Chemical speciation and dynamics in the surface combustion zone of energetic materials

Journal of Propulsion and Power

Volumn 18, Issue 4, 2002, Pages 824-834

  Brill, Thomas B ^a   Beckstead, Merrill C ^b   Flanagan, Joseph E ^c   Lin, M C ^d   Litzinger, Thomas A ^e   Waesche, R H Woodward ^c   Wight, Charles A ^f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE   (United States)

^b Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering   (United States)

^c Emory University ^*  (United States)

^d EMORY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e The Center for Nanotechnology Education and Utilization   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BINDERS; CHEMICAL REACTIONS; COMBUSTION; EXPLOSIVES; RATE CONSTANTS; VISCOSITY;

CHEMICAL SPECIATION;

SOLID PROPELLANTS;

EID: 0036637763     PISSN: 07484658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2514/2.6006     Document Type: Article

References (142)

1. Solid rocket development at allegheny ballistics laboratory
2. Advanced solid propellants for propulsion of futuristic missiles
3. Combustion in fuel-rich propellant systems
4. Environmental impacts from launching chemical rockets
5. Clean propellants for space launch boosters
6. Burning rate of solid propellant ingredients, Part 1: Pressure and initial temperature effects
7. Mechanisms and methods of suppression of combustion instability by metallic additives
8. Specific impulse of optimized solid propellants (binder+ metal + oxidizer) as a function of the metal and oxidizer properties
9. On some peculiarities of the specific impulse dependency of CHONF compositions on the oxygen-to-fluorine ratio
10. Synthesis of polyazapoly-cyclic caged polynitramines
11. Synthesis and scale-up of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-hexanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-hexaazaisowurtzitane from 2, 6, 8, 12-tetraacetyl-4, 10-dibenzyl-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW, CL-20)
12. Some ways to higher environmental safety of solid rocket propellant applications
13. Synthesis and characterization of dinitramidic acid and its salts
14. High-performance propellants based on hydrazinium nitroformate
15. An overview of the development of HNF- and HNF-based propellants
16. The deflagration of solid propellant oxidizers
17. Hepta- and octani-trocubanes
18. Energetics of decomposition of polynitrocubanes
19. Effect of molecular structure on combustion of polynitrogen energetic materials
20. Mechanism of modifying the burning rate of compositions containing nitro- and nitrato groups by high-energy polynitrogen compounds
21. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials 76. Chemical pathways that control the burning rate of 5-aminotetrazole and its hydrohalide salts
22. Nitro and nitroaminofurazanes
23. 4H-8H-difurazano [3, 4-b:3′, 4′-e] pyrazine and Some of its derivatives
24. Synthesis and reactions of 1, 1-diamino, 2, 2-dinitroethylene
25. Research on new energetic materials
26. Nitrolysis of a highly deactivated amide by protonitronium. synthesis and structure of HNFX
27. Enhancement of efficiency of high-energy substances: High-energy compounds containing active fluorine and active oxygen in molecules
28. Renewed interests in difluoramino and its compounds
29. Synthesis of high density azidonitramines
30. Synthesis of novel energetic compounds. 8. Electrosynthesis of azidodinitromethyl compounds
31. α-azidopolynitroalkanes. Synthesis and vibrational spectra
32. Destructive nitration of polynitrocarbonyl compounds
33. Recent trends in high-energy materials
34. Historical development of GAP
35. Burning rate characteristics of GAP propellants
36. Reactivity of azide polymer propellants
37. High-speed mechanical characterization and temperature constraints of propellants with energetic binders
38. Plasticised polyGLYN binders for composite energetic materials
39. A new energetic polymer containing difluoroamino group
40. Connecting the chemical composition of a material to its combustion characteristics
41. Thermal decomposition process of HMX
42. The thermal decomposition of 1, 3, 5-trinitro hexahydro 1, 3, 5-triazine (RDX) - Part I: The products and physical parameters
43. The thermal decomposition of 1, 3, 5-trinitro hexahydro 1, 3, 5-triazine (RDX) - Part II: The effects of the products
44. The thermal behavior of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) and cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX)
