Beyond the iron mask: Towards better recognition and treatment of depression associated with Parkinson's disease

Movement Disorders

Volumn 17, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 445-454

  Burn, David J ^a  

^a NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Aetiology; Clinical features; Depression; Parkinson's disease; Treatment

Indexed keywords

AMFEBUTAMONE; AMITRIPTYLINE; BROMOCRIPTINE; CITALOPRAM; CLOMIPRAMINE; DESIPRAMINE; DOSULEPIN; FLUOXETINE; FLUVOXAMINE; IMIPRAMINE; LEVODOPA; MIRTAZAPINE; MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR; N [2 [4 (2 METHOXYPHENYL) 1 PIPERAZINYL]ETHYL] N (2 PYRIDYL)CYCLOHEXANECARBOXAMIDE; NORTRIPTYLINE; PAROXETINE; PERGOLIDE; PLACEBO; PRAMIPEXOLE; REBOXETINE; SELEGILINE; SEROTONIN 1A ANTAGONIST; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; SERTRALINE; TRAZODONE; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; TRIMIPRAMINE; UNINDEXED DRUG; VENLAFAXINE; ZIMELDINE;

ANTICHOLINERGIC EFFECT; BRAIN DEPTH STIMULATION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONSTIPATION; DELUSION; DEPRESSION; DRUG ACTIVITY; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG RECEPTOR BINDING; DRUG TOLERABILITY; ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY; GUILLAIN BARRE SYNDROME; HAMILTON SCALE; HEADACHE; HUMAN; NAUSEA; NERVE CELL DEGENERATION; NERVE CELL NETWORK; ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; PARKINSON DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOSIS; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SEROTONIN SYNDROME; SEROTONINERGIC SYSTEM; SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION; SIDE EFFECT; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS; SWEATING; TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; TREMOR; URINE RETENTION;

ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS; ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, SECOND-GENERATION; ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, TRICYCLIC; BRAIN; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; HUMANS; PARKINSON DISEASE; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; QUALITY OF LIFE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0036589970     PISSN: 08853185     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/mds.10114     Document Type: Review

References (103)

