Secondary loss and pain-associated disability: Theoretical overview and treatment implications

Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 99-110

  Gatchel, Robert J ^a   Adams, Laura ^a   Polatin, Peter B ^a   Kishino, Nancy D ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b West Coast Spine Restoration Center   (United States)

Author keywords

Interdisciplinary treatment; Occupational pain disability; Rehabilitation; Secondary gain; Secondary loss

Indexed keywords

CHRONIC PAIN; DEPRESSION; ECONOMIC ASPECT; HEALTH PROGRAM; HUMAN; PATIENT COUNSELING; PHYSIOTHERAPY; REVIEW; SOCIAL SUPPORT; TREATMENT PLANNING; WORK DISABILITY; CONTROL; EMPLOYMENT; GRIEF; GROUP THERAPY; LIFE EVENT; OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE; PAIN; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT;

EMPLOYMENT; GRIEF; HUMANS; INTERNAL-EXTERNAL CONTROL; LIFE CHANGE EVENTS; OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES; PAIN; PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY; PSYCHOTHERAPY, GROUP; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT;

EID: 0036614928     PISSN: 10530487     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1015012614484     Document Type: Review

References (56)

1. Leeman G, Polatin PB, Gatchel RJ, Kishino ND. Managing secondary gain in patients with pain-associated disability: A clinical perspective. J Workers Compens 2000; 9: 25-44.
2. King S. Concept of secondary gain - How valid is it? APS J 1994; 3: 279-281.
3. Rainville J, Sobel C, Hartigan C, Wright A. The effect of compensation involvement of the reporting of pain and disability by patients referred for rehabilitation of chronic low back pain. Spine 1997; 22: 2016-2024.
4. Miller E, Omarzu J. New directions in loss research. In: Harvey J, ed. Perspectives on loss: A sourcebook. Philadelphia, PA: Brunner/Mazel, 1998.
5. Harvey J. Give sorrow words: Perspectives on loss and trauma. Philadelphia, PA: Brunner/Mazel, 2000.
6. Neimeyer RA. Can there by a psychology of loss? In: Harvey J, ed. Perspectives on loss: A sourcebook. Philadelphia, PA: Brunner/Mazel, 1998.
7. Harvey J. ed. Perspectives on loss: A sourcebook. Philadelphia, PA: Brunner/Mazel, 1998.
8. Holmes TH, Rahe RH. The social readjustment rating scale. J Psychosom Res 1967; 11: 213-218.
9. Viorst J. Necessary losses. New York: Fawcett, 1986.
10. Rando TA. Grieving: How to go on living when someone you love dies. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, 1988.
11. Weiss BW, Weiss L. Getting off the pain roller coaster: Identifying the psychological aspects of pain can lead patients on the right track to recovery. Pract Pain Manag 22-24, Nov/Dec, 2001.
12. Rando TA. Treatment of complicated mourning. Champaign, IL: Research Press, 1993.
13. Brooks NA, Matson RR. Social-psychological adjustment to multiple sclerosis. Soc Sci Med 1982; 16: 2129-2135.
14. Flor H, Turk D, Scholz OB. Impact of chronic pain on the spouse: Marital, emotional and physical consequences. J Psychosom Res 1987; 31: 63-71.
15. Holland AL, Beeson PM. Finding a new sense of self: What the clinician can do to help. Aphasiology 1993; 7: 581-584.
16. Lebovits R. Loss, role change, and values. Clin Soc Work J 1979; 7: 284-295.
17. Roy R, Thomas M, Matas M. Chronic pain and depression: A review. Compr Psychiatry 1984; 25: 96-105.
18. Shapiro CH. When part of the self is lost. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 1993.
19. Kelley P. Loss experienced in chronic pain and illness. In: Harvey J, ed. Perspectives on loss: A sourcebook. Philadelphia, PA: Brunner/Mazel, 1998.
20. Gordon PA, Benishek LA. The experience of chronic illness: Issues in loss and adjustment. J Pers Interpers Loss 1996; 1: 299-307.
21. Cohen S, Wills TA. Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis: A critical review. Psychol Bull 1985; 98: 310-357.
22. Lyons R, Sullivan M. Curbing loss in illness and disability: A relationship perspective. In: Harvey J, ed. Perspectives on loss: A sourcebook. Philadelphia, PA: Brunner/Mazel, 1998.
23. Price RH, Friedland DS, Vinokur A. Job loss: Hard times and eroded identity. In: Harvey J, ed. Perspectives on loss: A sourcebook. Philadelphia, PA: Brunner/Mazel, 1998.
24. Jahoda M. Work, employment and unemployment: Values, theories, and approaches in social research. Am Psychol 1981; 36: 184-191.
25. Fernandez E, Turk DC. The scope and significance of anger in the experience of chronic pain. Pain 1995; 61: 165-175.
26. Fishbain DA, Cutler R, Rosomoff H, Rosomoff RS. Chronic pain associated depression: Antecedent or consequence of chronic pain? A review. Clin J Pain 1997; 13: 116-137.
