? Ecology 65:446-454.
    • (1984) Ecology , vol.65 , pp. 446-454
    • Hay, M.E.1
  • 68
    • 0002692042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ecology and evolution of seaweed-herbivore interactions on coral reefs
    • Hay, M. E. 1997. The ecology and evolution of seaweed-herbivore interactions on coral reefs. Coral Reefs 16:S67-S76.
    • (1997) Coral Reefs , vol.16
    • Hay, M.E.1
  • 69
    • 0000068483 scopus 로고
    • Reproduction by fragmentation in corals
    • Highsmith, R. C. 1982. Reproduction by fragmentation in corals. Marine Ecology Progress Series 7:207-226.
    • (1982) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.7 , pp. 207-226
    • Highsmith, R.C.1
  • 70
    • 0001882203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of reef fishes on corals and algae
    • C. Birkeland (ed.). Chapman and Hall, New York
    • Hixon, M. A. 1997. Effects of reef fishes on corals and algae, p. 230-248. In C. Birkeland (ed.), Life and Death of Coral Reefs. Chapman and Hall, New York.
    • (1997) Life and Death of Coral Reefs , pp. 230-248
    • Hixon, M.A.1
  • 71
    • 0033398116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change, coral bleaching and the future of the world's coral reefs
    • Hoegh-Guldberg, O. 1999. Climate change, coral bleaching and the future of the world's coral reefs. Marine Freshwater Research 50:839-866.
    • (1999) Marine Freshwater Research , vol.50 , pp. 839-866
    • Hoegh-Guldberg, O.1
  • 72
    • 0024899085 scopus 로고
    • The effect of sudden changes in temperature, light and salinity on the population density and export of zooxanthellae from the reef corals Stylophora pistillata Esper and Seriatopora hystrix Dana
    • Hoegh-Guldberg, O. and G. J. Smith. 1989. The effect of sudden changes in temperature, light and salinity on the population density and export of zooxanthellae from the reef corals Stylophora pistillata Esper and Seriatopora hystrix Dana. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology 129:279-303.
    • (1989) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology , vol.129 , pp. 279-303
    • Hoegh-Guldberg, O.1    Smith, G.J.2
  • 73
    • 0001261137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of long-term nutrient enrichment on coral calcification and growth
    • H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.). Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
    • Hoegh-Guldberg, O., M. Tabayashi, and G. Moreno. 1997. The impact of long-term nutrient enrichment on coral calcification and growth. In H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama City, Panama 1:861-866. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama City, Panama , vol.1 , pp. 861-866
    • Hoegh-Guldberg, O.1    Tabayashi, M.2    Moreno, G.3
  • 74
    • 0028668118 scopus 로고
    • An assessment of the status of the coral reefs of Papua, New Guinea
    • Huber, M. E. 1994. An assessment of the status of the coral reefs of Papua, New Guinea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 29:69-73.
    • (1994) Marine Pollution Bulletin , vol.29 , pp. 69-73
    • Huber, M.E.1
  • 75
    • 0028162085 scopus 로고
    • Catastrophes, phase shifts, and large-scale degradation of a Caribbean coral reef
    • Hughes, T. P. 1994. Catastrophes, phase shifts, and large-scale degradation of a Caribbean coral reef. Science 265:1547-1551.
    • (1994) Science , vol.265 , pp. 1547-1551
    • Hughes, T.P.1
  • 79
    • 0028668117 scopus 로고
    • The current status of coral reef management in French Polynesia
    • Hutchings, P., C. Payri, and C. Gabrié. 1994. The current status of coral reef management in French Polynesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 29:26-33.
    • (1994) Marine Pollution Bulletin , vol.29 , pp. 26-33
    • Hutchings, P.1    Payri, C.2    Gabrié, C.3
  • 82
    • 77956835351 scopus 로고
    • Pollution and degradation of coral reef communities
    • E. J. F. Wood and R. E. Johannes (eds.), Tropical Marine Pollution. Elservier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • Johannes, R. E. 1975. Pollution and degradation of coral reef communities, p. 13-51. In E. J. F. Wood and R. E. Johannes (eds.), Tropical Marine Pollution. Elsevier Oceanography Series 12. Elservier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    • (1975) Elsevier Oceanography Series , vol.12 , pp. 13-51
    • Johannes, R.E.1
  • 85
    • 0029478422 scopus 로고
    • Carbon flux on coral reefs: Effects of large shifts in community structure
    • Johnson, C., D. Klumpp, J. Field, and R. Bradbury. 1995. Carbon flux on coral reefs: Effects of large shifts in community structure. Marine Ecology Progress Series 126:123-143.
    • (1995) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.126 , pp. 123-143
    • Johnson, C.1    Klumpp, D.2    Field, J.3    Bradbury, R.4
  • 86
    • 0001592664 scopus 로고
    • Results of the United States-Israel workshop, "Nutrient limitation in the symbiotic association between zooxanthellae and reef-building corals."
    • Jokiel, P. L., Z. Dubinsky, and N. Stambler. 1994. Results of the United States-Israel workshop, "Nutrient limitation in the symbiotic association between zooxanthellae and reef-building corals." Pacific Science 48:215-218.
    • (1994) Pacific Science , vol.48 , pp. 215-218
    • Jokiel, P.L.1    Dubinsky, Z.2    Stambler, N.3
  • 87
    • 0000224091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enriched nutrients and thier impact on bioerosion
    • H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.). Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
    • Kiene, W. E. 1997. Enriched nutrients and thier impact on bioerosion. In H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium 1:897-902. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.1 , pp. 897-902
    • Kiene, W.E.1
  • 88
    • 0000602578 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism, calcification and carbon production. I. Systems level studies
    • B. Salvat (ed.). Antenne Museum-Ephe, Moorea, French Polynesia
    • Kinsey, D. W. 1985. Metabolism, calcification and carbon production. I. Systems level studies. In B. Salvat (ed.), Proceedings of the 5th International Coral Reef Symposium 4:505-526. Antenne Museum-Ephe, Moorea, French Polynesia.