1. Hartz P, Caradoc-Davies G, Caradoc-Davies T, Weatherall M, Dixon G. Depression in Parkinson's disease. Am J Psychiatry 1994;151:1010-1014.
2. Cummings JL. Depression and Parkinson's disease: A review. Am J Psychiatry 1992;149:443-454.
3. Gotham A-M, Brown RG, Marsden CD. Depression in Parkinson's disease: a quantitative and qualitative analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1986;49:381-389.
4. Tandberg E, Larsen JP, Aarsland D, Cummings JL. The occurrence of depression in Parkinson's disease. A community-based study. Arch Neurol 1996;53:175-179.
5. Schrag A, Jahanshahi M, Quinn N. What contributes to quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000;69:308-312.
6. Kuopio AM, Marttila RJ, Helenius H, Toivonen M, Rinne UK. The quality of life in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2000;15: 216-223.
7. Meara J, Mitchelmore E, Hobson P. Use of the GDS-15 geriatric depression scale as a screening instrument for depressive symptomatology in patients with Parkinson's disease and their carers in the community. Age Ageing 1999;28:35-38.
8. Santamaria J, Tolosa E, Valles A. Parkinson's disease with depression: a possible subgroup of idiopathic parkinsonism. Neurology 1986;36:1130-1133.
9. Starkstein SE, Berthier ML, Bolduc PL, Preziosi TJ. Depression in patients with early versus late onset of Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1989;39:1441-1445.
10. Warburton JW. Depressive symptoms in Parkinson patients referred for thalamotomy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1967;30: 368-370.
11. Celesia GG, Wanamaker WM. Psychiatric disturbances in Parkinson's disease. Dis Nerv Syst 1972;33:577-583.
12. Dooneief G, Mirabello E, Bell K, Marder K, Stern Y, Mayeux R. An estimate of the incidence of depression in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Arch Neurol 1992;49:305-307.
13. Tandberg E, Larsen JP, Aarsland D, Laake K, Cummings JL. Risk factors for depression in Parkinson disease. Arch Neurol 1997;54:625-630.
14. Brown R, Jahanshahi M. Depression in Parkinson's disease: a psychosocial viewpoint. Adv Neurol 1995;65:61-84.
15. Starkstein SE, Preziosi TJ, Bolduc PL, Robinson RG. Depression in Parkinson's disease. J Nerv Ment Dis 1990;178:27-31.
16. Brown RG, MacCarthy B, Jahanshahi M, Marsden CD. Accuracy of self-reported disability in patients with parkinsonism. Arch Neurol 1989;46:955-959.
17. Vogel H-P. Symptoms of depression in Parkinson's disease. Pharmacopsychiatry 1982;15:192-196.
18. Mayeux R, Stern Y, Cote L, Williams JB. Altered serotonin metabolism in depressed patients with parkinson's disease. Neurology 1984;34:642-646.
19. Kostic VS, Djuricic BM, Covickovic-Sternic N, Bumbasirevic L, Nikolic M, Mrsulja BB. Depression and Parkinson's disease: possible role of serotonergic mechanisms. J Neurol 1987;234:94-96.
20. Ehmann TS, Beninger RJ, Gawel MJ, Riopelle RJ. Depressive symptoms in Parkinson's disease: a comparison with disabled control subjects. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1990;3:3-9.
21. Jankovic J, McDermott M, Carter J, et al. Variable expression of Parkinson's disease: a baseline analysis of the DATATOP cohort. Neurology 1990;40:1529-1534.
22. Starkstein SE, Petracca G, Chemerinski E, Teson A, Sabe L, Merello M, Leiguarda R. Depression in classic versus akinetic-rigid Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 1998;13:29-33.
23. Robins AH. Depression in patients with parkinsonism. Br J Psychiatry 1976;128:141-145.
24. Cantello R, Gilli M, Riccio A, Bergamasco B. Mood changes associated with "end of dose deterioration" in Parkinson's disease: a controlled study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1986;49: 1182-1190.
25. Cummings JL, Masterman DL. Depression in patients with Parkinson's disease. Int J Geriat Psychiatry 1999;14:711-718.
26. Kostic VS, Susic V, Przedborski S, Sternic N. Sleep EEG in depressed and nondepressed patients with Parkinson's disease. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1991;3:176-179.
27. Berg D, Supprian T, Hofmann E, Zeiler B, Jager A, Lange KW, Reiners K, Becker T, Becker G. Depression in Parkinson's disease: brainstem midline alteration on transcranial sonography and magnetic resonance imaging. J Neurol 1999;246:1186-1193.
28. Damier P, Hirsch EC, Agid Y, Graybiel AM. The substantia nigra of the human brain:II. Patterns of loss of dopamine-containing neurons in Parkinson's disease. Brain 1999;122:1437-1448.
29. Charlton CG. Depletion of nigrostriatal and forebrain tyrosine hydroxylase by S-adenosylmethionine: a model that may explain the occurrence of depression in Parkinson's disease. Life Sci 1997;61:495-502.
