The composition and sources of PM2.5 organic aerosol in two urban areas of Chile

Atmospheric Environment

Volumn 36, Issue 23, 2002, Pages 3851-3863

  Tsapakis, Manolis ^a   Lagoudaki, Evaggelia ^a   Stephanou, Euripides G ^a   Kavouras, Ilias G ^b   Koutrakis, Petros ^b   Oyola, Pedro ^c   Von Baer, Dietrich ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CRETE   (Greece)

^b HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^c Región Metropolitana ^*  (Chile)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CONCEPCIÓN   (Chile)

Author keywords

Charcoal denuder; Cluster analysis; n alk 1 enes; Organic aerosol; Oxygenated polynuclear aromatic compounds; PM2.5; Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons

Indexed keywords

AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; CHARCOAL; DIFFUSION; MIXTURES;

MOLECULAR MARKERS;

AEROSOLS;

1,4 NAPHTHOQUINONE DERIVATIVE; ACENAPHTHENE DERIVATIVE; BENZO[A]PYRENE; CARBON; CHARCOAL; FLUORANTHENE; FLUORENE; HYDROCARBON; ISOPRENOID; MOLECULAR MARKER; ORGANIC COMPOUND; PERYLENE; PHENANTHRENE; PHENANTHRENE DERIVATIVE; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON; TERPENE DERIVATIVE; TRACER;

AEROSOL; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; PAH; PARTICULATE MATTER;

AEROSOL; AIR POLLUTION; AIR SAMPLING; ARTICLE; CHILE; DIFFUSION; EXHAUST GAS; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS SPECTROMETRY; ORGANIC POLLUTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEASONAL VARIATION; SPRING; WINTER;

CHILE;

