Contribution of small habitat fragments to conservation of insect communities of grassland-cropland landscapes

Ecological Applications

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 354-363

  Tscharntke, Teja ^a   Steffan Dewenter, Ingolf ^a   Kruess, Andreas ^a   Thies, Carsten ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GÖTTINGEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Biodiversity; Biological control; Butterflies; Conservation; Ecological functions; Habitat fragmentation; Interspecific interactions; Parasitoids; Reserve design; Scale dependence; SLOSS; Trophic interactions

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; BUTTERFLY; CONSERVATION; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; HABITAT LOSS; HABITAT STRUCTURE; HERBIVORY; INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTION; PARASITISM; TROPHIC INTERACTION;

COLEOPTERA; HEXAPODA; INSECTA; MELIGETHES; PAPILIONOIDEA;

EID: 0036557571     PISSN: 10510761     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/1051-0761(2002)012[0354:coshft]2.0.co;2     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. Andrén, H. 1996. Population responses to habitat fragmentation: statistical power and the random sample hypothesis. Oikos 76:235-242.
2. Baur, B., and A. Erhardt. 1995. Habitat fragmentation and habitat alterations: principal threats to most animal and plant species. Gaia 4:221-226.
3. Brown, J. H., and A. Kodric-Brown. 1977. Turnover rates in insular biogeography: effects of immigration on extinction. Ecology 58:445-449.
4. Burkey, T. V. 1989. Extinction in nature reserves: the effect of fragmentation and the importance of migration between reserve fragments. Oikos 55:75-81.
5. Connell, J. H., and R. O. Slatyer. 1977. Mechanisms of succession in natural communities and their role in community stability and organization. American Naturalist 111:1119-1144.
6. Corbett, A., and J. A. Rosenheim. 1996. Impact of a natural enemy overwintering refuge and its interaction with the surrounding landscape. Ecological Entomology 21:155-164.
7. Debinsky, D. M., and R. D. Holt. 2000. A survey and overview of habitat fragmentation experiments. Conservation Biology 14:342-355.
8. den Boer, P. J. 1990. The survival value of dispersal in terrestrial arthropods. Biological Conservation 54:175-192.
9. Denys, C., and T. Tscharntke. 2001. Plant-insect communities and predator-prey ratios in field margin strips, adjacent crop fields, and fallows. Oecologia, in press.
10. Diamond, J. M., and R. M. May. 1981. Island biography and the design of natural reserves. Pages 228-252 in R. M. May, editor. Theoretical ecology. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, UK.
11. Didham, R. K., J. Ghazoul, N. E. Stork, and A. J. Davis. 1996. Insects in fragmented forests: a functional approach. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 11:255-260.
12. Ekbom, B., M. Irwin, and Y. Robert, editors. 2000. Interchanges of insects between agricultural and surrounding landscapes. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
13. Fagan, W. F., E. Meir, J. Prendergast, A. Folarin, and P. Kareiva. 2001. Characterizing population vulnerability for 758 species. Ecology Letters 4:132-138.
14. Fahrig, L. 1997. Relative effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on population extinction. Journal of Wildlife Management 61:603-610.
15. Gonzales, A., J. H. Lawton, F. S. Gilbert, T. M. Blackburn, and I. Evans-Freke. 1998. Metapopulation dynamics, abundance, and distribution in a microecosystem. Science 281:2045-2047.
16. Gustafson, E. J., and R. H. Gardner. 1996. The effect of landscape heterogeneity on the probability of patch colonization. Ecology 77:94-107.
17. Hanski, I. 1994. Patch-occupancy dynamics in fragmented landscapes. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9:131-135.
18. Hanski, I., T. Pakkala, M. Kuussaari, and G. Lei. 1995. Metapopulation persistence of an endangered butterfly in a fragmented landscape. Oikos 72:21-28.
19. Harrison, S., and E. Bruna. 1999. Habitat fragmentation and large-scale conservation: what do we know for sure? Ecography 22:225-232.
20. Hawkins, B. A., and H. V. Cornell. 1994. Maximum parasitism rates and successful biological control. Science 266:1886.
21. Hess, G. 1996. Disease in metapopulation models: implications for conservation. Ecology 77:1617-1632.
22. Holt, R. D. 1996. Food webs in space: an island biogeographic perspective. Pages 313-323 in G. A. Polis and K. O. Winemiller, editors. Food webs. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
23. Holt, R. D., J. H. Lawton, G. A. Polis, and N. D. Martinez. 1999. Trophic rank and the species-area relationship. Ecology 80:1495-1504.
24. Holyak, M. 2000. Habitat subdividion causes changes in food web structure. Ecology Letters 3:509-515.
25. Jedicke, E. 1994. Biotopverbund. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, Germany.
26. Johnson, B. R. 1996. Southern Appalachian rare plant reintroductions on granitic outcrops. Pages 433-443 in D. A. Falk, C. I. Millar, and M. Olwell, editors. Restoring diversity: strategies for reintroduction of endangered plants. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
27. Kareiva, P. 1987. Habitat fragmentation and the stability of predator-prey interactions. Nature 326:388-390.
28. Kareiva, P. 1990. Population dynamics in spatially complex environments: theory and data. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 330:175-190.
29. Kareiva, P., and U. Wennergren. 1995. Connecting landscape patterns to ecosystem and population processes. Nature 373:299-302.
30. Kruess, A., and T. Tscharntke. 1994. Habitat fragmentation, species loss, and biological control. Science 264:1581-1584.
