Road traffic and nearby grassland bird patterns in a suburbanizing landscape

Environmental Management

Volumn 29, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 782-800

  Forman, Richard T T ^a   Reineking, Bjorn ^a,b   Hersperger, Anna M ^a,c  

^a HARVARD GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN   (United States)

^b HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH UFZ   (Germany)

^c ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Distance from road effect; Grassland birds; Landscape ecology; Road ecology; Road effect zone; Suburban ecology; Traffic noise effect; Transportation planning

Indexed keywords

ECOLOGY; PUBLIC POLICY; STREET TRAFFIC CONTROL;

LANDSCAPES;

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT;

GRASSLAND; LAND USE PLANNING; POPULATION DISTRIBUTION; ROADSIDE ENVIRONMENT; SUBURBAN AREA;

ARTICLE; BIRD; BREEDING; ECOLOGY; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; GRASSLAND; HABITAT PATCHINESS; LAND USE; LANDSCAPE; NONHUMAN; POLICY; RURAL AREA; TRAFFIC; UNITED STATES; URBANIZATION; ANIMAL; ECOSYSTEM; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; MOTOR VEHICLE; POACEAE; POPULATION DYNAMICS; URBAN POPULATION;

UNITED STATES;

ANIMALIA; AVES;

ANIMALS; BIRDS; ECOSYSTEM; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; MOTOR VEHICLES; POACEAE; POPULATION DYNAMICS; PUBLIC POLICY; URBAN POPULATION;