    • (1985) Proceedings of the 5th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.4 , pp. 505-526
    • Kinsey, D.W.1
  • 89
    • 0018698481 scopus 로고
    • Effects of elevated nitrogen and phosphorus on coral reef growth
    • Kinsey, D. W. and P. J. Davies. 1979. Effects of elevated nitrogen and phosphorus on coral reef growth. Limnology and Oceanography 24:935-939.
    • (1979) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.24 , pp. 935-939
    • Kinsey, D.W.1    Davies, P.J.2
  • 90
    • 0001814576 scopus 로고
    • Effects of fertilization on a coral reef environment - Primary production studies
    • A. M. Cameron, B. M. Campbell, A. B. Cribb, R. Endean, J. S. Jell, O. A. Jones, P. Mather, and F. H. Talbot (eds.). Great Barrier Reef Committee, Brisbane, Australia
    • Kinsey, D. W. and A. Domm. 1974. Effects of fertilization on a coral reef environment-Primary production studies. In A. M. Cameron, B. M. Campbell, A. B. Cribb, R. Endean, J. S. Jell, O. A. Jones, P. Mather, and F. H. Talbot (eds.), Proceedings of the 2nd Internatational Coral Reef Symposium. Great Barrier Reef Committee, Brisbane, Australia 1:49-66.
    • (1974) Proceedings of the 2nd Internatational Coral Reef Symposium , vol.1 , pp. 49-66
    • Kinsey, D.W.1    Domm, A.2
  • 93
    • 0000747874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separating biological and physical changes in dissolved oxygen concentration in a coral reef
    • Kraines, S., Y. Suzuki, K. Yamada, and H. Komiyama. 1996. Separating biological and physical changes in dissolved oxygen concentration in a coral reef. Limnology and Oceanography 41:1790-1799.
    • (1996) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.41 , pp. 1790-1799
    • Kraines, S.1    Suzuki, Y.2    Yamada, K.3    Komiyama, H.4
  • 94
    • 0000395142 scopus 로고
    • Coral growth: Alizarin method
    • D. R. Stoddart and R. E. Johannes (eds.), Coral Reefs: Research Methods. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris, France
    • Lamberts, A. E. 1978. Coral growth: Alizarin method, p. 523-527. In D. R. Stoddart and R. E. Johannes (eds.), Coral Reefs: Research Methods. UNESCO Monograph Oceanographic Method, Volume 5. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris, France.
    • (1978) UNESCO Monograph Oceanographic Method , vol.5 , pp. 523-527
    • Lamberts, A.E.1
  • 95
    • 0009189183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient thresholds for eutrophication and macroalgal overgrowth of coral reefs in Jamaica and Southeast Florida
    • Lapointe, B. 1997. Nutrient thresholds for eutrophication and macroalgal overgrowth of coral reefs in Jamaica and southeast Florida. Limnology and Oceanography 42:1119-1131.
    • (1997) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.42 , pp. 1119-1131
    • Lapointe, B.1
  • 96
    • 0001579330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous top-down and bottom-up forces control macroalgal blooms on coral reefs
    • Lapointe, B. 1999. Simultaneous top-down and bottom-up forces control macroalgal blooms on coral reefs. Limnology and Oceanography 44:1586-1592.
    • (1999) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.44 , pp. 1586-1592
    • Lapointe, B.1
  • 97
    • 0027046976 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient inputs from the watershed and coastal eutrophication in the Florida Keys
    • Lapointe, B. E. and M. W. Clark. 1992. Nutrient inputs from the watershed and coastal eutrophication in the Florida Keys. Estuaries 15:465-476.
    • (1992) Estuaries , vol.15 , pp. 465-476
    • Lapointe, B.E.1    Clark, M.W.2
  • 98
    • 0029669764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of stormwater nutrient discharges on eutrophication processes in nearshore waters of the Florida Keys
    • Lapointe, B. E. and W. R. Matzie. 1996. Effects of stormwater nutrient discharges on eutrophication processes in nearshore waters of the Florida Keys. Estuaries 19:422-435.
    • (1996) Estuaries , vol.19 , pp. 422-435
    • Lapointe, B.E.1    Matzie, W.R.2
  • 99
    • 0001379480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ENCORE, algal productivity and possible paradigm shifts
    • H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.). Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
    • Larkum, A. W. D. and K. Koop. 1997. ENCORE, algal productivity and possible paradigm shifts. In H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium 1:881-884. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.1 , pp. 881-884
    • Larkum, A.W.D.1    Koop, K.2
  • 100
    • 0028668110 scopus 로고
    • ENCORE: The effect of nutrient enrichment on coral reefs: 1. Experimental design and research programme
    • Larkum, A. W. D. and A. D. L. Steven. 1994. ENCORE: The effect of nutrient enrichment on coral reefs: 1. Experimental design and research programme. Marine Pollution Bulletin 29:112-120.
    • (1994) Marine Pollution Bulletin , vol.29 , pp. 112-120
    • Larkum, A.W.D.1    Steven, A.D.L.2
  • 101
    • 0031754743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen- versus phosphorus-limited growth and sources of nutrients for coral reef macroalgae
    • Larned, S. 1998. Nitrogen- versus phosphorus-limited growth and sources of nutrients for coral reef macroalgae. Marine Biology 132:409-421.
    • (1998) Marine Biology , vol.132 , pp. 409-421
    • Larned, S.1
  • 102
    • 0030302733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen-limited growth in the coral reef chlorophyte Dictyosphaeria cavernosa and the effect of exposure to sediment-derived nitrogen on growth
    • Larned, S. and J. Stimson. 1996. Nitrogen-limited growth in the coral reef chlorophyte Dictyosphaeria cavernosa and the effect of exposure to sediment-derived nitrogen on growth. Marine Ecology Progress Series 145:95-108.
    • (1996) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.145 , pp. 95-108
    • Larned, S.1    Stimson, J.2
  • 103
    • 0004071678 scopus 로고
    • John Wiley and Sons, New York
    • Laws, E. A. 1992. Aquatic Pollution. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
    • (1992) Aquatic Pollution
    • Laws, E.A.1
  • 104
    • 0028585480 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the Tortugas gyre and its influence on recruitment in the Florida Keys
    • Lee, T. N., M. E. Clarke, E. Williams, A. M. Szmant, and T. Berger. 1994. Evolution of the Tortugas gyre and its influence on recruitment in the Florida Keys. Bulletin of Marine Science 54:621-646.
