Management of patients with hypertensive urgencies and emergencies: A systematic review of the literature

Journal of General Internal Medicine

Volumn 17, Issue 12, 2002, Pages 937-945

  Cherney, David ^a,b   Straus, Sharon ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b NONE   (Canada)

Author keywords

Hypertensive crisis; Hypertensive emergency; Hypertensive urgency

Indexed keywords

CAPTOPRIL; CLONIDINE; ENALAPRILAT; FENOLDOPAM; FUROSEMIDE; LABETALOL; LACIDIPINE; NICARDIPINE; NIFEDIPINE; NITRENDIPINE; NITROPRUSSIDE SODIUM; URAPIDIL; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; PIPERAZINE DERIVATIVE;

BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG EFFICACY; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; HYPOTENSION; MEDLINE; MORTALITY; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; TASTE DISORDER; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CRITICAL ILLNESS; EMERGENCY; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL;

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION; CLINICAL TRIALS; CRITICAL ILLNESS; EMERGENCIES; EMERGENCY SERVICE, HOSPITAL; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; NITROPRUSSIDE; PIPERAZINES; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS;

EID: 0036460172     PISSN: 08848734     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2002.20389.x     Document Type: Review

References (35)

1. Kitiyakara C, Guzman N. Malignant hypertension and hypertensive emergencies. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998;9:133-42.
2. Zampaglione B, Pascale C, Marchisio M, Cavallo-Perin P. Hypertensive urgencies and emergencies. Prevalence and clinical presentation. Hypertension. 1996;27:144-7.
3. Kincaid-Smith P, McMichael J, Murphy EA. The clinical course and pathology of hypertension with papilloedema (malignant hypertension). QJM. 1958;37:117-53.
4. Bechgaard P, Kopp H, Neilson J. One thousand hypertensive patients followed from 16-22 years. Acta Med Scand. 1956;312(suppl):175-83.
5. Haynes RB, Wilczynski C, McKibbon A, Walker C, Sinclair J. Developing optimal search strategies for detecting clinically sound studies in MEDLINE. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 1994;1:447-58.
6. Sackett DL, Straus S, Richardson WS, Rosenberg W, Hagro RB. Evidence-Based Medicine. How to Practice and Teach Evidence Based Medicine. 2nd Ed. London: Churchill Livingston; 2000.
7. Mount Sinai Hospital-University Health Network. 2000. Centre for Evidence Based Medicine: NNT Tables. Available at: http://www.mtsinai.on.ca/masterframe.html. Accessed April 12, 2001.
8. Hirschl MM, Binder M, Bur A, et al. Safety and efficacy of urapidil and sodium nitroprusside in the treatment of hypertensive emergencies. Intensive Care Med. 1997;23:885-8.
9. Hirschl MM, Seidler D, Zeiner A, et al. Intravenous urapidil versus sublingual nifedipine in the treatment of hypertensive urgencies. Am J Emerg Med. 1993;11:653-6.
10. Franklin C, Nightengale S, Mambani B. A randomized comparison of nifedipine and sodium nitroprusside in severe hypertension. Chest. 1993;90:500-3.
11. Komsuoglu B, Sengun B, Bayram A, Komsuoglu SS. Treatment of hypertensive urgencies with oral nifedipine, nicardipine, and captopril. Angiology. 1991;42:447-54.
12. Jaker M, Atkin S, Soto M, Schmid G, Brosch F. Oral nifedipine vs. oral clonidine in the treatment of urgent hypertension. Arch Intern Med. 1989;149:260-5.
13. Zeller KR, Kuhnert LV, Matthews C. Rapid reduction of severe asymptomatic hypertension: A prospective, controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 1989;149:2186-9.
14. Rutledge J, Ayers C, Davidson R, et al. Effect of intravenous enalaprilat in moderate and severe hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 1988;62:1062-67.