EID: 0036696371     PISSN: 13522310     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00269-8     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Abas M.R., Simoneit B.R.T., Elias V., Cabral J.A., Cardoso J.N. Composition of higher molecular weight organic matter in smoke aerosol from biomass combustion in Amazonia. Chemosphere. 30:1995;995-1015.
2. Artaxo P., Oyola P., Martinez R. Aerosol composition and source apportionment in Santiago. Nuclear Instrument and Methods in Physics Research B. 150:1999;409-416.
3. Benner B.A., Wise S.A., Currie L.A., Klouda G.A., Klinedinst D.B., Zweidinger R.B., Stevens R.K., Lewis C.W. Distinguishing the contributions of residential wood combustion and mobile source emissions using relative concentrations of dimethylphenanthrane isomers. Environmental Science and Technology. 29:1996;2382-2389.
4. Bray E.E., Evans E.D. Distribution of n-paraffins as a clue to recognition of source beds. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta. 22:1961;2-15.
5. 2.5 compositions in California's San Joaquin Valley. Aerosol Science and Technology. 18:1993;105-128.
6. 10 aerosol in the Southern California Air Quality Study. Atmospheric Environment. 28:1994;2061-2080.
7. Cooper J.A. Environmental impact of residential wood combustion emissions and its implications. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association. 30:1980;855-861.
8. Didyk B.M., Simoneit B.R.T., Pezoa L.A., Riveros M.L., Flores A.A. Urban aerosol particles of Santiago, Chile. organic content and molecular characterization Atmospheric Environment. 34:2000;1167-1179.
9. Eatough D.J., Wadsworth A., Eatough D.A., Crawford J.W., Hansen L.D., Lewis E.A. A multiple-system, multi-channel diffusion denuder sampler for the determination of fine-particulate organic material in the atmosphere. Atmospheric Environment. 27A:1993;1213-1219.
10. Enya T., Suzuki H., Watanabe T., Hirayama T., Hisamatsu Y. 3-Nitrobenzanthrone, a powerful bacterial mutagen and suspected human carginogen found in diesel exhaust and airborne particulates. Environmental Science and Technology. 31:1997;2772-2776.
11. Finlayson-Pitts B., Pitts J.N. Tropospheric air pollution. ozone, airborne toxics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and particles Science. 276:1997;1045-1051.
12. Gough M.A., Rowland S.J. Characterization of unresolved complex mixtures of hydrocarbons in petroleum. Nature. 344:1990;648-650.
13. Gogou A.I., Stratigakis N., Kanakidou M., Stephanou E.G. Organic aerosols in Eastern Mediterranean. components source reconciliation by using molecular markers and atmospheric back trajectories Organic Geochemistry. 25:1996;79-96.
14. Gogou A.I., Apostolaki M., Stephanou E.G. Determination of organic molecular markers in marine aerosols and sediments. one step flash chromatography compound class fractionation and capillary gas chromatographic analysis Journal of Chromatography. 799:1998;215-231.
15. Grimmer G., Jacob J., Naujack K.W. Profile of the polycyclic aromatic compounds from crude oils-inventory by GC GC/MS. PAH in environmental materials. part 3 Fresenius Zeitschrift fuer Analytische Chemie. 316:1983;29-36.
16. Kavouras I.G., Stratigakis N., Stephanou E.G. Iso- and anteiso-Alkanes. specific tracers of environmental tobacco smoke in indoor and outdoor particle-size distributed urban aerosols Environmental Science and Technology. 32:1998;1369-1377.
17. Kavouras I.G., Mihalopoulos N., Stephanou E.G. Formation of atmospheric particles from organic acids produced by forests. Nature. 395:1998;683-686.
18. Kavouras I.G., Lawrence J., Koutrakis P., Stephanou E.G., Oyola P. Measurement of particulate aliphatic and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in Santiago. Source reconciliation and evaluation of sampling artifacts Atmospheric Environment. 33:1999;4977-4986.
19. Kavouras I.G., Mihalopoulos N., Stephanou E.G. Formation and gas/particle partitioning of monoterpenes photo-oxidation products over forests. Geophysical Research Letters. 26:1999;55-58.
20. Kavouras I.G., Mihalopoulos N., Stephanou E.G. Secondary organic aerosol formation vs. primary organic aerosol emissions. in situ evidence for the chemical coupling between monoterpene acidic photo-oxidation products and new particle formation over forests Environmental Science and Technology. 7:1999;1028-1037.
21. 2.5 in five Chilean cities using factor analysis. Journal of Air and Waste Management Association. 51:2001;451-464.
22. Kavouras I.G., Koutrakis P., Tsapakis E., Lagoudaki E., Stephanou E.G., von Baer D., Oyola P. Source apportionment of urban particulate aliphatic and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) using multivariate methods. Environmental Science and Technology. 35:2001;2288-2294.
23. Kawamura K., Gagosian R.B. α,ω-Oxocarboxylic acids in the remote marine atmosphere. implication of photo-oxidation for unsaturated alkanoic acids Nature. 325:1987;330-332.