30. Cantello R, Aguggia M, Gilli M, Delsedime M, Chiardo Cutin I, Riccio A, Mutani R. Major depression in Parkinson's disease and the mood response to intravenous methylphenidate: Possible role of the "hedonic" dopamine synapse. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1989;52:724-731.
31. Torack RM, Morris JC. The association of ventral tegmental area histopathology with adult dementia. Arch Neurol 1988;45:497-501.
32. Rinne JO, Rummukainen J, Paljarvi L, Rinne UK. Dementia in Parkinson's disease is related to neuronal loss in the medial substantia nigra. Ann Neurol 1989;26:47-50.
33. Chan-Palav V, Asan E. Alterations in catecholamine neurons of the locus coeruleus in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type and in Parkinson's disease with and without dementia and depression. J Comp Neurol 1989;287:373-392.
34. Sargent PA, Kjaer KH, Bench CJ, Rabiner EA, Messa C, Meyer J, Gunn RN, Grasby PM, Cowen PJ. Brain serotonin 1A receptor binding measured by positron emission tomography with [11C]WAY-100635: effects of depression and antidepressant treatment. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2000;57:174-180.
35. Doder M, Rabiner EA, Turjanski N, Lees AJ, Brooks DJ. Brain serotonin 1A receptors in Parkinson's disease with and without depression measured by positron emission tomography with 11C-WAY 100635. Mov Disord 2000;15:213.
36. Mayeux R, Stern Y, Sano M, Williams JB, Cote LJ. The relationship of serotonin to depression in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 1988;3:237-244.
37. Kuhn W, Muller T, Gerlach M, Sofic E, Fuchs G, Heye N, Prautsch R, Przuntek H. Depression in Parkinson's disease: biogenic amines in CSF of "de novo" patients. J Neural Transm 1996;103: 1441-1445.
38. Cote L. Depression: impact and management by the patient and family. Neurology 1999;52:S7-S9.
39. Bejjani BP, Damier P, Arnulf I, Thivard L, Bonnet AM, Dormont D, Cornu P, Pidoux B, Samson Y, Agid Y. Transient acute depression induced by high-frequency deep-brain stimulation. N Engl J Med 1999;340:1476-1480.
40. Rodriguez-Oroz MC, Gorospe A, Guridi J, Ramos E, Linazasoro G, Rodriguez-Palmero M, Obeso JA. Bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 2000;55(Suppl. 6):S45-S51.
41. Mayberg HS, Starkstein SE, Sadzot B, Preziosi T, Andrezejewski PL, Dannals RF, Wagner HN Jr, Robinson RG. Selective hypometabolism in the inferior frontal lobe in depressed patients with Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 1990;28:57-64.
42. Ring HA, Bench CJ, Trimble MR, Brooks DJ, Frackowiak RS, Dolan RJ. Depression in Parkinson's disease. A positron emission study. Br J Psychiatry 1994;165:333-339.
43. Menza MA, Palermo B, DiPaola R, Sage JI, Ricketts MH. Depression and anxiety in Parkinson's disease: possible effect of genetic variation in the serotonin transporter. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1999;12:49-52.
44. Leonard BE. Prevalence and psychopathology of depression in Parkinson's disease. In: Wolters EC, Scheltens P, Berendse HW, editors. Mental dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Vol. II. Utrecht: Academic Pharmaceutical Productions; 1999. p 248-253.
45. Brown RG, MacCarthy B, Gotham A-M, Der GJ, Marsden CD. Depression and disability in Parkinson's disease: a follow-up of 132 cases. Psychol Med 1988;18:49-55.
46. Poewe W, Luginger E. Depression in Parkinson's disease: impediments to recognition and treatment options. Neurology 1999;52(Suppl. 3):S2-S6.
47. Henderson R, Kurlan R, Kersun JM, Como P. Preliminary examination of the comorbidity of anxiety and depression in Parkinson's disease. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1992;4:257-264.
48. Menza MA, Robertson-Hoffman DE, Bonapace AS. Parkinson's disease and anxiety: comorbidity with depression. Biol Psychiatry 1993;34:465-470.
49. Shiba M, Bower JH, Maraganore DM, McDonnell SK, Peterson BJ, Ahlskog JE, Schaid DJ, Rocca WA. Anxiety disorders and depressive disorders preceding Parkinson's disease: a case-control study. Mov Disord 2000;15:669-677.
50. Taylor AE, Saint-Cyr JA, Lang AE, Kenny FT. Parkinson's disease and depression: a critical re-evaluation. Brain 1986;109: 279-292.
51. Karlsen KH, Larsen JP, Tandberg E, Maeland JG. Influence of clinical and demographic variables on quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999; 66:431-435.
52. Hobson P, Holden A, Meara J. Measuring the impact of Parkinson's disease with the Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life questionnaire. Age Ageing 1999;28:341-346.