15. Rohr G, Reimnitz P, Blanke P. Treatment of hypertensive emergency. Comparison of a new dosage form of the calcium antagonist nitrendipine with nifedipine capsules. Intensive Care Med. 1994;20:268-71.
16. McDonald AJ, Yealy DM, Jacobson S. Oral labetalol vs. oral nifedipine in hypertensive emergencies in the emergency department. Am J Emerg Med. 1993;11:460-3.
17. Panacek EA, Bednarczyk EM, Dunbar LM, Foulke GE, Holcslaw TL. Randomized, prospective trial of fenoldopam vs. sodium nitroprusside in the treatment of acute severe hypertension. Acad Emerg Med. 1995;2:959-65.
18. Elmer BL, Green JA, Panacek EA, et al. Fenoldopam mesylate versus sodium nitroprusside in the acute management of severe systemic hypertension. J Clin Pharmacol. 1993;33:549-53.
19. Reisin E, Huth M. Intravenous fenoldopam versus sodium nitroprusside in patients with severe hypertension. Hypertension. 1990;15(suppl I):I59-I62.
20. Gonzalez ER, Peterson MA, Racht EM, Ornato JP, Due DL. Dose-response evaluation of oral labetalol in patients presenting to the emergency department with accelerated hypertension. Ann Emerg Med. 1991;20:333-8.
21. Angeli P, Chiesa M, Caregaro L, et al. Comparison of sublingual captopril and nifedipine in immediate treatment of hypertensive emergencies. A randomized, single-blind clinical trial. Arch Intern Med. 1991;151:678-82.
22. Wallin JD, Fletcher E, Ram CV, et al. Intravenous nicardipine for the treatment of severe hypertension: A double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial. Arch Intern Med. 1989;149:2662-9.
23. Pascale C, Zampaglione B, Marchisio M. Management of hypertensive crisis: Nifedipine in comparison with captopril, clonidine and furosemide. Curr Ther Res. 1992;51:9-18.
24. Hirschl MM, Seidler D, Mullner M, et al. Efficacy of different antihypertensive drugs in the emergency department. J Human Hypertension. 1996;24:1684-9.
25. Sanchez M, Sobrino J, Ribera L, Adrian AJ, Torres M, Coca A. Long-acting lacidipine versus short-acting nifedipine in the treatment of acute asymptomatic acute blood pressure increase. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1999;33:479-84.
26. Habib GB, Dunbar LM, Rodrigues R, Neale AC, Friday KJ. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of oral nicardipine in the treatment of urgent hypertension: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled trial. Am Heart J. 1995;129:917-23.
27. Psaty BM, Guralnik JM, Corti MC, et al. The risk of myocardial infarction associated with antihypertensive drug therapies. JAMA. 1995;274:620-5.
28. Epstein M. Calcium antagonists should continue to be first-line treatment of hypertension. Arch Intern Med. 1995;155:2150-6.
29. Messerli FH. Case-control study, meta-analysis and bouillabaisse: Putting the calcium antagonist scare into context. Ann Intern Med. 1995;123:888-9.
30. Ramsay LE, Williams B, Johnston GD, et al. for the British Hypertension Society. Guidelines for the management of hypertension: Report of the Third Working Party of the British Hypertension Society. J Hum Hypertens. 1999;13:569-92.
31. Feldman RD, Campbell N, Larochelle P, et al. for the Task Force for the Development of the 1999 Canadian Recommendations for the Management of Hypertension. 1999 Canadian recommendations for the management of hypertension. CMAJ. 1999;161(suppl 12):1-17.
32. The Sixth Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertension. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:2413-46.
33. DeSanctis RW, Doroghazi RM, Austen WG. Aortic dissection. N Engl J Med. 1987;317:1060-7.
34. Crawford ES. The diagnosis and management of aortic dissection. JAMA. 1990;264:2537-41.
35. Erbel R, Alfonso F, Boileau C, et al. Diagnosis and management of aortic dissection. Eur Heart J. 2001;22:1642-81.