27. Banks SM, Kerns, RD. Explaining high rates of depression in chronic pain: A diathesis-stress framework. Psychol Bull 1996; 119: 95-110.
28. Hanson RW, Gerber KE. Coping with chronic pain. New York: Guilford Press, 1990.
29. Magni G. Review article on the relationship between chronic pain and depression where there is no organic lesion. Pain 1987; 31: 1-21.
30. Romano JM, Turner JA. Chronic pain and depression: Does the evidence support the relationship? Psychol Bull 1985; 97: 18-34.
31. Turk DC, Rudy TE, Stieg RL. Chronic pain and depression. Pain Manag 1987; 1: 17-25.
32. Seligman MEP. Helplessness: On depression, development and death. San Francisco, CA: Freeman, 1975.
33. Seville J, Robinson A. Locus of control in the patient with chronic pain. In: Gatchel R, Weisberg I, eds. Personality characteristics of patients with pain. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2000.
34. Turk DC, Okifuji A. Perception of traumatic onset, compensation status, and physical findings: Impact on pain severity, emotional distress, and disability in chronic pain patients. J Behav Med 1996; 19: 435-453.
35. Kleinman A. The illness narratives: Suffering, healing, and the human condition. New York: Basic Books, 1988.
36. Doka KJ. Disenfranchised grief. In: Doka KJ, ed. Disenfranchised grief: Recognizing hidden sorrow. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, 1989, pp. 1-11.
37. Costa PT, McCrae RR. Trait psychology comes of age. Nebr Symp Motiv 1991; 39: 169-204.
38. Phillips J, Gatchel RJ. Extraversion-introversion and chronic pain. In: Gatchel RJ, Weisberg JN, eds. Personality characteristics of patients with pain. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2000.
39. Garofolo JP. Perceived optimism and chronic pain. In: Gatchel RI, Weisberg JN, eds. Personality characteristics of patients with pain. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2000.
40. Weisberg JN, Vittengl JR, Clark LA, Gatchel RJ, Gorin AA. In: Gatchel RJ, Weisberg JN, eds. Personality and pain: Summary and future directions. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2000, pp 259-282.
41. Heider F. The Psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley, 1958.
42. Rotter J. Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychol Monogr 1966; 80: (Whole No. 609).
43. Spinhoven P, ter Kuile M, Linssen A, Gazendam B. Pain coping strategies in a Dutch population of chronic low back pain patients. Pain 1989; 37: 77-83.
44. Toomey TC, Mann JD, Abashian D, Thompson-Pope S. Relationship between perceived self-control of pain, pain description and functioning. Pain 1991; 45: 129-133.
45. Rudy TE, Kerns RD, Turk D. Chronic pain and depression: Toward a cognitive behavioral mediation model. Pain 1988; 35: 129-140.
46. Harkapaa K, Jarvikoski A, Mellin G, Hurri H, Luoma J. Health locus of control beliefs and psychological distress as predictors for treatment outcome in low back pain patients: Results of a 3-month follow-up of a controlled intervention study. Pain 1991; 46: 35-41.
47. Lipchik G, Milles K, Covington E. Effects of multidisciplinary pain management treatment on locus of control and pain beliefs in chronic non-terminal pain. Clin J Pain 1993; 9: 49-57.
48. Crisson JE, Keefe FJ. Relationship of locus of control to pain coping strategies and psychological distress in chronic pain patients. Pain 1988; 35: 147-154.
49. DeGood DE, Kiernan B. Perception of fault in patients with chronic pain. Pain 1996; 64: 153-159.
50. Dersh J, Polatin PB, Gatchel RJ. Chronic pain and psychopathology: Research findings and theoretical considerations. Psychosom Med (In Press).
51. Rohde P, Lewinsohn P, Seeley JR. Are people changed by the experience of having an episode of depression? A further test of the scar hypothesis. J Abnorm Psychol 1990; 99: 264-271.
52. Kübler-Ross E. Death: The final stage of growth. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1975.
53. Wortman CB, Silver RC. The myths of coping with loss. J Consult Clin Psychol 1989; 57: 349-357.
54. Keefe FJ, Beaupré PM, Gil KM. Group therapy for patients with chronic pain. In: Gatchel RJ, Turk DC, eds. Psychological approaches to pain management: A practioner's handbook. New York: Guilford, 1996.
55. Gatchel RJ, Turk DC. Interdisciplinary treatments of chronic pain. In: Gatchel RJ, Turk DC, eds. Psychological factors in pain: Critical perspectives. New York: Guilford, 1999.
56. Fishbain D. Secondary gain concept: Definitions, problems and abuse. APS J 1994; 3: 264-273.