EID: 0036618293     PISSN: 0364152X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00267-001-0065-4     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Akaike, H. 1974. A new look at statistical model identification. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 19:716-722.
2. Arnold, G. W. 1983. The influence of ditch and hedgerow structure, length of hedgerows, and area of woodland and garden on bird numbers in farmland. Journal of Applied Ecology 20:731-750.
3. Askins, R. A. 1999. History of grassland birds in eastern North America. Pages 60-71, in P. D. Vickery and J. R. Herkert (eds.), Ecology and conservation of grassland birds of the Western Hemisphere. Studies in Avian Biology No. 19, Cooper Ornithological Society, Camarillo, California.
4. Askins, R. A. 2000. Restoring North America's birds: Lessons from landscape ecology. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.
5. Best, L. B. 1978. Field sparrow reproductive success and nesting ecology. Auk 95:9-22.
6. Best, L. B., K. E. Freemark, J. J. Dinsmore, and M. Camp. 1995. A review and synthesis of habitat use by breeding birds in agricultural landscapes in Iowa. American Midland Naturalist 134:1-29.
7. Bollinger, E. K., and T. A. Gavin. 1992. Eastern Bobolink populations: Ecology and conservation in an agricultural landscape. Pages 497-506 in J. M. Hagan, III, and D. W. Johnston (eds.), Ecology and conservation of neotropical migrant landbirds. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.
8. Brown, M., and J. J. Dinsmore. 1986. Implications of marsh size and isolation for marsh bird management. Journal of Wildlife Management 50:392-397.
9. Clark, W. D., and J. R. Karr. 1979. Effects of highways on Red-winged Blackbird and Horned Lark populations. Wilson Bulletin 91:143-145.
10. Dramstad, W., J. D. Olson, and R. T. T. Forman. 1996. Landscape ecology principles in landscape architecture and land-use planning. Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Island Press, Washington, DC, 80 pp.
11. Eaton, R.J. 1974. A flora of Concord from Thoreau's time to the present day. Special Publication No. 4, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
12. Ellenberg, H., K. Muller, and T. Stottele. 1991. Strassen-Okologie. Pages 19-115 in Okologie und strasse. Broschurenreihe de Deutschen Strassenliga, Bonn, Germany.
13. Ells, S. F. 1995a. Bobolink protection and mortality on suburban conservation lands. Bird Observer 23(2):98-112.
14. Ells, S. F. 1995b. Field notes from here and there: breeding Henslow's Sparrows in Lincoln, Massachusetts, 1994. Bird Observer 23 (2):113-115.
15. Fahrig, L., J. H. Pedlar, S. E. Pope, P. D. Taylor, and J. E. Wegner. 1995. Effect of road traffic on amphibian density. Biological Conservation 74:177-182.
16. Forman, R. T. T. 1995. Land mosaics: The ecology of landscapes and regions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 632 pp.
17. Forman, R. T. T. 1999. Horizontal processes, roads, suburbs, societal objectives, and landscape ecology. Pages 35-53 in J. M. Klopatek and R. H. Gardner (eds.), Landscape ecological analysis: issues and applications. Springer-Verlag, New York.
18. Forman, R. T. T. 2000. Estimate of the area affected ecologically by the road system in the United States. Conservation Biology 14:31-35.
19. Forman, R. T. T., and L. E. Alexander. 1998. Roads and their major ecological effects. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 29:207-231.
20. Forman, R. T. T., and S. K. Collinge. 1995. The "spatial solution" to conserving biodiversity in landscapes and regions. Pages 537-568 in R.M. DeGraaf and R. I. Miller (eds.), Conservation of faunal diversity in forested landscapes. Chapman and Hall, London.
21. Forman, R. T. T., and S. K. Collinge. 1997. Nature conserved in changing landscapes with and without spatial planning. Landscape and Urban Planning 37:129-135.
22. Forman, R. T. T., and R. D. Deblinger. 1998. The ecological road-effect zone for transportation planning, and a Massachusetts highway example. Pages 78-90 in G. L. Evink, P. Garrett, D. Zeigler, and J. Berry (eds.), Proceedings of the international conference on wildlife and transportation. Publication FL-ER-69-98, Florida Department of Transportation, Tallahassee, Florida.
23. Forman, R. T. T., and R. D. Deblinger. 2000. The ecological road-effect zone of a Massachusetts (USA) suburban highway. Conservation Biology 14:36-46.
24. Forman, R. T. T., D. S. Friedman, D. Fitzhenry, J. D. Martin, A. S. Chen, and L. E. Alexander. 1997. Ecological effects of roads: toward three summary indices and an overview for North America. Pages 40-54 in K. Canters (ed.), Habitat fragmentation and infrastructure. Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management, Delft, Netherlands.
25. Forman, R. T. T., A. E. Galli, and C. F. Leck. 1976. Forest size and avian diversity in New Jersey woodlots with some land use implications. Oecologia 26:1-8.