45. Chemistry of nitrate ester and nitramine propellants
46. The application of simultaneous thermogravimetric modulated beam mass spectrometry and time-of-flight velocity spectra measurements to the study of the pyrolysis of energetic materials
47. Thermal decomposition of HMX and RDX: Decomposition processes and mechanisms based on STMBMS and TOF velocity-spectra measurements
48. New simultaneous thermogravimetry and modulated molecular beam mass spectrometry apparatus for quantitative thermal decomposition studies
49. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials: Temporal behaviors of the rates of formation of the gaseous pyrolysis products from condensed-phase decomposition of octahydro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetranitro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetrazocine
50. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials. 2. Deuterium isotope effects and isotopic scrambling in condensed-phase decomposition of octahydro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetranitro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetrazocine
51. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials. 3. Temporal behaviors of the rates of formation of the gaseous pyrolysis products from condensed-phase decomposition of 1, 3, 5-trinitrohexahydro-s-triazine
52. 15N) in condensed-phase decomposition of 1, 3, 5-trinitrohexahydro-s-triazine
53. Identification of octahydro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetranitro1, 3, 5, 7-tetrazocine (HMX) pyrolysis products by simultaneous thermogravimetric modulated beam mass spectrometry and time-of-flight velocity-spectra measurements
54. Determination of the rates of formation of gaseous products from the pyrolysis of octahydro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetranitro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetrazocine (HMX) by simultaneous thermogravimetric modulated beam mass spectrometry
55. Thermal decomposition of HMX: Low temperature reaction kinetics and their use for assessing response in abnormal thermal environments and implications for long-term aging
56. Thermal decomposition of composite HMX/HTPB propellant
57. Advanced isoconversional method
58. Kinetics in solids
59. Isothermal and non-isothermal kinetics of thermally stimulated reactions of solids
60. Transient thin film laser pyrolysis of RDX
61. Explosive thermal decomposition mechanism of RDX
62. Laser photodissociation and thermal pyrolysis of energetic polymers
63. 2 laser pyrolysis and combustion of RDX
64. Study of the gas-phase chemistry of RDX: Experiments and modeling
65. 2 laser assisted combustion of HMX
66. Condensed phase chemistry of explosives and propellants at high temperature: HMX, RDX and BAMO
67. Infrared multi-photon dissociation of RDX in a molecular beam
68. T-Jump/FTIR spectroscopy: A new entry into the rapid pyrolysis of solids and liquids
69. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials 75. T-Jump/Raman spectroscopy and its application to high-nitrogen compounds
70. Interpretation of time-to-explosion tests
71. Condensed-phase kinetics of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine by modeling the t-jump/infrared spectroscopy experiment
72. 4
73. Condensed-phase kinetic rates of RDX from confined rapid thermolysis/FTIR spectroscopy
74. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials 58. Chemistry of ammonium nitrate and ammonium dinitramide at the burning surface temperature
75. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials 63. Surface reaction zone chemistry of simulated burning 1, 3, 5, 5-tetranitrohexahydropyrimidine (DNNC or TNDA) compared to RDX
76. 2 at 720 K and 276 Bar by T-jump/FTIR spectroscopy
77. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials 67. Hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF) rates and pathways under combustion-like conditions
78. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials 74. Volatile metal isocyanates from flash pyrolysis of metal-NTO and metal-picrate salts and an application hypothesis
79. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials 77. Behavior of N-N bridged bifurazan compounds on slow and fast heating
80. Multiphase chemistry considerations at the surface of burning nitramine propellants
81. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials 70. Kinetics of organic peroxide decomposition derived from the filament control voltage of T-jump/FTIR spectroscopy