    • (1994) Bulletin of Marine Science , vol.54 , pp. 621-646
    • Lee, T.N.1    Clarke, M.E.2    Williams, E.3    Szmant, A.M.4    Berger, T.5
  • 105
    • 0027077187 scopus 로고
    • Influence of Florida current, gyres and wind-driven circulation on larval transport and recruitment in the Florida Keys coral reefs
    • Lee, T. N., C. Rooth, E. Williams, M. McGowan, A. M. Szmant, and M. E. Clarke. 1992. Influence of Florida current, gyres and wind-driven circulation on larval transport and recruitment in the Florida Keys coral reefs. Continental Shelf Research 12:971-1002.
    • (1992) Continental Shelf Research , vol.12 , pp. 971-1002
    • Lee, T.N.1    Rooth, C.2    Williams, E.3    McGowan, M.4    Szmant, A.M.5    Clarke, M.E.6
  • 106
    • 0033152609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting high-frequency upwelling: Spatial and temporal patterns of temperature anomalies on a Florida coral reef
    • Leichter, J. J. and S. L. Miller. 1999. Predicting high-frequency upwelling: Spatial and temporal patterns of temperature anomalies on a Florida coral reef. Continental Shelf Research 19:911-928.
    • (1999) Continental Shelf Research , vol.19 , pp. 911-928
    • Leichter, J.J.1    Miller, S.L.2
  • 107
    • 0001138058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulsed delivery of sub-thermocline water to Conch Reef, Florida Keys by internal tidal bores
    • Leichter, J. J., S. R. Wing, S. L. Miller, and M. W. Denny. 1996. Pulsed delivery of sub-thermocline water to Conch Reef, Florida Keys by internal tidal bores. Limnology and Oceanography 41:1490-1501.
    • (1996) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.41 , pp. 1490-1501
    • Leichter, J.J.1    Wing, S.R.2    Miller, S.L.3    Denny, M.W.4
  • 108
    • 0024187945 scopus 로고
    • Mass mortality of Diadema antillarum in the Caribbean: What have we learned?
    • Lessios, H. A. 1988. Mass mortality of Diadema antillarum in the Caribbean: What have we learned? Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 19:371-393.
    • (1988) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , vol.19 , pp. 371-393
    • Lessios, H.A.1
  • 109
    • 0000022246 scopus 로고
    • Experimental tests of suspension feeding in Atlantic reef corals
    • Lewis, J. B. 1976. Experimental tests of suspension feeding in Atlantic reef corals. Marine Biology 36:147-150.
    • (1976) Marine Biology , vol.36 , pp. 147-150
    • Lewis, J.B.1
  • 110
    • 0000906643 scopus 로고
    • Processes of organic production on coral reefs
    • Lewis, J. B. 1977. Processes of organic production on coral reefs. Biological Reviews 52:305-347.
    • (1977) Biological Reviews , vol.52 , pp. 305-347
    • Lewis, J.B.1
  • 111
    • 0000535870 scopus 로고
    • The role of herbivorous fishes in the organization of a Caribbean reef community
    • Lewis, S. M. 1986. The role of herbivorous fishes in the organization of a Caribbean reef community. Ecological Monographs 56:183-200.
    • (1986) Ecological Monographs , vol.56 , pp. 183-200
    • Lewis, S.M.1
  • 112
    • 46149134789 scopus 로고
    • Changes in benthic community composition following the mass mortality of Diadema at Jamaica
    • Liddell, W. D. and S. L. Ohlhorst. 1986. Changes in benthic community composition following the mass mortality of Diadema at Jamaica. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology 95:271-278.
    • (1986) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology , vol.95 , pp. 271-278
    • Liddell, W.D.1    Ohlhorst, S.L.2
  • 113
    • 0035110015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 1997/1998 mass mortality of corals: Effects on fish communities on a Tanzanian coral reef
    • Lindahl, U., M. C. Ohman, and C. K. Scheltens. 2001. The 1997/1998 mass mortality of corals: Effects on fish communities on a Tanzanian coral reef. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42:127-131.
    • (2001) Marine Pollution Bulletin , vol.42 , pp. 127-131
    • Lindahl, U.1    Ohman, M.C.2    Scheltens, C.K.3
  • 114
    • 0033865979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal dynamics of macroalgal communities of the Northern Florida reef tract
    • Lirman, D. and P. Biber. 2000. Seasonal dynamics of macroalgal communities of the northern Florida reef tract. Botanica Marina 43:305-314.
    • (2000) Botanica Marina , vol.43 , pp. 305-314
    • Lirman, D.1    Biber, P.2
  • 115
    • 0000266239 scopus 로고
    • Models of tropical reef biogenesis: The contribution of algae
    • Littler, M. M. and D. S. Littler. 1984. Models of tropical reef biogenesis: The contribution of algae. Progress in Phycological Research 3:323-364.
    • (1984) Progress in Phycological Research , vol.3 , pp. 323-364
    • Littler, M.M.1    Littler, D.S.2
  • 117
    • 0033520762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of lowered pH and elevated nitrate on coral calcification
    • Marubini, F. and M. J. Atkinson. 1999. Effects of lowered pH and elevated nitrate on coral calcification. Marine Ecology Progress Series 188:117-121.
    • (1999) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.188 , pp. 117-121
    • Marubini, F.1    Atkinson, M.J.2
  • 118
    • 0030301761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrate increases zooxanthellae population density and reduces skeletonogenesis in corals
    • Marubini, F. and P. S. Davies. 1996. Nitrate increases zooxanthellae population density and reduces skeletonogenesis in corals. Marine Biology 127:319-328.