26. Forman, R. T. T., and A. M. Hersperger. 1996. Road ecology and road density in different landscapes, with international planning and mitigation solutions. Pages 1-22 in G. L. Evink, P. Garrett, D. Zeigler, and J. Berry (eds.), Trends in addressing transportation related wildlife mortality. No. FL-ER-58-96, Florida Department of Transportation, Tallahassee, Florida.
27. Forman, R. T. T., and A. M. Hersperger. 1997. Ecologia del paesaggio e pianificazione: Una potente combinazione. Urbanistica 108:61-66.
28. Graber, R. R., and J. W. Graber. 1963. A comparative study of bird populations in Illinois, 1906-1909 and 1956-1958. Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin 28:383-519.
29. Green, R. E., G. A. Tyler, and C. G. R. Bowden. 2000. Habitat selection, ranging behaviour and diet of the stone curlew (Burhinus oedicnemus) in southern England. Journal of Zoology, London 250:161-183.
30. Hanski, I. A., and M. E. Gilpin (eds.). 1997. Metapopulation biology: Ecology, genetics, and evolution. Academic Press, San Diego, California.
31. Herkert, J. R. 1994. The effects of habitat fragmentation on midwestern grassland bird communities. Ecological Applications 4:461-471.
32. Herkert, J. R. 1995. An analysis of midwestern breeding bird population trends: 1966-1993. American Midland Naturalist 134:41-50.
33. Hersperger, A. 2000. Effects of habitat adjacency arrangements on plant diversity in woodlands of Southern Alberta aspen-parkland, Canada. Ph.D. thesis. Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
34. Hunter, M. L., Jr. 1990. Wildlife, forests, and forestry: principles of managing forests for biological diversity. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
35. Ihaka, R., and R. Gentleman. 1996. R: A language for data analysis and graphics. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 5:299-314.
36. Iverson, L. 1988. Land-use changes in Illinois, USA: the influence of landscape attributes on current and historic land use. Landscape Ecology 2:45-61.
37. Johnson, R. G., and S. A. Temple. 1986. Assessing habitat quality for birds nesting in fragmented tallgrass prairies. Pages 245-248 in J. Verner, M. L. Morrison, and C.J. Ralph (eds.), Wildlife 2000: Modeling habitat relationships of terrestrial vertebrates. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin.
38. Johnson, R. G., and S. A. Temple. 1990. Nest predation and brood parasitism of tallgrass prairie birds. Journal of Wildlife Management 54:106-111.
39. Jones, A. L., and P. D. Vickery. 1997. Distribution and population status of grassland birds in Massachusetts. Pages 187-199 in P. D. Vickery and P. W. Dunwiddie (eds.), Grasslands of Northeastern North America. Massachusetts Audubon Society, Lincoln, Massachusetts.
40. Knaapen, J. P., M. Scheffer, and B. Harms. 1992. Estimating habitat isolation in landscape planning. Landscape and Urban Planning 23:1-16.
41. Knight, R. L., and K. J. Gutzwiller (eds). 1995. Wildlife and recreationists: Coexistence through management and research. Island Press, Washington, DC.
42. Lanyon, W. E. 1995. Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna). In A. Poole and F. Gill (eds.) The Birds of North America, No. 160. The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, DC.
43. Lee, C. S. Y., and G. G. Fleming. 1996. Measurement of highway-related noise. Report FHWA-PD-96-046, DOT-VNTSC-FHWA-96-5. US Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC.
44. Liddle, M. 1997. Recreation ecology: The recreational impact of outdoor recreation and ecotourism. Chapman & Hall, London.
45. Manly, B. F. J. 1997. Randomization, bootstrap and Monte Carlo methods in biology, 2nd ed. Chapman and Hall, London, 399 pp.
46. Martin, S. G., and T. A. Gavin. 1995. Bobolink, (Dolichonyx oryzivorus). In A. Poole and F. Gill (eds.) The Birds of North America, No. 176. The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, DC.
47. Matlack, G. R. 1993. Sociological edge effects: Spatial distribution of human impact in suburban forest fragments. Environmental Management 17:829-835.
48. Mumme, R. L., S. J. Schoech, G. E. Woolfenden, and J. W. Fitzpatrick. 2000. Life and death in the fast lane: Demographic consequences of road mortality in the Florida scrub-jay. Conservation Biology 14:501-512.
49. National Research Council. 1997. Toward a sustainable future: Addressing the long-term effects of motor vehicle transportation on climate and ecology. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
50. Norment, C. J., C. D. Ardizzone, and K. Hartman. 1999. Habitat relations and breeding biology of grassland birds in New York. Pp. 112-121 in P. D. Vickery and J. R. Herkert (eds.), Ecology and conservation of grassland birds of the Western Hemisphere. Studies in avian biology No. 19. Cooper Ornithological Society, Camarillo, California.