53. Larsen JP, Tandberg E. Sleep disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease: epidemiology and management. CNS Drugs 2001; 15:267-275.
54. Aarsland D, Larsen JP, Karlsen K, Lim NG, Tandberg E. Mental symptoms in Parkinson's disease are important contributors to caregiver distress. Int J Geriat Psychiatry 1999;14:866-874.
55. Beekman ATF. Diagnostic procedures in depression in Parkinson's disease. In: Wolters EC, Scheltens P, Berendse HW, editors. Mental dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Vol. II. Utrecht: Academic Pharmaceutical Productions; 1999. p 263-271.
56. Levin BE, Llabre MM, Weiner WJ. Parkinson's disease and depression: psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1988;51:1401-1404.
57. Starkstein SE, Preziosi TJ, Forrester AW, Robinson RG. Specificity of affective and autonomic symptoms of depression in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1990;53:869-873.
58. Leentjens AF, Verhey FR, Luijckx GJ, Troost J. The validity of the Beck Depression Inventory as a screening and diagnostic instrument for depression in patients with Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2000;15:1221-1224.
59. Leentjens AF, Verhey FR, Lousberg R, Spitsbergen H, Wilmink W. The validity of the Hamilton and Montgomery-Åsberg depression rating scales as screening and diagnostic tools for depression in Parkinson's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2000;15: 644-649.
60. Birkmayer W. Deprenyl (selegiline) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Acta Neurol Scand 1983;(Suppl. 95):103-106.
61. Huber TJ, Dietrich DE, Emrich HM. Possible use of amantadine in depression. Pharmacopsychiatry 1999;32:47-55.
62. Nissenbaum H, Quinn NP, Brown RG, Toone B, Gotham AM, Marsden CD. Mood swings associated with the on-off phenomenon in Parkinson's disease. Psychol Med 1987;17:899-904.
63. Maricle RA, Nutt JG, Valentine RJ, Carter JH. Dose-relationship of levodopa with mood and anxiety in fluctuating Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Neurology 1995;45:1757-1760.
64. Jouvent R, Abensour P, Bonnet AM, Widlocher D, Agid Y, Lhermitte F. Antiparkinsonian and antidepressant effects of high doses of bromocriptine. An independent comparison. J Affect Disord 1983;5:141-145.
65. Armin S, Andreas H, Hermann W, Eckard K, Wolfgang G, Otto B. Pramipexole, a dopamine agonist, in major depression: anti-depressant effects and tolerability in an open-label study with multiple doses. Clin Neuropharmacol 1997;20:S36-S45.
66. Sporn J, Ghaemi SN, Sambur MR, Rankin MA, Recht J, Sachs GS, Rosenbaum JF, Fava M. Pramipexole augmentation in the treatment of unipolar and bipolar depression: a retrospective chart review. Ann Clin Psychiatry 2000;12:137-140.
67. Corrigan MH, Denahan AQ, Wright CE, Ragual RJ, Evans DL. Comparison of pramipexole, fluoxetine, and placebo in patients with major depression. Depress Anxiety 2000;11:58-65.
68. Rektorová I, Rektor I, Hortová H, et al. Depression in Parkinson's disease: an eight-month, randomised, open-label, national, multi-centre comparative study of pramipexole and pergolide. Parkinsonism Rel Disord 2001;7(Suppl.):S68.
69. Klaasen T, Verhey FR, Sneijders GH, Rozendaal N, de Vet HC, van Praag HM. Treatment of depression in Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis. J Neuropsychiat Clin Neurosci 1995;7:281-286.
70. Leentjens AFG, Verhey FRJ, van Praag HM. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of depression in Parkinson's disease: a review of available evidence concerning efficacy, side-effects and interactions. In: Wolters EC, Scheltens P, Berendse HW, editors. Mental dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Vol. II. Utrecht: Academic Pharmaceutical Productions; 1999. p 272-284.
71. Allain H, Schuck S, Mauduit N. Depression in Parkinson's disease. BMJ 2000;320:1287-1288.
72. Richard IH, Kurlan R, and the Parkinson Study Group. A survey of antidepressant drug use in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1997;49:1168-1170.
73. Hinds NP, Hillier CE, Wiles CM. Possible serotonin syndrome arising from an interaction between nortriptyline and selegiline in a lady with parkinsonism. J Neurol 2000;247:811.
74. Andersen J, Aabro E, Gulmann N, Hjelmsted A, Pedersen HE. Anti-depressive treatment in Parkinson's disease. A controlled trial of the effect of nortriptyline in patients with Parkinson's disease treated with L-DOPA. Acta Neurol Scand 1980;62:210-219.
75. Strang RR. Imipramine in treatment of Parkinsonism: a double-blind study. Brit Med J 1965;2:33-34.