    • (1996) Marine Biology , vol.127 , pp. 319-328
    • Marubini, F.1    Davies, P.S.2
  • 119
    • 0032950019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bicarbonate addition promotes coral growth
    • Marubini, F. and B. Thake. 1999. Bicarbonate addition promotes coral growth. Limnology and Oceanography 44:716-720.
    • (1999) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.44 , pp. 716-720
    • Marubini, F.1    Thake, B.2
  • 120
    • 0028993524 scopus 로고
    • A coral reef ecosystem-fisheries model: Impacts of fishing intensity and catch selection on reef structure and processes
    • McClanahan, T. R. 1995. A coral reef ecosystem-fisheries model: Impacts of fishing intensity and catch selection on reef structure and processes. Ecological Modelling 80:1-19.
    • (1995) Ecological Modelling , vol.80 , pp. 1-19
    • McClanahan, T.R.1
  • 121
    • 0033948218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bleaching damage and recovery potential of Maldivian coral reefs
    • McClanahan, T. R. 2000. Bleaching damage and recovery potential of Maldivian coral reefs. Marine Pollution Bulletin 40:587-597.
    • (2000) Marine Pollution Bulletin , vol.40 , pp. 587-597
    • McClanahan, T.R.1
  • 122
    • 0024199327 scopus 로고
    • Changes in Kenyan coral reef community structure and function due to exploitation
    • McClanahan, T. R. and N. A. Muthiga. 1988. Changes in Kenyan coral reef community structure and function due to exploitation. Hydrobiologia 166:269-276.
    • (1988) Hydrobiologia , vol.166 , pp. 269-276
    • Mcclanahan, T.R.1    Muthiga, N.A.2
  • 123
    • 0031803235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An ecological shift in a remote coral reef atoll of Belize over 25 years
    • McLanahan, T. R. and N. A. Muthiga. 1998. An ecological shift in a remote coral reef atoll of Belize over 25 years. Environmental Conservation 25:122-130.
    • (1998) Environmental Conservation , vol.25 , pp. 122-130
    • Mclanahan, T.R.1    Muthiga, N.A.2
  • 124
    • 0035005572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coral and algal changes after the 1998 coral bleaching: Interaction with reef management and herbivores on Kenyan reefs
    • McClanahan, T. R., N. A. Muthiga, and S. Mangi. 2001. Coral and algal changes after the 1998 coral bleaching: Interaction with reef management and herbivores on Kenyan reefs. Coral Reefs 19:380-391.
    • (2001) Coral Reefs , vol.19 , pp. 380-391
    • McClanahan, T.R.1    Muthiga, N.A.2    Mangi, S.3
  • 127
    • 0025669284 scopus 로고
    • Causes and consequences of sea urchin abundance and diversity in Kenyan coral reef lagoons
    • McClanahan, T. R. and S. H. Shafir. 1990. Causes and consequences of sea urchin abundance and diversity in Kenyan coral reef lagoons. Oecologia 83:362-370.
    • (1990) Oecologia , vol.83 , pp. 362-370
    • McClanahan, T.R.1    Shafir, S.H.2
  • 128
    • 0032715938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macroalgae, nutrients and phase shifts on coral reefs: Scientific issues and management consequences for the Great Barrier Reef
    • McCook, L. J. 1999. Macroalgae, nutrients and phase shifts on coral reefs: Scientific issues and management consequences for the Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs 18:1-11.
    • (1999) Coral Reefs , vol.18 , pp. 1-11
    • McCook, L.J.1
  • 129
    • 0035006291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competition between corals and algal turfs along a gradient of terrestrial influence in the nearshore central Great Barrier Reef
    • McCook, L. J. 2001. Competition between corals and algal turfs along a gradient of terrestrial influence in the nearshore central Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs 19:419-425.
    • (2001) Coral Reefs , vol.19 , pp. 419-425
    • McCook, L.J.1
  • 130
    • 0035016990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competition between corals and algae on coral reefs: A review of evidence and mechanisms
    • McCook, L. J., J. Jompa, and G. Diaz-Pulido. 2001. Competition between corals and algae on coral reefs: A review of evidence and mechanisms. Coral Reefs 19:400-417.
    • (2001) Coral Reefs , vol.19 , pp. 400-417
    • McCook, L.J.1    Jompa, J.2    Diaz-Pulido, G.3
  • 131
    • 0000196582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macroalgal distributions on the Great Barrier Reef: A review of patterns and causes
    • November 1996, James Cook University Press, Townsville, Australia
    • McCook, L. J. and I. R. Price. 1997. Macroalgal distributions on the Great Barrier Reef: A review of patterns and causes, Volume 2:37-46. Proceedings of the Great Barrier Reef Conference, November 1996, James Cook University Press, Townsville, Australia.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the Great Barrier Reef Conference , vol.2 , pp. 37-46
    • McCook, L.J.1    Price, I.R.2
  • 132
    • 0000196580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macroalgae on the Great Barrier Reef: Causes or consequences, indicators or models of reef degradation?
    • H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.). Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
    • McCook, L. J., I. R. Price, and D. W. Klump. 1997. Macroalgae on the Great Barrier Reef: Causes or consequences, indicators or models of reef degradation? In H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium 2:1851-1856. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.2 , pp. 1851-1856
    • McCook, L.J.1    Price, I.R.2    Klump, D.W.3
  • 134
    • 0002155009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coral/seaweed competition and the control of reef community structure within and between latitudes
    • Miller, M. W. 1998. Coral/seaweed competition and the control of reef community structure within and between latitudes. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review 36:65-96.
    • (1998) Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review , vol.36 , pp. 65-96
    • Miller, M.W.1
  • 135
    • 0032740037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of nutrients versus herbivores on reef algae: A new method for manipulating nutrients on coral reefs
    • Miller, M. W., M. E. Hay, S. L. Miller, D. Malone, E. E. Sotka, and A. M. Szmant. 1999. Effects of nutrients versus herbivores on reef algae: A new method for manipulating nutrients on coral reefs. Limnology and Oceanography 44:1847-1861.