31. Kruess, A., and T. Tscharntke. 2000a. Species richness and parasitism in a fragmented landscape: experiments and field studies with insects on Vicia sepium. Oecologia 122:129-137.
32. Kruess, A., and T. Tscharntke. 2000b. Effects of habitat fragmentation on plant-insect communities. Pages 53-70 in B. Ekbom, M. Irwin, and Y. Robert, editors. Interchanges of insects between agricultural and surrounding landscapes. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
33. Laurance, W. F., and E. Yensen. 1991. Predicting the impacts of edge effects in fragmented habitats. Biological Conservation 55:77-92.
34. Lawton, J. H. 1995. Population dynamic principles. Pages 147-163 in J. H. Lawton and R. M. May, editors. Extinction risks. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
35. Lobenstein, U. 1988. Rote Liste der in Niedersachsen gefährdeten Großschmetterlinge. Informationsdienst Naturschutz Niedersachsen 8:109-136.
36. Matthies, D., B. Schmid, and P. Schmid-Hempel. 1995. The importance of population processes for the maintenance of biological diversity. Gaia 4:199-209.
37. Naeem, S. 2000. Reply to Wardle et al. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 81:241-246.
38. Norton, M. R., S. J. Hannon, and F. K. A. Schmiegelow. 2000. Fragments are not islands: patch vs landscape perspectives on songbird presence and abundance in a harvested boreal forest. Ecography 23:209-223.
39. Östman, Ö., B. Ekbom, and J. Bengtsson. 2001a. Landscape complexity and farming practice influence the condition of polyphagous carabid beetles. Ecological Applications 11:480-488.
40. Östman, Ö., B. Ekbom, and J. Bengtsson. 2001b. Farming practice and landscape heterogeneity influence biological control. Basic and Applied Ecology 2:365-371.
41. Quinn, J. F., and S. P. Harrison. 1988. Effects of habitat fragmentation and isolation on species richness: evidence from biogeographic patterns. Oecologia 75:132-140.
42. Riechert, S. E., L. Provencher, and K. Lawrence. 1999. The potential of spiders to exhibit stable equilibrium point control of prey: tests of two criteria. Ecological Applications 9:365-377.
43. Roland, J., and P. D. Taylor. 1995. Herbivore-natural enemy interactions in fragmented and continuous forests. Pages 195-208 in N. Cappucino and P. W. Price, editors. Population dynamics: new approaches and synthesis. Academic Press, San Diego, California, USA.
44. Roland, J., and P. D. Taylor. 1997. Insect parasitoid species respond to forest structure at different spatial scales. Nature 386:710-713.
45. Schwartz, M. W. 1999. Choosing the appropriate scale of reserves for conservation. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 30:83-108.
46. Schwartz, M. W., and P. J. van Mantgem. 1997. The value of small preserves in chronically fragmented landscapes. Pages 379-394 in M. W. Schwartz, editor. Conservation in highly fragmented landscapes. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
47. Shafer, C. L. 1990. Island theory and conservation practice. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
48. Shaffer, M. L. 1981. Minimum population sizes for species conservation. BioScience 31:131-134.
49. Soulé M. E., and D. Simberloff. 1986. What do genetics and ecology tell us about the design of nature reserves? Biological Conservation 35:19-40.
50. Steffan-Dewenter, I., U. Münzenberg, and T. Tscharntke. 2001. Pollination, seed set, and seed predation on a landscape scale. Proceedings of the Royal Society London, Series B 268:1-6.
51. Steffan-Dewenter, I., and T. Tscharntke. 2000. Butterfly community structure in fragmented habitats. Ecology Letters 3:449-456.
52. Thies, C., and T. Tscharntke. 1999. Landscape structure and biological control in agroecosystems. Science 285:893-895.
53. Thomas, C. D. 1989. Predator-herbivore interactions and the escape of isolated plants from phytophagous insects. Oikos 55:291-298.
54. Tscharntke, T. 1992. Coexistence, tritrophic interactions and density dependence in a species-rich parasitoid community. Journal of Animal Ecology 61:59-67.
55. Tscharntke, T. 2000. Parasitoid populations in the agricultural landscape. Pages 235-253 in M. E. Hochberg and A. R. Ives, editors. Parasitoid population biology. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
56. Tscharntke, T., and A. Kruess. 1999. Habitat fragmentation and biological control. Pages 190-205 in B. A. Hawkins and H. V. Cornell, editors. Theoretical approaches to biological control. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
57. Walde, S. J., and G. Nachman. 1999. Dynamics of spatially structured mite populations. Pages 163-189 in B. A. Hawkins and H. V. Cornell, editors. Theoretical approaches to biological control. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
58. Wardle, D. A., M. A. Huston, J. P. Grime, F. Berendse, F. Garnier, W. K. Lauenroth, H. Setälä, and S. D. Wilson. 2000. Biodiversity and ecosystem function: an issue in ecology. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 81:235-239.
59. Whittaker, R. J. 1998. Island biogeography. Ecology, evolution, and conservation. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
60. Wilcove, D. S., C. H. McLellan, and A. P. Dobson. 1986. Habitat fragmentation in the temperate zone. Pages 237-256 in M. S. Soulé, editor. Conservation biology. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
61. Wright, D. H., and J. H. Reeves. 1992. On the meaning and measurement of nestedness of species assemblages. Oecologia 92:416-428.
62. Zschokke, S., C. Dolt, H. P. Rusterholz, P. Oggier, B. Braschler, G. H. Thommen, E. Lüdin, A. Erhardt, and B. Baur. 2000. Short-term responses of plants and invertebrates to experimental small-scale grassland fragmentation. Oecologia 125:559-572.