Differences between preschool children with ODD, ADHD, and ODD+ADHD symptoms

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines

Volumn 43, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 191-201

  Gadow, Kenneth D ^a   Nolan, Edith E ^a  

^a STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

ADD ADHD; Comorbidity; Early Childhood Inventory 4; Oppositional defiant disorder.; Preschool children; Screening

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ASPERGER SYNDROME; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; AUTISM; BEHAVIOR DISORDER; COMMUNITY CARE; COMORBIDITY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONDUCT DISORDER; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; DISEASE SEVERITY; DYSTHYMIA; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; FEMALE; HEALTH PROGRAM; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MALE; OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER; OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT; PARENT; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RATING SCALE; SEPARATION ANXIETY; SOCIAL PHOBIA; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; TEACHER; AGE; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; PERSONALITY TEST; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE;

AGE FACTORS; ATTENTION DEFICIT AND DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR DISORDERS; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COMORBIDITY; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES;

EID: 0036480748     PISSN: 00219630     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1469-7610.00012     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Achenbach, T.M. (1991a). Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 and 1991 Profile. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont Department of Psychiatry.
2. Achenbach, T.M. (1991b). Manual for the Teacher's Report Form and 1991 Profile. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont Department of Psychiatry.
3. Achenbach, T.M., McConaughy, S.H., & Howell, C.T. (1987). Child/adolescent behavioral and emotional problems: Implications of cross-informant correlations for situational specificity. Psychological Bulletin, 101, 213-232.
4. American Psychiatric Association. (1987). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd ed., Rev. (DSM-III-R). Washington, DC: Author.
5. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disroders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV). Washington, DC: Author.
6. Anderson, J.C., Williams, S., McGee, R., & Silva, P.A. (1987). DSM-III disorders in preadolescent children: Prevalence in a large sample from the general population. Archives of General Psychiatry, 44, 69-76.
7. Angold, A., & Costello, E.J. (1996). Toward establishing an empirical basis for the diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 1205-1212.
8. August, G.J., Realmuto G.M., MacDonald, A.W., Nugent, S.M., & Crosby, R. (1996). Prevalence of ADHD and comorbid disorders among elementary school children screened for disruptive behavior. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 24, 571-595.
9. August, G.J., Realmuto, G.M., Joyce, T., & Hektner, J.M. (1999). Persistence and desistance of oppositional defiant disorder in a community sample of children with ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, 1262-1270.
10. Beitchman, J.H., Wekerle, C., & Hood, J. (1987). Diagnostic continuity from preschool to middle childhood. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 26, 694-699.
11. Berkson, J. (1946). Limitations of the application of the fourfold table analysis to hospital data. Biometrics, 2, 47-53.
12. Biederman, J., Faraone, S.V., Milberger, S., Jetton, J.G., Chen, L., Mick, E., Greene, R.W., & Russell, R.L. (1996). Is childhood oppositional defiant disorder a precursor to adolescent conduct disorder? Findings from a four-year followup-study of children with ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 1193-1204.
13. Biederman, J., Newcorn, J., & Sprich, S. (1991). Comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with conduct, depressive, anxiety, and other disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 564-577.
14. Bird, H.R., Canino, G., Rubio-Stipec, M. et al. (1988). Estimates of the prevalence of childhood maladjustment in a community survey in Puerto Rico. Archives of General Psychiatry, 45, 1120-1126.
15. Campbell, S.B. (1994). Hard-to-manage preschool boys: Externalizing behavior, social competence, and family context at two-year followup. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 22, 147-166.
16. Cantwell, D.P., & Baker, L. (1989). Stability and natural history of DSM-III childhood diagnoses. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 691-700.
17. Carlson, C.L., Tamm, L., & Gaub, M. (1997). Gender differences in children with ADHD, ODD, and co-occurring ADHD/ODD identified in a school population. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 1706-1714.
18. Conners, C.K. (1973). Rating scales for use in drug studies with children. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 9, 24-84.
19. Earls, F. (1982). Application of DSM-III in an epidemiological study of preschool children. American Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 242-243.
20. Frick, P.J., Lahey, B.B., Applegate, B., Kerdyck, L., Ollendick, T., Hynd, G.W., Garfinkel, B., Greenhill, L., Biederman, J., Barkley, R.A., McBurnett, K., Newcorn, J., & Waldman, I. (1994). DSM-IV field trials for the disruptive behavior disorders: Symptom utility estimates. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 529-539.
21. Gadow, K.D. (1986a). Children on Medication (Vol. 1): Hyperactivity, Learning Disabilities, and Mental Retardation. Austin, TX: PRO-ED.
