Effects of feeding time on nitrogen capture by lactating dairy cows grazing rye pasture

Journal of Dairy Science

Volumn 85, Issue 5, 2002, Pages 1267-1272

  Vaughan, J M ^a   Bertrand, J A ^a   Jenkins, T C ^a   Pinkerton, B W ^b  

^a Dept of Anim and Vet Sciences ^*  (United States)

^b CLEMSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Dairy cow; Grazing; Nitrogen; Pasture

Indexed keywords

BOS TAURUS; SECALE CEREALE;

LIPID; MILK PROTEIN; NITROGEN; UREA;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL FOOD; ARTICLE; CATTLE; CHEMISTRY; DIET; EATING; FEMALE; LACTATION; METABOLISM; MILK; RYE; TIME; UREA NITROGEN BLOOD LEVEL;

ANIMAL NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY; ANIMALS; BLOOD UREA NITROGEN; CATTLE; DIET; EATING; FEMALE; LACTATION; LIPIDS; MILK; MILK PROTEINS; NITROGEN; SECALE CEREALE; TIME FACTORS; UREA;

EID: 0036560811     PISSN: 00220302     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74191-X     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Aldrich, J. M., L. D. Muller, and G. A. Varga. 1993. Nonstructural carbohydrate and protein effects on rumen fermentation, nutrient flow, and performance of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 76:1091-1105.
2. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1984. Official Methods of Analysis. 14th ed. AOAC, Washington, DC.
3. Bach, A., I. K. Yoon, M. D. Stern, H. G. Jung, and H. Chester-Jones. 1999. Effects of type of carbohydrate supplementation to lush pasture on microbial fermentation in continuous culture. J. Dairy Sci. 83:153-160.
4. Berzaghi, P., J. H. Herbein, and C. E. Polan. 1996. Intake, site, and extent of nutrient digestion of lactating cows grazing pasture. J. Dairy Sci. 79:1581-1589.
5. Casper, D. P., H. A. Maiga, M. J. Brouk, and D. J. Schingoethe. 1999. Synchronization of carbohydrate and protein sources on fermentation and passage rates in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 82:1779-1790.
6. DePeters, E. J., and J. D. Ferguson. 1992. Nonprotein nitrogen and protein distribution in the milk of cows. J. Dairy Sci. 75:3192-3209.
7. Fenton, T. W., and M. Fenton. 1979. An improved procedure for the determination of chromic oxide in feed and feces. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 59:631-634.
8. Goering, H. K., and P. J. Van Soest. 1990. Forage Fiber Analysis (Apparatus, Reagents, Procedures, and Some Applications). Agric. Handbook No. 379. ARS-USDA, Washington, DC.
9. Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching. 1st rev. ed. 1999. Federation of Animal Science Societies, Savoy, IL.
10. Henning, P. H., D. G. Steyn, and H. H. Meissner. 1993. Effect of synchronization of energy and nitrogen supply on ruminal characteristics and microbial growth. J. Anim. Sci. 71:2516-2528.
11. Herrera-Saldaña, R., R. Gomez-Alarcon, M. Torabi, and J. T. Huber. 1990. Influence of synchronizing protein and starch degradation in the rumen on nutrient utilization and microbial protein synthesis. J. Dairy Sci. 73:142-148.
12. Herrera-Saldaña, R., and J. T. Huber. 1989. Influence of varying protein and starch degradabilities on performance of lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci. 72:1477-1483.
13. Holden, L. A., L. D. Muller, and S. L. Fales. 1994. Estimation of intake in high-producing Holstein cows grazing grass pasture. J. Dairy Sci. 77:2332-2340.
14. Holden, L. A., L. D. Muller, T. Lykos, and T. W. Cassidy. 1995. Effect of corn silage supplementation on intake and milk production in cows grazing grass pasture. J. Dairy Sci. 78:154-160.
15. Kolver, E., L. D. Muller, G. A. Varga, and T. J. Cassidy. 1998. Synchronization of ruminal degradation of supplemental carbohydrate with pasture nitrogen in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 81:2017-2028.
16. National Research Council. 1989. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 6th rev. ed. Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington, DC.
17. Nocek, J. E., and J. B. Russell. 1988. Protein and energy as an integrated system. Relationship of ruminal protein and carbohydrate availability to microbial synthesis and milk production. J. Dairy Sci. 71:2070-2107.
18. Oltner, R., and H. Wiktorsson. 1983. Urea concentrations in milk and blood as influenced by feeding varying amounts of protein and energy to dairy cows. Livest. Prod. Sci. 10:457-467.
19. Reis, R. B., F. San Emeterio, D. K. Combs, L. D. Satter, and H. N. Costa. 2001. Effects of corn particle size and source on performance of lactating cows fed direct-cut grass-legume forage. J. Dairy Sci. 84:429-441.
20. SAS User's Guide: Statistics, Version 5 Edition. 1985. SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC.
21. San Emeterio, F., R. B. Reis, W. E. Campos, and L. D. Satter. 2000. Effect of coarse or fine grinding on utilization of dry or ensiled corn by lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 83:2839-2848.
22. Sayer, K. D., and J. J. Van Soest. 1972. Comparison of types of fermentation vessels for an in vitro artificial rumen procedure. J. Dairy Sci. 55:1496-1498.
23. Soriano, F. D., C. E. Polan, and C. N. Miller. 2000. Milk production and composition, rumen fermentation parameters, and grazing behavior of dairy cows supplemented with different forms and amounts of corn grain. J. Dairy Sci. 83:1520-1529.
24. Van Vuuren, A. M., S. Tamminga, and R. S. Ketelaar. 1990. Ruminal availability of nitrogen and carbohydrates from fresh and pre-served herbage in dairy cows. Neth. J. Agric. Sci. 38:499-512.
25. Winsten, R., L. Parsons, and G. D. Hanson. 2000. Differentiated dairy grazing intensity in the Northeast. J. Dairy Sci. 83:836-842.