    • (1999) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.44 , pp. 1847-1861
    • Miller, M.W.1    Hay, M.E.2    Miller, S.L.3    Malone, D.4    Sotka, E.E.5    Szmant, A.M.6
  • 136
    • 0033852008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coral recruitment and juvenile mortality as structuring factors for reef benthic communities in Biscayne National Park, USA
    • Miller, M. W., E. Weil, and A. M. Szmant. 2000. Coral recruitment and juvenile mortality as structuring factors for reef benthic communities in Biscayne National Park, USA. Coral Reefs 19:115-123.
    • (2000) Coral Reefs , vol.19 , pp. 115-123
    • Miller, M.W.1    Weil, E.2    Szmant, A.M.3
  • 137
    • 0033566547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Métabolisme du carbone, des carbonates et des sels nutritifs en saison chaide, sur un récif frangeant soumis à une pression anthropique (île de la Réunion, océan Indien)
    • Mioche, D. and P. Cuet. 1999. Métabolisme du carbone, des carbonates et des sels nutritifs en saison chaide, sur un récif frangeant soumis à une pression anthropique (île de la Réunion, océan Indien). Compté Rendu Académie Sciences de Paris, Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes 329:53-59.
    • (1999) Compté Rendu Académie Sciences de Paris, Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes , vol.329 , pp. 53-59
    • Mioche, D.1    Cuet, P.2
  • 138
    • 0024200350 scopus 로고
    • Comparing fish and urchin grazing in deep and shallow coral reef algal communities
    • Morrison, D. 1988. Comparing fish and urchin grazing in deep and shallow coral reef algal communities. Ecology 69:1367-1382.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 1367-1382
    • Morrison, D.1
  • 139
    • 0028668113 scopus 로고
    • Hong Kong's coral communities: Status, threats and management plans
    • Morton, B. 1994. Hong Kong's coral communities: Status, threats and management plans. Marine Pollution Bulletin 29:74-83.
    • (1994) Marine Pollution Bulletin , vol.29 , pp. 74-83
    • Morton, B.1
  • 140
    • 0027870694 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal responses of a fringing reef community to eutrophication (Reunion Island, Western Indian Ocean)
    • Naim, O. 1993. Seasonal responses of a fringing reef community to eutrophication (Reunion Island, Western Indian Ocean). Marine Ecology Progress Series 99:137-151.
    • (1993) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.99 , pp. 137-151
    • Naim, O.1
  • 142
    • 84947146818 scopus 로고
    • Coastal marine eutrophication: A definition, social causes and future concerns
    • Nixon, S. W. 1995. Coastal marine eutrophication: A definition, social causes and future concerns. Ophelia 41:199-219.
    • (1995) Ophelia , vol.41 , pp. 199-219
    • Nixon, S.W.1
  • 143
    • 0001146901 scopus 로고
    • Trophic structure and productivity of a windward coral reef community on Eniwetok Atoll
    • Odum, H. T. and E. P. Odum. 1955. Trophic structure and productivity of a windward coral reef community on Eniwetok Atoll. Ecological Monographs 25:291-320.
    • (1955) Ecological Monographs , vol.25 , pp. 291-320
    • Odum, H.T.1    Odum, E.P.2
  • 145
    • 0001096140 scopus 로고
    • Effects of sewage pollution on coral reef communities
    • PASTOROK, R. A. AND G. R. BILYARD. 1985. Effects of sewage pollution on coral reef communities. Marine Ecology Progress Series 21:175-189.
    • (1985) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.21 , pp. 175-189
    • Pastorok, R.A.1    Bilyard, G.R.2
  • 146
    • 0028976827 scopus 로고
    • Viral tracer studies indicate contamination of marine waters by sewage disposal practices in Key Largo, Florida
    • Paul, J. H., J. B. Rose, J. Brown, E. A. Shinn, S. Miller, and S. Farrah. 1995. Viral tracer studies indicate contamination of marine waters by sewage disposal practices in Key Largo, Florida. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 61:2230-2234.
    • (1995) Applied and Environmental Microbiology , vol.61 , pp. 2230-2234
    • Paul, J.H.1    Rose, J.B.2    Brown, J.3    Shinn, E.A.4    Miller, S.5    Farrah, S.6
  • 147
    • 0001321461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Productivity plays a major role in determining atoll life and form: Tarawa, Kiribati
    • H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.). Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
    • Pauley, G. 1997. Productivity plays a major role in determining atoll life and form: Tarawa, Kiribati. In H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium 1:483-488. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.1 , pp. 483-488
    • Pauley, G.1
  • 148
    • 0000185736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coral reef metabolism in the Indo-Pacific: The broader picture
    • H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.). Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
    • Pichon, M. 1997. Coral reef metabolism in the Indo-Pacific: The broader picture. In H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium 1:977-980. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.1 , pp. 977-980
    • Pichon, M.1
  • 149
    • 0028563686 scopus 로고
    • An investigation of near-bottom flow patterns along and across Hawk Channel, Florida Keys
    • Pitts, P. A. 1994. An investigation of near-bottom flow patterns along and across Hawk Channel, Florida Keys. Bulletin of Marine Science 54:610-620.
    • (1994) Bulletin of Marine Science , vol.54 , pp. 610-620
    • Pitts, P.A.1
  • 150
    • 0027036187 scopus 로고
    • Quantification of loss and change in Floridian reef coral populations
    • Porter, J. W. and O. W. Meier. 1992. Quantification of loss and change in Floridian reef coral populations. American Zoologist 32:625-640.
    • (1992) American Zoologist , vol.32 , pp. 625-640
    • Porter, J.W.1    Meier, O.W.2
  • 151
    • 0028995415 scopus 로고
    • Effects of fishing on the ecosystem structure of coral reefs
    • Roberts, C. M. 1995. Effects of fishing on the ecosystem structure of coral reefs. Conservation Biology 9:988-995.
    • (1995) Conservation Biology , vol.9 , pp. 988-995
    • Roberts, C.M.1
  • 152
    • 84986790251 scopus 로고
    • The productivity, of San Cristobal Reef, Puerto Rico
    • Rogers, C. S. 1979. The productivity, of San Cristobal Reef, Puerto Rico. Limnology and Oceanography 24:342-349.