22. Gadow, K.D. (1986b). Peer Conflict Scale. Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York, Stony Brook.
23. Gadow K.D. (1997). An overview of three decades of research in pediatric psychopharmacoepidemiology. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 7, 219-236.
24. Gadow, K.D., & Sprafkin, J. (1997). Early Childhood Symptom Inventory-4 Norms Manual. Stony Brook, NY: Checkmate Plus.
25. Gadow, K.D., & Sprafkin, J. (2000). Early Childhood Symptom Inventory-4 Screening Manual. Stony Brook, NY: Checkmate Plus.
26. Gadow, K.D., Sprafkin, J., & Nolan, E.E. (1996). ADHD School Observation Code. Stony Brook, NY: Checkmate Plus.
27. Gadow, K.D., Sprafkin, J., & Nolan, E.E. (2001). DSM-IV-symptoms in community and clinical preschool children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 1383-1392.
28. Gadow, K.D., Sverd, J., Sprafkin, J., Nolan, E.E., & Ezor, S.N. (1995). Efficacy of methylphenidate for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children with tic disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52, 444-455.
29. Hartman, C.A., Hox, J., Mellenbergh, G.J., Boyle, M.H., Offord, D.R., Racine, Y., McNamee, J., Gadow, K.D., Sprafkin, J., Kelly, K.L., Nolan, E.E., Tannock, R., Schachar, R., Schut, H., Postma, I. Drost, R., & Sergeant, J.A. (2001). DSM-IV internal construct validity: When a taxonomy metts data. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42, 817-836.
30. Hinshaw, S.P. (1987). On the distinction between attention deficits/hyperactivity and conduct problems/aggression in child psychopathology. Psychology Bulletin, 101, 443-463.
31. Hollingshead, A.B. (1975). Four factor index of social status. Unpublished manuscript, Department of Sociology, Yale University, New Haven, CT.
32. Hooks, M.Y., Mayes, L.C., & Volkmar, F.R. (1988). Psychiatric disorders among preschool children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 27, 623-627.
33. Keenyan, K., Shaw, D.S., Walsh, B., Delliquadri, E., & Giovannelli, J. (1997). DSM-III-R disorders in preschool children from low-income families. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 620-627.
34. Lahey, B.B., Pelham, W.E., Stein, M.A., Loney, J., Trapani, C., Nugent, K., Kipp, H., Schmidt, E., Lee, S., Cale M., Gold, E., Hartung, C.M., Willcutt, E., & Baumann, B. (1998). Validity of DSM-IV attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder for younger children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 37, 695-702.
35. Lahey, B.B., Waldman, I.D., & McBurnett, K. (1999). The development of antisocial behavior: An integrative causal model. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, 669-682.
36. Lavigne, J.V., Gibbons, R.D., Christoffel, K.K., Arend, R., Rosenbaum, D., Binns, H., Dawson, N., Sobel, H., & Isaacs, C. (1996). Prevalence rates and correlates of psychiatric disorders among preschool children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 204-214.
37. Lee, B.J. (1987). Multidisciplinary evaluation of preschool children and its demography in a military psychiatric clinic. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 26, 313-316.
38. Loeber, R., Burke, J.D., Lahey, B.B., Winters, A., & Zera, M. (2000). Oppositional defiant and conduct disorder: A review of the past 10 years, part 1. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 1469-1484.
39. Loney, J., & Milich, R. (1982). Hyperactivity, inattention, and aggression in clinical practice. In M. Wolraich & D.L. Routh (eds.), Advances in Development and Behavioral Pediatrics (vol. 3, pp. 113-147), Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
40. Matthys, W., Cuperus, J.M., & Engeland, H.V. (1999). Deficient social problem-solving in boys with ODD/CD, with ADHD, and with both disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, 311-321.
41. Nolan, E.E., & Gadow, K.D. (1994). Relation between ratings and observations of stimulant drug responses in hyperactive children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 23, 78-90.
42. Nolan, E.E., Gadow, K.D., & Sprafkin, J. (2001). Teacher reports of DSM-IV ADHD, ODD, and CD symptoms in school children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 241-249.
43. Nolan, E.E., Volve, R.J., Gadow, K.D., & Sprafkin, J. (1999). Developmental, gender, and comorbidity differences in clinically referred children with ADHD. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 7, 11-20.
44. Offord, D., Boyle, M.H., Racine, Y., Szatmari, P., Fleming, J.E., Sanford, M., & Lipman, E.L. (1996). Integrating assessment data from multiple informants. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 1078-1085.
45. Rosnow, R.L., & Rosenthal, R. (1996). Computing contrasts, effect sizes, and counternulls on other people's published data: General procedures for research consumers. Psychological Methods, 1, 331-340.
46. Speltz, M.L., McClellan, J., DeKlyen, M., & Jones, K. (1999). Preschool boys with oppositional defiant disorder: Clinical presentation and diagnostic change. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, 838-845.
47. Spencer, T., Biederman, J., Harding, M., O'Donnell, D., Wilens, T., Faraone, S., Coffey, B., & Geller, D. (1998). Disentangling the overlap between Tourette's disorder and ADHD. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 39, 1037-1044.
48. Sprafkin, J., & Gadow, K.D. (1996). Early Childhood Inventories Manual. Stony Brook, NY: Checkmate Plus.
49. Sprafkin, J., Volpe, R.J., Gadow, K.D., Noland, E.E., & Kelly, K. (2001). A DSM-IV-referenced screening instrument for preschool children: The Early Childhood Inventory-4. Manuscript submitted for publication.
50. Wolraich, M.L., Hannah, J.N., Pinnock, T.Y., Baumgaertel, A., & Brown, J. (1996). Comparison of diagostic criteria for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in a county-wide sample. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 319-324.