24. Koutrakis, P., Sioutas, C., Lawrence, J., 1998. Design and evaluation of a novel SVOC sampler: 1. Gas-phase diffusion denuder to trap organics. EPA Progress Report, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
25. Mastral A.M., Callen M.S. A review on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions from energy generation. Environmental Science and Technology. 34:2000;3051-3057.
26. McDonald R.D., Zielinska B., Fujita E.M., Sagebiel J.C., Chow J.C., Watson J.G. Fine particle and gaseous emission rates from residential wood combustion. Environmental Science and Technology. 34:2000;2080-2091.
27. Nielsen T. Traffic contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the center of a large city. Atmospheric Environment. 30:1996;3481-3490.
28. Oros D.R., Simoneit B.R.T. Identification of molecular tracers in organic aerosols from temperate climate vegetation subjected to biomass burning. Aerosol Science and Technology. 31:1999;433-445.
29. 2,5, elemental and organic carbon in Santiago Metropolitan Region, Chile. Paper Presented in Seventh International Conference on Carbonaceous Particles in the Atmosphere, 26-29 November 2000, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
30. Purvis C.R., McCrillis R.C. Fine particulate matter (PM) and organic speciation of fireplace emissions. Environmental Science and Technology. 34:2000;1653-1658.
31. Rogge W.F., Hildemann L., Mazurek M.A., Cass G.R., Simoneit B.R.T. Sources of fine organic aerosol. 2. Noncatalyst and catalyst-equipped automobiles and heavy duty diesel trucks Environmental Science and Technology. 27:1993;636-651.
32. Rogge W.F., Hildemann L., Mazurek M.A., Cass G.R., Simoneit B.R.T. Sources of fine organic aerosol: 3. Road dust, tire debris and organometallic brake lining dust. roads as sources and sinks Environmental Science and Technology. 27:1993;1892-1904.
33. Rogge W.F., Hildemann L., Mazurek M.A., Cass G.R., Simoneit B.R.T. Sources of fine organic aerosol. 5. Natural-gas home appliances. Environmental Science and Technology. 27:1993;2736-2744.
34. Rogge W.F., Hildemann L., Mazurek M.A., Cass G.R., Simoneit B.R.T. Sources of fine organic aerosol. 4. Particulate abrasion products from leaf surfaces of urban plants Environmental Science and Technology. 27:1993;2700-2711.
35. Sicre M.A., Marty J.C., Saliot A., Aparicio X., Grimalt J., Albaiges J. Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in different sized aerosols over the Mediterranean Sea. occurrence and origin Atmospheric Environment. 21:1987;2247-2259.
36. Simoneit B.R.T. Application of molecular marker analysis to reconcile sources of carbonaceous particulates in tropospheric aerosols. Science of the Total Environment. 36:1984;61-72.
37. Simoneit B.R.T. Application of molecular marker analysis to vehicular exhaust for source reconciliations. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 22:1985;203-233.
38. Simoneit B.R.T. Organic matter of the troposphere - V. Application of the molecular marker analysis to biogenic emissions into the troposphere for source reconciliation. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry. 8:1989;251-275.
39. Simoneit B.R.T. A review of biomarker compounds as source indicators and tracers for air pollution. Environmental Science and Pollution. 6:1999;159-169.
40. Simoneit B.R.T., Mazurek M. Organic matter of the troposphere - II. Natural background of biogenic lipid matter in aerosols over the rural Western United States. Atmospheric Environment. 16:1982;2139-2159.
41. Simoneit B.R.T., Cardoso J.N., Robinson N. An assessment of terrestrial higher molecular weight lipid compounds in aerosol particulate matter over the South Atlantic from about 30-70°S. Chemosphere. 21:1990;1285-1301.
42. Simoneit B.R.T., Rogge W.F., Lang Q., Jaffe R. Molecular characterization of smoke from campfire burning of pine wood (Pinus elliottii). Chemosphere: Global Change Science. 2:2000;107-122.
43. Stephanou E.G. α,ω-Dicarboxylic acid salts and α,ω-dicarboxylic acids. photo-oxidation products of unsaturated fatty acids, present in marine aerosols and marine sediments Naturwissenschaften. 79:1992;128-131.
44. Stephanou E.G., Stratigakis N. Oxocarboxylic and α,ω-dicarboxylic acids. photooxidation products of biogenic unsaturated fatty acids present in urban aerosols Environmental Science Technology. 27:1993;1403-1407.
45. Takada H., Onda T., Ogura N. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban street dusts and their source materials by capillary gas chromatography. Environmental Science and Technology. 24:1990;1179-1186.
46. United States Environmental Protection Agency, March 2000. National air pollutants emission trends, 1900-1998, EPA-454/R-00-002. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC.
47. Zheng M., Fang M., Wang F., To K.L. Characterization of the solvent extractable organic compounds in PM2.5 aerosols in Hong Kong. Atmospheric Environment. 34:2000;2691-2702.