    • (1979) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.24 , pp. 342-349
    • Rogers, C.S.1
  • 153
    • 85112116342 scopus 로고
    • Responses of coral reefs and reef organisms to sedimentation
    • Rogers, C. S. 1990. Responses of coral reefs and reef organisms to sedimentation. Marine Ecology Progress Series 62:185-202.
    • (1990) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.62 , pp. 185-202
    • Rogers, C.S.1
  • 154
    • 0032744622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sediments as a possible source of food for corals
    • Rosenfeld, M., V. Bresler, and A. Abelson. 1999. Sediments as a possible source of food for corals. Ecology Letters 2:345-348.
    • (1999) Ecology Letters , vol.2 , pp. 345-348
    • Rosenfeld, M.1    Bresler, V.2    Abelson, A.3
  • 155
    • 0027388468 scopus 로고
    • The endo-upwelling concept: From geothermal convection to reef construction
    • Rougerie, F. and B. Wauthy. 1993. The endo-upwelling concept: From geothermal convection to reef construction. Coral Reef 12:19-30.
    • (1993) Coral Reef , vol.12 , pp. 19-30
    • Rougerie, F.1    Wauthy, B.2
  • 156
    • 0001274681 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary assessment of the main causative mechanisms of the "island mass" effect of Barbados
    • Sander, F. 1981. A preliminary assessment of the main causative mechanisms of the "island mass" effect of Barbados. Marine Biology 64:199-205.
    • (1981) Marine Biology , vol.64 , pp. 199-205
    • Sander, F.1
  • 157
    • 0033546128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term nutrient pulses as tools to assess responses of coral reef macroalgae to enhanced nutrient availability
    • Schaffelke, B. 1999. Short-term nutrient pulses as tools to assess responses of coral reef macroalgae to enhanced nutrient availability. Marine Ecology Progress Series 182:305-310.
    • (1999) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.182 , pp. 305-310
    • Schaffelke, B.1
  • 158
    • 0032480254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term nutrient pulses enhance growth and photosynthesis of the coral reef macroalga Sargassum baccularia
    • Schaffelke, B. and D. W. Klump. 1998. Short-term nutrient pulses enhance growth and photosynthesis of the coral reef macroalga Sargassum baccularia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 170:95-105.
    • (1998) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.170 , pp. 95-105
    • Schaffelke, B.1    Klump, D.W.2
  • 159
    • 0030302970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the coral reefs of San Blas, Caribbean Panama: 1983 to 1990
    • Shulman, M. J. and D. R. Robertson. 1996. Changes in the coral reefs of San Blas, Caribbean Panama: 1983 to 1990. Coral Reefs 15:231-236.
    • (1996) Coral Reefs , vol.15 , pp. 231-236
    • Shulman, M.J.1    Robertson, D.R.2
  • 160
    • 0029502369 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient inputs from seabirds and humans on a populated coral cay
    • Smith, J. S. and C. R. Johnson. 1995. Nutrient inputs from seabirds and humans on a populated coral cay. Marine Ecology Progress Series 124:189-200.
    • (1995) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.124 , pp. 189-200
    • Smith, J.S.1    Johnson, C.R.2
  • 161
    • 0034999336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An experimental analysis of the effects of herbivory and nutrient enrichment on benthic community, dynamics on a Hawaiian reef
    • Smith, J. E., C. M. Smith, and C. L. Hunter. 2001. An experimental analysis of the effects of herbivory and nutrient enrichment on benthic community, dynamics on a Hawaiian reef. Coral Reefs 19:332-342.
    • (2001) Coral Reefs , vol.19 , pp. 332-342
    • Smith, J.E.1    Smith, C.M.2    Hunter, C.L.3
  • 162
    • 0000835994 scopus 로고
    • Upwelling in Atlantic shelf water off South Florida
    • Smith, N. P. 1982. Upwelling in Atlantic shelf water off South Florida. Florida Scientist 45:125-138.
    • (1982) Florida Scientist , vol.45 , pp. 125-138
    • Smith, N.P.1
  • 163
    • 0028599931 scopus 로고
    • Long-term Gulf-to-Atlantic transport through tidal channels in the Florida Keys
    • Smith, N. P. 1994. Long-term Gulf-to-Atlantic transport through tidal channels in the Florida Keys. Bulletin of Marine Science 54:602-609.
    • (1994) Bulletin of Marine Science , vol.54 , pp. 602-609
    • Smith, N.P.1
  • 164
    • 0011117982 scopus 로고
    • Net production of coral reef ecosystems
    • M. L. Reaka (ed.). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Undersea Research Program, Rockville, Maryland
    • Smith, S. V. 1983. Net production of coral reef ecosystems, p. 127-131. In M. L. Reaka (ed.), The Ecology, of Deep and Shallow Coral Reefs, Symposium Series Undersea Research. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Undersea Research Program, Rockville, Maryland.
    • (1983) The Ecology, of Deep and Shallow Coral Reefs, Symposium Series Undersea Research , pp. 127-131
    • Smith, S.V.1
  • 165
    • 0002354498 scopus 로고
    • Water composition and biogeochemical gradients in the Canton Atoll lagoon
    • Smith, S. V. and P. L. Jokiel. 1978. Water composition and biogeochemical gradients in the Canton Atoll lagoon. Atoll Research Bulletin 221:15-53.
    • (1978) Atoll Research Bulletin , vol.221 , pp. 15-53
    • Smith, S.V.1    Jokiel, P.L.2
  • 166
    • 0019735731 scopus 로고
    • Kaneohe Bay sewage diversion experiment: Perspectives on ecosystem responses to nutritional perturbation
    • Smith, S. V., W. J. Kimmerer, E. A. Laws, R. E. Brock, and T. W. Walsh. 1981. Kaneohe Bay sewage diversion experiment: Perspectives on ecosystem responses to nutritional perturbation. Pacific Science 35:279-385.