82. Flash pyrolysis of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) II: Implications of the kinetics to combustion of organic polymers
83. Flash pyrolysis of polyethylene glycol II. Kinetics determined by T-jump/FTIR spectroscopy
84. Kinetics and products from flash pyrolysis of cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) at 465-600°C
85. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials 71. Structure-decomposition relationships in flash pyrolysis of glycidyl azide polymer (GAP)
86. Condensed phase issues for AP-HTPB pseudopropellant and the effect of burning-rate additives
87. Oxidizer-binder interactions from T-Jump/FTIR flash pyrolysis
88. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials 81. Flash pyrolysis of GAP/RDX mixtures, cured GAP-diol, and the curing agent
89. Flash pyrolysis of polyethyleneglycol I: Chemometric resolution of FTIR spectra of the volatile products at 370-550°C
90. Thermal decomposition of energetic materials 73. The identity and temperature dependence of "Minor" products from flash-heated RDX
91. Generation and measurement of atom and radical concentrations in flow systems
92. High temperature flow tubes. Generation and measurement of refractory species
93. Production and detection of reactive species with lasers in static systems
94. The role of lasers in shock tube studies of chemical kinetics
95. Cavity ringdown spectroscopy: An ultratrace-absorption measurement technique
96. Modification of the gaussian-2 theoretical model: The use of coupled-cluster energies, density functional geometries and frequencies
97. Assessment of gaussian-2 and density functional theories for the computation of enthalpies of formation
98. 2 reaction. Direct versus indirect abstraction channels
99. 2_ reaction: Formation of nitric acid and the hydroperoxy radical
100. 2 reaction
101. 2) and related bimolecular processes
102. Ab initio study of the H + HONO reaction: Direct abstraction versus indirect exchange processes
103. Thermal decomposition of gaseous ammonium dinitramide at low pressure: Kinetic modeling of product formation with Ab initio MO/cVRRKM calculations
104. Gas-phase chemical kinetics of [C, H, N, O] systems relevant to combustion of nitramines
105. The NCO + NO reaction revisited: Ab initio MO/VRRKM calculations for total rate constant and product branching ratios
106. 2 → HONO + NO
107. Ab initio MO/statistical theory prediction of the OH + HONO Reaction rate: Evidence for the negative temperature dependence
108. 3 reaction: An Ab initio MO/statistical theory study
109. 2 reaction from Ab initio MO and TST calculations
110. 3 and HCl: An ab initio MO/TST study
111. 3: An Ab initio MO/TST study
112. Optical diagnostics of solid-propellant flame structure
113. Surface microstructure resulting from laser-induced pyrolysis and combustion of M43 and XM39
114. Influence of AP solid phase decomposition on temperature profile and sensitivity
115. Kinetics and mechanism of thermal decomposition of dimethylnitramine at low temperatures
116. Reactions between formaldehyde and nitrogen dioxide
117. Kinetics of nitramine flame reactions
118. 2 Reaction at high temperature
119. Vapor pressures and heats of sublimation of some high melting organic explosives
120. Kinetics of thermal decomposition of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine and cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine in the gas phase
121. The vapour pressure of cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (cyclonite) and pentaerythritoltetranitrate
122. Vapour pressure and enthalpy of sublimation of 1, 3, 5, 7-Tetranitro 1, 3, 5, 7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX)
123. Boiling point and enthalpy of evaporation of liquid hexogen and octogen
124. Chemical kinetic modeling of hydrocarbon combustion
125. Thermochemistry of the decomposition of nitramines in the gas phase
126. Thermochemical modeling: I. Application to decomposition of energetic materials
127. Thermochemical modeling: II. Application to ignition and combustion of energetic materials
128. Development of gas-phase reaction mechanisms for nitramine combustion
129. An eigenvalue method for computing the burning rates of RDX propellants
130. CHEMKIN II: A fortran chemical kinetics package for the analysis of gas phase chemical kinetics
131. A fortran program for modeling steady laminar one-dimensional premixed flames
132. A fortran computer code package for the evaluation of gas-phase multi-component transport properties