51. Peterjohn, B. G., and J. R. Sauer. 1999. Population status of North American grassland birds from the North American Breeding Bird Survey, 1966-1996. Pages 27-44 in P. D. Vickery and J. R. Herkert (eds.), Ecology and conservation of grassland birds of the Western Hemisphere. Studies in avian biology No. 19. Cooper Ornithological Society, Camarillo, California.
52. Reijnen, M. J. S. M., G. Veenbaas, and R. P. B. Foppen. 1995. Predicting the effects of motorway traffic on breeding bird populations. Ministry of Transport and Public Works, Delft, Netherlands, 92 pp.
53. Reijnen, R. ca. 1995. Disturbance by car traffic as a threat to breeding birds in The Netherlands. Thesis, Institute for Forestry and Nature Research (IBN-DLO), Wageningen, Netherlands, 140 pp.
54. Reijnen, R., R. Foppen, C. ter Braak, and J. Thissen. 1995. The effects of car traffic on breeding bird populations in woodland. III. Reduction of density in relation to the proximity of main roads. Journal of Applied Ecology 32:187-202.
55. Reijnen, R., R. Foppen, and H. Meeuwsen. 1996. The effects of car traffic on the density of breeding birds in Dutch agricultural grasslands. Biological Conservation 75:255-260.
56. Ripley, B. D. 1996. Pattern recognition and neural networks. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 403 pp.
57. Rodenhouse, N. L., L. B. Best, R. J. O'Connor, and E. K. Bollinger. 1995. Effects of agricultural practices and farmland structures. In T. E. Martin and D. M. Finch (eds.), Ecology and management of neotropical migratory birds. Oxford University Press, New York.
58. Rost, G. R., and J. A. Bailey. 1979. Distribution of mule deer and elk in relation to roads. Journal of Wildlife Management 43:634-641.
59. Rudolph, C., S. Burgdorf, R. Conner, and R. Schaefer. 1999. Preliminary evaluation of the impact of roads and associated vehicular traffic on snake populations in eastern Texas. Pages 129-136 in G. L. Evink, P. Garrett, and D. Zeigler (eds.), Proceedings of the third international conference on wildlife ecology and transportation. FL-ER-73-99, Florida Department of Transportation, Tallahassee, Florida.
60. Sample, D. W., and M. J. Mossman. 1997. Managing habitat for grassland birds: A guide for Wisconsin. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, Wisconsin, 154 pp.
61. Samson, F. B. 1980. Island biogeography and the conservation of prairie birds. Proceedings of the North American Prairie Conference 7:293-299.
62. Samson, F. B., and F. L. Knopf (eds.). 1996. Prairie conservation: preserving North America's most endangered ecosystem. Island Press, Washington, DC.
63. Shafer, C. L. 1990. Nature reserves: Island theory and conservation practice. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.
64. Singer, F. J., and J. B. Beattie. 1986. The controlled traffic system and associated wildlife responses in Denali National Park. Arctic 39:195-203.
65. Smith, C. R. 1997. Use of public grazing lands by Henslow's sparrows, grasshopper sparrows, and associated grassland birds in central New York State. Pages 171-186 in P. D. Vickery and P. W. Dunwidde (eds.), Grasslands of northeastern North America. Massachusetts Audubon Society, Lincoln, Massachusetts.
66. Sokal, R. R., and F. J. Rohlf. 1995. Biometry: The principles and practice of statistics in biological research, 3rd ed. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York, 887 pp.
67. Temple, S. A., B. M. Fevold, L. K. Paine, D. J. Undersander, and D. W. Sample. 1999. Nesting birds and grazing cattle: Accommodating both on Midwestern pastures. Pages 196-202 in Ecology and conservation of grassland birds in the Western Hemisphere. Studies in avian biology No. 19. Cooper Ornithological Union, Camarillo, California.
68. Tilghman, N. 1987. Characteristics of urban woodlands affecting breeding bird diversity and abundance. Landscape and Urban Planning 14:481-495.
69. Turner, M. G., R. H. Gardner, and R. V. O'Neill. 2001. Landscape ecology in theory and practice: pattern and process. Springer-Verlag, New York.
70. van der Zande, A. N., W. J. ter Keurs, and W. J. van der Weidjen. 1980. The impact of roads on the densities of four bird species in an open field habitat - evidence of a long distance effect. Biological Conservation 18:299-321.
71. Vickery, P. D., and P. W. Dunwiddie (eds.). 1997. Grasslands of northeastern North America. Massachusetts Audubon Society, Lincoln, Massachusetts.
72. Vickery, P. D. and J. R. Herkert (eds.). 1999. Ecology and conservation of grassland birds in the Western Hemisphere. Studies in avian biology No. 19. Cooper Ornithological Society, Camarillo, California.
73. Vickery, P. D., M. L. Hunter, Jr., and S. M. Melvin. 1994. Effects of habitat area on the distribution of grassland birds in Maine. Conservation Biology 8:1087-1097.
74. Walton, R. K. 1984. Birds of the Sudbury River Valley - an historical perspective. Massachusetts Audubon Society, Lincoln, Massachusetts.
75. Wiens, J. A. 1969. An approach to the study of ecological relationships among grassland birds. Ornithological Monographs 8:1-93.