    • (1981) Pacific Science , vol.35 , pp. 279-385
    • Smith, S.V.1    Kimmerer, W.J.2    Laws, E.A.3    Brock, R.E.4    Walsh, T.W.5
  • 167
    • 0001289489 scopus 로고
    • Plankton in reef systems
    • Z. Dubinsky (ed.). Elsevier Science Publishing, New York
    • Sorokin, Y. I. 1990. Plankton in reef systems, p. 291-327. In Z. Dubinsky (ed.), Ecosystems of the World, Volume 25. Elsevier Science Publishing, New York.
    • (1990) Ecosystems of the World , vol.25 , pp. 291-327
    • Sorokin, Y.I.1
  • 168
    • 0026296531 scopus 로고
    • Effects of nutrient enrichment and water motion on the coral Pocillopora damicornis
    • Stambler, N., N. Popper, Z. Dubinsky, and J. stimson. 1991. Effects of nutrient enrichment and water motion on the coral Pocillopora damicornis. Pacific Science 45:299-307.
    • (1991) Pacific Science , vol.45 , pp. 299-307
    • Stambler, N.1    Popper, N.2    Dubinsky, Z.3    Stimson, J.4
  • 169
    • 0028163801 scopus 로고
    • A functional group approach to the structure of algal-dominated communities
    • Steneck, R. S. and M. N. Dethier. 1994. A functional group approach to the structure of algal-dominated communities. Oikos 69:476-498.
    • (1994) Oikos , vol.69 , pp. 476-498
    • Steneck, R.S.1    Dethier, M.N.2
  • 170
    • 0001387943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and metabolic responses of Acropora palifera to long term nutrient enrichment
    • H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.). Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
    • Steven, A. D. L. and A. D. Broadbent. 1997. Growth and metabolic responses of Acropora palifera to long term nutrient enrichment. In H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium 1:867-872. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.1 , pp. 867-872
    • Steven, A.D.L.1    Broadbent, A.D.2
  • 172
    • 0034692572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen efflux from the sediments of a subtropical bay and the potential contribution to macroalgal nutrient requirements
    • Stimson, J. and S. T. Larned. 2000. Nitrogen efflux from the sediments of a subtropical bay and the potential contribution to macroalgal nutrient requirements. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 252:159-180.
    • (2000) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , vol.252 , pp. 159-180
    • Stimson, J.1    Larned, S.T.2
  • 173
    • 0035016623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of herbivory, nutrient levels, and introduced algae on the distribution and abundance of the invasive macroalga Dictyosphaeria cavernosa in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
    • Stimson, J., S. T. Larned, and E. Conklin. 2001. Effects of herbivory, nutrient levels, and introduced algae on the distribution and abundance of the invasive macroalga Dictyosphaeria cavernosa in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. Coral Reefs 19:343-357.
    • (2001) Coral Reefs , vol.19 , pp. 343-357
    • Stimson, J.1    Larned, S.T.2    Conklin, E.3
  • 174
    • 0001626443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient effects on coral reefs: The importance of topographic and trophic complexity on nutrient dynamics
    • H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.). Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
    • Szmant, A. M. 1997. Nutrient effects on coral reefs: The importance of topographic and trophic complexity on nutrient dynamics. In H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium 2:1527-1532. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.2 , pp. 1527-1532
    • Szmant, A.M.1
  • 175
    • 85047678136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water column and sediment nitrogen and phosphorus distribution patterns in the Florida Keys, USA
    • Szmant, A. M. and A. Forrester. 1996. Water column and sediment nitrogen and phosphorus distribution patterns in the Florida Keys, USA. Coral Reefs 15:21-41.
    • (1996) Coral Reefs , vol.15 , pp. 21-41
    • Szmant, A.M.1    Forrester, A.2
  • 176
    • 0000254349 scopus 로고
    • Functional aspects of nutrient cycles on coral reefs
    • M. L. Reaka (ed.). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Undersea Research Program, Rockville, Maryland
    • Szmant-Froelich, A. 1983. Functional aspects of nutrient cycles on coral reefs, 1:133-139. In M. L. Reaka (ed.), The Ecology of Deep and Shallow Coral Reefs, Symposium Series Undersea Research. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Undersea Research Program, Rockville, Maryland.
    • (1983) The Ecology of Deep and Shallow Coral Reefs, Symposium Series Undersea Research , vol.1 , pp. 133-139
    • Szmant-Froelich, A.1
  • 177
    • 0017816965 scopus 로고
    • Nutrition of algal-invertebrate symbiosis. II. Effects of exogenous nitrogen sources on growth, photosynthesis and the rate of excretion by algal symbionts in vivo and in vitro
    • Taylor, D. L. 1978. Nutrition of algal-invertebrate symbiosis. II. Effects of exogenous nitrogen sources on growth, photosynthesis and the rate of excretion by algal symbionts in vivo and in vitro. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 201:401-412.
    • (1978) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London , vol.201 , pp. 401-412
    • Taylor, D.L.1
  • 178
    • 0035012522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of herbivore exclusion and nutrient enrichment on coral reef macroalgae and cyanobacteria
    • Thacker, R. W., D. W. Ginsburg, and V. J. Paul. 2001. Effects of herbivore exclusion and nutrient enrichment on coral reef macroalgae and cyanobacteria. Coral Reefs 19:318-329.
    • (2001) Coral Reefs , vol.19 , pp. 318-329
    • Thacker, R.W.1    Ginsburg, D.W.2    Paul, V.J.3
  • 179
    • 0021858686 scopus 로고
    • Effects of eutrophication on reef building corals. I. Growth rate of the reef-building coral Montastrea annularis
    • Tomascik, T. and F. Sander. 1985. Effects of eutrophication on reef building corals. I. Growth rate of the reef-building coral Montastrea annularis. Marine Biology 87:143-155.
    • (1985) Marine Biology , vol.87 , pp. 143-155
    • Tomascik, T.1    Sander, F.2
  • 180
    • 34250098662 scopus 로고
    • Effects of eutrophication on reef building corals: II. Structure of scleractinian coral communities on fringing reefs, Barbados, W.I.
    • Tomascik, T. and F. Sander. 1987. Effects of eutrophication on reef building corals: II. Structure of scleractinian coral communities on fringing reefs, Barbados, W.I. Marine Biology 94:53-75.