76. Laitinen L. Desipramine in treatment of Parkinson's disease. A placebo-controlled study. Acta Neurol Scand 1969;45:109-113.
77. Goetz CG, Tanner CM, Klawans HL. Bupropion in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1984;34:1092-1092.
78. Edwards JG, Anderson I. Systematic review and guide to selection of selective serotonin reputake inhibitors. Drugs 1999;57: 507-533.
79. Lane RM. SSRI-induced extrapyramidal side-effects and akathisia: implications for treatment. J Psychopharmacol 1998;12:192-214.
80. Caley CF, Friedman JH. Does fluoxetine exacerbate Parkinson's disease? J Clin Psychiatry 1992;53:278-282.
81. Tesei S, Antonini A, Canesi M, Zecchinelli A, Mariani CB, Pezzoli G. Tolerability of paroxetine in Parkinson's disease: a prospective study. Mov Disord 2000;15:986-989.
82. Montastruc J-L, Fabre N, Blin O, Senard J-M, Rascol O, Rascol A. Does fluoxetine aggravate Parkinson's disease? A pilot prospective study. Mov Disord 1995;10:355-357.
83. Richard IH, Kurlan R, Tanner C, Factor S, Hubble J, Suchowersky O, Waters C. Serotonin syndrome and the combined use of deprenyl and an antidepressant in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1997;48:1070-1077.
84. Lemke MR. Reboxetine treatment of depression in Parkinson's disease. J Clin Psychiatry 2000;61:872.
85. Normann C, Hesslinger B, Frauenknecht S, Berger M, Walden J. Psychosis during chronic levodopa therapy triggered by the new antidepressant mirtazapine. Pharmacopsychiatry 1997;30:263-265.
86. McKeith I, Del Ser T, Spano P, Emre M, Wesnes K, Anand R, Cicin-Sain A, Ferrara R, Spiegel R. Efficacy of rivastigmine in dementia with Lewy bodies: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled international study. Lancet 2000;356:2031-2036.
87. Lebensohn ZM, Jenkins RB. Improvement of Parkinsonism in depressed patients treated with ECT. Am J Psychiat 1975;132: 283-285.
88. Dysken M, Evans HM, Chan CH, Davis JM. Improvement of depression and parkinsonism during ECT: a case study. Neuropsychobiology 1976;2:81-86.
89. Asnis G. Parkinson's disease, depression, and ECT: a review and case study. Am J Psychiatry 1977;134:191-195.
90. Douyon R, Serby M, Klutchko B, Rotrosen J. ECT and Parkinson's disease revisited: A "naturalistic" study. Am J Psychiatry 1990;146:1451-1455.
91. Moellentine C, Rummans T, Ahlskog JE, Harmsen WS, Suman VJ, O'Connor MK, Black JL, Pileggi T. Effectiveness of ECT in patients with parkinsonism. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1998;10:187-193.
92. Mally J, Stone TW. Therapeutic and "dose-dependent" effect of repetitive microelectroshock induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease. J Neurosci Res 1999;57:935-940.
93. Mally J, Stone TW. Improvement in Parkinsonian symptoms after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. J Neurol Sci 1999; 162:179-184.
94. Manes F, Jorge R, Morcuende M, Yamada T, Paradiso S, Robinson RG. A controlled study of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment of depression in the elderly. Int Psychogeriatr 2001;13:225-231.
95. Wassermann EM, Lisanby SH. Therapeutic application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: a review. Clin Neurophysiol 2001;112:1367-1377.
96. Shulman LM, Taback RL, Bean J, Weiner WJ. Comorbidity of the nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2001;16:507-510.
97. Mayeux R, Stern Y, Rosen J, Leventhal J. Depression, intellectual impairment, and Parkinson disease. Neurology 1981;31:645-650.
98. Starkstein SE, Preziosi TJ, Berthier ML, Bolduc PL, Mayberg HS, Robinson RG. Depression and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. Brain 1989;112:1141-1153.
99. Troster AI, Stalp LD, Paolo AM, Fields JA, Koller WC. Neuropsychological impairment in Parkinson's disease with and without depression. Arch Neurol 1995;52:1164-1169.
100. Huber SJ, Paulson GW, Shuttleworth EC. Relationship of motor symptoms, intellectual impairment, and depression in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1988;51:855-858.
101. Starkstein SE, Bolduc PL, Mayberg HS, Preziosi TJ, Robinson RG. Cognitive impairments and depression in Parkinson's disease: a follow up study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1990;53: 597-602.
102. Starkstein SE, Mayberg HS, Leiguarda R, Preziosi TJ. A prospective longitudinal study of depression, cognitive decline, and physical impairments in patients with Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1992;55:377-382.
103. Stern Y, Marder K, Tang MX, Mayeux R. Antecedent clinical features associated with dementia in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1993;43:1690-1692.