Toxoplasma gondii and sex: Essential or optional extra?

Trends in Parasitology

Volumn 18, Issue 8, 2002, Pages 351-355

  Ferguson, David J P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

APICOMPLEXA; FERTILIZATION; GAMETE; INBREEDING; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; NONHUMAN; REPRODUCTION; REVIEW; SEX ALLOCATION; SEX RATIO; SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT; THEORY; TOXOPLASMA GONDII;

APICOMPLEXA; PROTOZOA; TOXOPLASMA GONDII;

EID: 0036698250     PISSN: 14714922     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (27)

1. Navia B.A., et al. Cerebral toxoplasmosis complicating the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: clinical and neuropathological findings in 27 patients. Ann. Neurol. 19:1986;224-238.
2. Johnston A.M. Speculation on possible life cycles for the clonal lineages in the genus Toxoplasma. Parasitol. Today. 13:1997;393-397.
3. Ferguson D.J.P., et al. Ultrastructural study of early stages of asexual multiplication and microgametogony of Toxoplasma gondii in the small intestine of the cat. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. 82:1974;167-181.
4. Ferguson D.J.P., et al. The ultrastructural development of the macrogamete and formation of the oocyst wall of Toxoplasma gondii. Acta Path. Microbiol. Scand. 83:1975;491-505.
5. West S.A., et al. Sex allocation and population structure in apicomplexan (protozoan) parasites. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B. 267:2000;257-263.
6. West S.A., et al. Evolution of gametocyte sex ratios in malaria and related apicomplexan (protozoan) parasites. Trends Parasitol. 17:2001;525-531.
7. Paul R.E.L., et al. Plasmodium sex determination and transmission to mosquitoes. Trends Parasitol. 18:2002;32-38.
8. Smith T.G., et al. Sexual differentiation and sex determination in the Apicomplexa. Trends Parasitol. 18:2002;315-323.
9. Paul R.E., et al. Sex determination in malaria parasites. Science. 287:2000;128-131.
10. Hamilton W.M. Extraordinary sex ratios. Science. 156:1967;477-488.
11. Charnov E.L. The Theory of Sex Allocation. 1982;Princeton University Press.
12. Paul R.E.L. Parasite sex determination. Lewis E.E., et al. The Behavioural Ecology of Parasites. 2002;199-222 CAB International.
13. Sibley L.D., Boothroyd J.C. Virulent strains of Toxoplasma gondii comprise a single clonal lineage. Nature. 359:1992;82-85.
14. Grigg M.E., et al. Success and virulence in Toxoplasma as the result of sexual recombination between two distinct ancestries. Science. 294:2001;161-165.
15. Read A.F., et al. Gametocyte sex ratios as indirect measures of outcrossing rates in malaria. Parasitology. 104:1992;387-396.
16. Reece S.E., Read A.F. Malaria sex ratios. Trends Ecol. Evol. 15:2000;259-260.
17. Ghosh A., et al. The journey of the malaria parasite in the mosquito: hopes for the new century. Parasitol. Today. 16:2000;196-201.
18. Vaughan J.A., et al. Population dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum sporogony in laboratory-infected Anopheles gambiae. J. Parasitol. 78:1992;716-724.
19. Vaughan J.A., et al. Sporogonic development of cultured Plasmodium falciparum in six species of laboratory-reared Anopheles mosquitoes. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 51:1994;233-243.
20. Taylor L.H., Read A.F. Why so few transmission stages? Reproductive restraint by malaria parasities. Parasitol. Today. 13:1997;135-140.
21. Lyimo E.O., Koella J.C. Relationship between body size of adult Anopheles gambiae s.l. and infection with the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitology. 104:1992;233-237.
22. Ponnudurai T., et al. Infectivity of cultured Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes to mosquitoes. Parasitology. 98:1989;165-173.
23. Paul R.E., et al. Sex ratio adjustment in Plasmodium gallinaceum. Parasitologia. 41:1999;153-158.
24. Tibayrenc M., et al. Are eukaryotic microorganisms clonal or sexual? A population genetics vantage. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 88:1991;5129-5133.
25. Sibley L.D., et al. Generation of a restriction fragment length polymorphism linkage map for Toxoplasma gondii. Genetics. 132:1992;1003-1015.
26. Pfefferkorn L.C., Pfefferkorn E.R. Toxoplasma gondii: genetic recombination between drug resistant mutants. Exp. Parasitol. 50:1980;305-316.
27. Pfefferkorn E.R., Kasper L.H. Toxoplasma gondii: genetic crosses reveal phenotypic suppression of hydroxyurea resistance by flurodeoxyuridine resistance. Exp. Parasitol. 55:1983;201-218.