    • (1987) Marine Biology , vol.94 , pp. 53-75
    • Tomascik, T.1    Sander, F.2
  • 181
    • 0002966439 scopus 로고
    • Deep ecology: Rescuing Florida's coral reefs
    • July-August
    • Torrance, D. C. 1991. Deep ecology: Rescuing Florida's coral reefs. Nature Conservancy July-August:9-17.
    • (1991) Nature Conservancy , pp. 9-17
    • Torrance, D.C.1
  • 182
    • 0011126427 scopus 로고
    • Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds by Continental Shelf Associates, Jupiter, Florida
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1992. Water quality protection program for the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Phase I Report. Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds by Continental Shelf Associates, Jupiter, Florida.
    • (1992) Water Quality Protection Program for the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Phase I Report
  • 183
    • 0032458668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of freshwater and terrigenous material on nutrients, bacteria and phytoplankton in a high island lagoon: Mayotte, Comoro Archipelago, Indian Ocean
    • Vacelet, E., A. Arnoux, B. A. Thomassin, and M. Travers. 1999. Influence of freshwater and terrigenous material on nutrients, bacteria and phytoplankton in a high island lagoon: Mayotte, Comoro Archipelago, Indian Ocean. Hydrobiologia 380:165-178.
    • (1999) Hydrobiologia , vol.380 , pp. 165-178
    • Vacelet, E.1    Arnoux, A.2    Thomassin, B.A.3    Travers, M.4
  • 184
    • 0020045651 scopus 로고
    • Coral death from sewage and phosphate pollution at Aqaba, Red Sea
    • Walker, D. I. and R. F. G. Ormond. 1982. Coral death from sewage and phosphate pollution at Aqaba, Red Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 13:21-25.
    • (1982) Marine Pollution Bulletin , vol.13 , pp. 21-25
    • Walker, D.I.1    Ormond, R.F.G.2
  • 185
    • 0000201945 scopus 로고
    • Florida's coral reefs are imperiled
    • Ward, F. 1990. Florida's coral reefs are imperiled. National Geographic 178:114-132.
    • (1990) National Geographic , vol.178 , pp. 114-132
    • Ward, F.1
  • 186
    • 0000483032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of elevated nutrient levels on settlement of coral larvae during the ENCORE experiment; Great Barrier Reef, Australia
    • H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.). Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
    • Ward, S. and P. Harrison. 1997. The effects of elevated nutrient levels on settlement of coral larvae during the ENCORE experiment; Great Barrier Reef, Australia. In H. A. Lessios and I. G. MacIntyre (eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium 1:891-896. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium , vol.1 , pp. 891-896
    • Ward, S.1    Harrison, P.2
  • 187
    • 0034607416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in gametogenesis and fecundity of acroporid corals that were exposed to elevated nitrogen and phosphorus during the ENCORE experiment
    • Ward, S. and P. Harrison. 2000. Changes in gametogenesis and fecundity of acroporid corals that were exposed to elevated nitrogen and phosphorus during the ENCORE experiment. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 246:179-221.
    • (2000) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , vol.246 , pp. 179-221
    • Ward, S.1    Harrison, P.2
  • 188
    • 0020935398 scopus 로고
    • Environmental influences on skeletal banding in Eastern Pacific (Panama) corals
    • Wellington, G. M. and P. W. Glynn. 1983. Environmental influences on skeletal banding in eastern Pacific (Panama) corals. Coral Reefs 1:215-222.
    • (1983) Coral Reefs , vol.1 , pp. 215-222
    • Wellington, G.M.1    Glynn, P.W.2
  • 190
    • 0002476126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 1997-1998 mass bleaching event around the world
    • C. Wilkinson (ed.). Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia
    • Wilkinson, C. 1998. The 1997-1998 mass bleaching event around the world, p. 15-38. In C. Wilkinson (ed.), Status of Coral Reefs of the World 1998. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia.
    • (1998) Status of Coral Reefs of the World 1998 , pp. 15-38
    • Wilkinson, C.1
  • 192
    • 0035010619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale associations between macroalgal cover and grazer biomass on mid-depth reefs in the Caribbean
    • Williams, I. D. and N. V. C. Polunin. 2001. Large-scale associations between macroalgal cover and grazer biomass on mid-depth reefs in the Caribbean. Coral Reefs 19:358-366.
    • (2001) Coral Reefs , vol.19 , pp. 358-366
    • Williams, I.D.1    Polunin, N.V.C.2
  • 193
    • 0035813987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limits to grazing by herbivorous fishes and the impact of low coral cover on macroalgal abundance on a coral reef in Belize
    • Williams, I. D., N. V. C. Polunin, and V. J. Hendrick. 2001. Limits to grazing by herbivorous fishes and the impact of low coral cover on macroalgal abundance on a coral reef in Belize. Marine Ecology Progress Series 222:187-196.
    • (2001) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.222 , pp. 187-196
    • Williams, I.D.1    Polunin, N.V.C.2    Hendrick, V.J.3
  • 194
    • 0027037923 scopus 로고
    • Effects of eutrophication and sedimentation on juvenile corals. I. Abundance, mortality, and community structure
    • Wittenburg, M. and W. Hunte. 1992. Effects of eutrophication and sedimentation on juvenile corals. I. Abundance, mortality, and community structure. Marine Biology 112:131-138.
    • (1992) Marine Biology , vol.112 , pp. 131-138
    • Wittenburg, M.1    Hunte, W.2
  • 195
    • 0032840401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sea urchins exert top-down control of macroalgae on Jamaican coral reefs (1)
    • Woodley, J. D. 1999. Sea urchins exert top-down control of macroalgae on Jamaican coral reefs (1). Coral Reefs 18:192.
    • (1999) Coral Reefs , vol.18 , pp. 192
    • Woodley, J.D.1
  • 196
    • 0028590068 scopus 로고
    • The status of coral reefs in South Western Pacific islands
    • Zann, L. P. 1994. The status of coral reefs in south western Pacific islands. Marine Pollution Bulletin 29:52-61.
    • (1994) Marine Pollution Bulletin , vol.29 , pp. 52-61
    • Zann, L.P.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.